贻贝(Mytilus edulis Linnaeus)唇瓣的扫描电镜观察

本文运用扫描电子显微镜技术研究了贻贝唇瓣的形态结，结果表明，贻贝唇瓣外部形态呈羽毛状，分为光滑面和皱褶面；褶皱面表面被覆浓密纤毛，分有沟嵴和无嵴两部分，界限明显，光滑面纤毛较少，呈簇状，分布不均，在褶皱面中央分界处和光滑面的一侧，有大量球状突起，为杯状细胞所在，纤毛和粘液在食物分拣和运输中起重要作用。     

引入差比关系法分析西北太平洋TOPEX/POSEIDON卫星高度计测高数据

TOPEX/POSEIDON(T/P)卫星高度计数据信息中存在周期成分混淆问题.对其中的一类混淆引入差比关系方法对混淆的分潮进行分离.卫星轨道交叉点资料包括升轨和降轨资料,资料量比沿轨点资料多1倍,经分析发现:在已有为期6a多的观测资料时间序列中,在沿轨处混淆的分潮如K₁和SSA在交叉点处不再混淆,可以直接分离.因此首先对交叉点资料进行调和分析.然后由交叉点的分析结果得到分潮间的差比关系,处理到相近的沿轨点处,从而得到沿轨点的调和常数.用引入差比关系方法,对西北太平洋海区6a多的T/P卫星高度计资料进行了潮汐分析,并与沿岸及岛屿验潮站资料进行了比较,所得结果较满意.     

传统海图和电子海图一体化数据模型的构建与应用研究

针对国内在一定时期内既要生产传统纸质海图保证传统导航,又要生产电子海图满足电子导航的需求,构建了一个能够包容S-57电子海图和传统海图信息全集的一体化海图数据模型,基于此模型分析了两种数据到一体化数据模型的转换机制,并应用此模型开发原型系统,实现了二者之间的一体化组织和切换显示,为探索传统海图和电子海图的数据融合提供了思路和参考。     

Ecopath with Ecosim在水生生态系统研究中的应用

地球上的水体为人类提供着无法计量的生态系统服务和相应的生态价值。然而,水生生态系统一直承受着巨大的捕捞和环境压力。为更好地分析人类以及自然扰动对水生生态系统的影响,并建立科学合理的管理机制,许多研究种群结构和动态的模型软件以     

现代黄河三角洲地面沉降及其原因分析

为全面和具体地了解整个黄河三角洲的地面沉降状况,收集了现代黄河三角洲地区1956、1967、1980年1∶5万比例尺的地形图资料,利用地理信息系统软件进行数字化、建立高程数据库,生成数字高程模型。通过对不同时期数字高程进行空间运算发现,1956—1980年间黄河三角洲地区地面沉降现象普遍,沉降区年平均沉降数厘米。基于数字高程空间分析结果,探讨了诱发三角洲地面沉降的自然和人为因素。     

南极长城站附近企鹅栖息地粪土沉积地层放射性核素210Pb定年

用γ谱方法测定了南极长城站附近特有生物群落栖息地沉积物中放射性核素含量,地表沉积物中40K,137Cs,210Pb,226Ra,228Ra,228Th.和238U平均比活度,分别为143,7.56,24.1,3.65,5.36,4.15和6.5Bq/kg.同时测试了阿德雷岛企鹅栖息地粪土沉积地层中放射性核素含量,利用其中的210Pb比活度,210Pb_ex垂向变化特征,推演沉积物的沉积速率和地质历史年代:其中AD1-a柱样时间跨度约为74a(1928~2002年),据此计算了沉积速率为0.063mm/a(r=0.794),并讨论了在南极特定条件下,放射性核素示踪对定年影响以及与区域现代气候环境变化的内在联系.     

0418号台风"艾利"路径特点分析

本文利用天气学对风场、物理量诊断、卫星云图等方法并结合0418号台风“艾利”路径进行分析研究。结果表明,850hPa正涡度、700hPa较强的垂直上升运动,台湾岛地形及双台风藤原效应对台风路径的预报有一定的指导意义.     

Pathogens and pathogenicity to Penaeus orientalis Kishinouye

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Processes Causing the Temporal Changes in Si/N Ratios of Nutrient Consumptions and Export Flux during the Spring Diatom Bloom

Two processes are generally explained as causes of temporal changes in the stoichiometric silicon/nitrogen (Si/N) ratios of sinking particles and of nutrient consumption in the surface water during the spring diatom bloom: (1) physiological changes of diatom under the stress of photosynthesis of diatom and (2) differences of regeneration between silicon and nitrogen. We investigated which process plays an important role in these changes using a one-dimensional ecosystem model that explicitly represents diatom and the other non-silicious phytoplankton. The model was applied to station A7 (41°30′ N, 145°30′ E) in the western North Pacific, where diatom regularly blooms in spring. Model simulations show that the Si/N ratios of the flux exported by the sinking particles at 100 m depth and of nutrient consumptions in the upper 100 m surface water have their maxima at the end of the spring diatom bloom, the values and timings of which are significantly different from each other. Analyses of the model results show that the differences of regeneration between silicon and nitrogen mainly cause the temporal changes of the Si/N ratios. On the other hand, the physiological changes of diatoms under stress can hardly cause these temporal changes, because the effect of the change in the diatom's uptake ratio of silicon to nitrogen is cancelled by that in its sinking rate.     

A Zonal Pathway for NADW in the South Atlantic

Several large deployments of neutrally buoyant floats took place within the Antarctic Intermediate (AAIW), North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW), and the Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) of the South Atlantic in the 1990s and a number of hydrographic sections were occupied as well. Here we use the spatially and temporally averaged velocities measured by these floats, combined with the hydrographic section data and various estimates of regional current transports from moored current meter arrays, to determine the circulation of the three major subthermocline water masses in a zonal strip across the South Atlantic between the latitudes of 19°S and 30°S. We concentrate on this region because the historical literature suggests that it is where the Deep Western Boundary Current containing NADW bifurcates. In support of this notion, we find that a net of about 5 Sv. of the 15–20 Sv that crosses 19°S does continue zonally eastward at least as far as the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Once across the ridge it takes a circuit to the north along the ridge flanks before returning to the south in the eastern half of the Angola Basin. The data suggest that the NADW then continues on into the Indian Ocean. This scheme is discussed in the context of distributions of dissolved oxygen, silicate and salinity. In spite of the many float-years of data that were collected in the region a surprising result is that their impact on the computed solutions is quite modest. Although the focus is on the NADW we also discuss the circulation for the AAIW and AABW layers.