The First Hadrosaurid Dinosaur from Southern China

A new hadrosaurid dinosaur,Nanningosaurus dashiensis gen.et sp.nov.,is described based on an incomplete skeleton from the Late Cretaceous red beds of the Nalong Basin,Guangxi,southern China.Diagnostic features for the new taxon include the presence of a tall and sharply peaked dorsal process of the maxilla with reduced process of the jugai and a distinct lacrimal facet,gracile humerus with low,rounded deltopectoral crest,mandibular condyle of the quadrate transversly broad with reduced paraquadrate notch,dentary tooth with sinuous median carina and subsidiary ridge,relatively few tooth positions,ischial shaft straight along most of its distance,but to curve dorsally and expand at the distal end before the ischial foot begins.Phylogenetic analysis suggests that Nanningosaurus dashiensis is a basal member of Lambeosanrinae.     

The Younger Dryas Event and Holocene Climate Fluctuations Recorded in a Stalagmite from the Panlong Cave of Guilin

Comprehensive studies on a stalagmite from the Panlong cave, Guilin, have shown that the isotopic records and sedimentary characteristics can reflect the changes of both palaeotemperatures and palaeorainfall, that is to say, it is possible to get some information about the changes in climate of the area from the speleothem. The results suggest that: (1) the Younger Dryas event might have persisted in the area from 11 300 to 10 800 a B.P.; (2) from 9000 to 7000 a B.P., the climate got warmer and wetter, and the summer monsoon was gradually enhanced; (3) from 7000 to 4500 a B.P., the climate was warm and wet, and the summer monsoon prevailed; and (4) from 4500 a B.P. on, the summer monsoon was weakened and the modern climate pattern appeared, but there were several cold and dry periods, namely, from 4000 to 2500 a B.P., ca. 2400 a B.P. and < 1000 a B.P.     

A STUDY ON THE CARTOGRAPHIC FUZZY MATRIX MODEL AND MATHEMATICAL EXPRESSIONS OF CARTOGRAPHIC TERMS

On the basis of the research of the cartographic modelsmade by the authors some years ago,this paper further studies theestablishment of cartographic fuzzy matrix to make the concepts incartography e.g.,selection,deletion,mapping generalization andimage tranformation,into some precise mathematical expressions.     

Summertime Surface N2O Concentration Observed on FildesPeninsula Antarctica： Correlation with TotalAtmospheric O3 and Solar Activity

Three-year summertime surface atmospheric N2O concentrations were observed for the first timeon the Fildes Peninsula, maritime Antarctica, and the relationships among the N2O concentration, totalatmospheric O3 amount, and sunspot number were analyzed. Solar activity had an important effecton surface N20 concentration and total O3 amount, and increases of sunspot number were followed bydecreases in the N2O concentration and total O3 amount. A corresponding relationship exists betweenthe N2O concentration and total atmospheric O3, and ozone destruction was preceded by N2O reduction.We propose that the extended solar activity in the Antarctic summer reduces the stratospheric N2O byconverting it into NOx, increases the diffusion of N2O from the troposphere to the stratosphere, decreasesthe surface atmospheric N2O, and depletes O3 via the chemical reaction between O3 and NOx. Ourobservation results are consistent with the theory of solar activity regarding the formation of the AntarcticO3 hole.     

Sulphur and Lead Isotope Compositions of the Dajiangping Deposit in Western Guangdong Province

The Dajiangping pyrite deposit located in the middle sector of the Yunkai uplift in western Guangdong is a stratiform sulphide deposit occurring in Sinian marine clastic and fine clastic rocks. The formation of the deposit was related to submarine exhalation and hot brine deposition. A part of it was reformed by late-stage hydrothermal solution. The δ34S values of pyrite vary from - 25.55‰ to +21.07‰, which are inversely proportional to the content of organic carbon in ore and pyrite. Passing from striped fine-grained pyrite ore to massive coarse-grained pyrite ore, i.e. from south to north, the sulphur isotopic composition changes from the light sulphur-enriched one to the heavy sulphur-enriched one. The lead isotopic composition of striped ore is consistent with that of the country rocks of orebodies and the lead is radiogenic lead derived from the upper crust. The lead isotopic composition of massive ore is relatively homogeneous and its 206Pb/204Pb, 207Pb/204Pb and 208Pb/204Pb ratios are a bit lo     

广西百色盆地古近系始新统沉积相特征及演化

利用野外露头、地震、测井和分析化验等资料,对盆地古近系始新统那读组和百岗组进行层序地层和沉积相研究。那读组和百岗组可划分为3个Ⅲ级层序,9个体系域,那读组那三段构成层序Ⅰ,那读组那二段和那一段构成层序Ⅱ,百岗组构成层序Ⅲ。层序Ⅰ和层序Ⅱ是盆地断陷期沉积,发育冲积扇相、河流相、三角洲相、扇三角洲相、深湖亚相和滨-浅湖亚相。层序Ⅱ湖泊沉积范围广,厚度大,厚层的湖相暗色泥岩是盆地主要烃源岩和区域性盖层。层序Ⅲ是盆地坳陷期的沉积,发育冲积扇相、扇三角洲相、河流相、三角洲相和滨-浅湖亚相。盆地中古近系沉积经过了洪积或冲积扇、河流三角洲→湖泊（扇三角洲）→河流的发育过程,反映了盆地从初期形成→扩张→萎缩的完整的演化序列。在层序Ⅰ和层序Ⅱ的低水位体系域,田东凹陷的中央断凹、南部次凹和那笔凸起的北部断鼻等区带发育长轴分布的河流三角洲砂岩,这些砂岩处于烃源岩成熟区,油气成藏条件优越,是河道岩性油藏勘探的有利区。在层序Ⅱ湖侵体系域和高水位体系域,北部陡坡发育扇三角洲砂体,与烃源岩指状交叉接触,有利于油气运聚成藏,容易形成大量上倾尖灭岩性油藏。     

1:300万中华人民共和国地理图的研制

与传统的手工制图相比,利用计算机来进行地图的生产和制作大大地提高了工作效率,减轻了制图者的劳动强度,实现了地图的数字化和信息化。但是,利用计算机进行地图制作,其工艺流程与传统的流程有诸多不同之处,另外,还涉及计算机图形图像处理方面的若干关键技术。本文介绍了1∶300万《中华人民共和国地理图》的制作经验、基本思想、表示内容和表示方法,叙述了地貌表示方法的选择及计算机辅助下的整体实现过程,以及数字制图工艺流程,并就大型挂图的制作经验进行了探讨。     

岩溶区生态恢复与重建的初步效果及意义

介绍了中国-斯洛文尼亚科技合作项目《利用有益动物繁殖系统进行岩溶地区的休养再生示范》实施的背景与岩溶区生态恢复重建的思路。通过试验,已找到桂北岩溶区适生的优良牧草和灌木品种。研究发现,这些品种对岩溶区的物种多样性、生态级别、土壤养分、土壤特性、土壤水涵养性等均有明显的改善作用,为中国南方岩溶区生态恢复与重建提供了科学依据。     

藏北羌塘中北部红脊山地区蓝闪石+硬柱石变质矿物组合的特征及其意义

蓝闪石+硬柱石是羌塘中北部红脊山地区首次发现的呈北西—南东走向展布的硬柱蓝闪片岩带中典型的低温高压变质矿物组合。蓝闪石呈浅蓝灰色,纤柱状;硬柱石无色,多呈团块状,较均匀地与蓝闪石混杂分布。电子探针分析表明,蓝闪石主要为铁蓝闪石和青铝闪石,硬柱石为较典型的硬柱石。硬柱蓝闪片岩呈(透镜状)构造岩块分布,与围岩呈断层接触,原岩主要为变质玄武岩及少量辉(长)绿岩、基性火山碎屑岩,围岩为变质砂岩、板岩和少量碳酸盐岩。红脊山硬柱蓝闪片岩带伴有构造混杂岩发育,二者共存构成红脊山地区北羌塘甜水河陆块与南羌塘查多岗日陆块之间的分界线。     

卫星照片的线性破裂解译

为了研究大地震发生的地质构造背景,卫照分析是很重要的。我们解译了鄂尔多斯周围和华北地区的卫星照片。共解译出巨、大、中、小各类线性破裂4737条,发现它们的最新活动表现在:1.继承性:即新的破裂沿袭中生代以前的老断裂活动;2.新生性:部分破裂在第三纪特别是第四纪形成。两种表现在卫片影象上都相当清楚。我们认为这些由卫照识别出最新活动断裂与地震活动有一定关系。