Geodatabase版本控制原理剖析

随着地理信息系统的发展及其应用的不断扩大,多用户并发操作、长事务处理以及历史数据回溯管理成为大型空间数据库的基本要求,ESRI在面向对象地理模型(Geodatabase数据模型)中通过版本控制为空间数据库的上述要求提供了有效的解决方案。本文详细分析了Geodatabase版本控制基本原理,为建立、管理大型空间数据库以及研究开发全新面向对象空间数据库管理系统提供参考。     

元数据管理在空间信息共享中的应用

空间信息共享一直以来阻碍着GIS的发展,元数据是解决其共享的技术手段之一。本文在分析元数据和元数据管理存在问题的基础上提出了建立元数据库管理元数据,详细分析了元数据库中元数据定义、元数据查询和元数据编辑这三大管理模块,最后在信息共享平台中,对外建立统一的元数据库访问接口,对内建立针对每个数据源的数据访问引擎,实现实现多源异构分布的空间数据的集成。     

关于我国1957年旧重力基本网的精度与系统转换

简述了原国家重力基本网(57网)的历史和技术要点,详细地分析了57网的各类误差和产生原因,提出了新、旧系统转换的方法。本文研究表明,57网基本点相对观测的实际精度约为±0.06mgal,仪器平均值误差为1.6×10~(-4)。基本点重力值含-13.56mgal的基准误差和1.9×10~(-4)的尺度差,并含有±0.1～0.2mgal的非线性系统误差。对基本点实行新、旧系统转换误差为±0.05mgal,基本不损失其观测精度。     

The Ground Deformation Disaster in the City of Tianjin Associated with the Tangshan Earthquake

In this paper,a study of the principal characteristics of the ground deformation disasters in the city of Tianjin caused by the Tangshan earthquake is based on the results from the recent remeasurements of the geodetic controlling network of Tianjin and from on-site investigations after the earthquake.These results show that only the ground deformation in the Ninghe and Hangu areas near the epicenter reflect directly the co-seismic crustal stress,while the serious ground deformation and the engineering earthquake damages in the urban districts of Tianjin are controlled to a great extent by the local engineering geological structures,showing a kind of secondary disaster.Several suggestions are also proposed in the paper concerning the counter-measures for reducing the earthquake damage in big cities.     

The Mathematic Models of the Kalman Filtering for Across-Fault Measurement

This paper makes a probe into the application of the Kalman filtering method to the data processing of across-fault measurements.On the basis of statistical regression,the mathematic and stochastic models of filtration are established by combining the regression method with Kalman filtering.In the filtering computation,not only the randomness of fault movements but also the time-dependent variation of environmental effects have been taken into consideration.By use of the adaptive filtering method,an estimation of the dynamic noise variance matrix is obtained through iteration.Models for one measuring line(leveling line or baseline),two measuring lines(both leveling lines or both baselines)and four measuring lines(two leveling lines and two baselines)are derived and established systematically.By means of these models,the data of across-fault measurements can be processed dynamically in real-time to provide the filtered values of height difference between benchmarks or baseline length at different time in     

基于启发式图搜索的遥感影像道路半自动提取

启发式图搜索法用于线状目标识别的原理是：用图结构表示边缘点和边缘段，根据启发函数计算顶点权值，在图的路径上建立相应的代价函数，通过在图中搜索对应的最小代价的通道以找到最优路径。图搜索法是一种全局最优方法，它在受噪声影响较大时效果仍然较好。文中使用了启发式图搜索法（A*算法）实现了道路的半自动跟踪。它的基本思路是：首先利用自适应平滑滤波算子进行道路信息增强，然后对传统的道路数学模型进行了进一步的扩展，突出了对道路几何特性和辐射特性的描述，并依此构建图搜索的代价函数，实现了基于启发式图搜索法A*算法的道路半自动跟踪。经实验证明，该方法进行遥感影像的道路半自动提取效果较好。     

虚拟实体生成技术研究

介绍了虚拟实体的定义、研究内容和一个研究实例，并指出了虚拟实体生成研究对测绘保障的意义。     

基于ArcGIS Engine的地理信息数据库管理系统设计与实现

随着社会的发展,空间信息在国土、规划等各领域的应用越来越广泛,且其容量也呈几何级增长,如何安全高效地管理、分发空间数据,成为深入应用地理信息系统功能的必要前提。本文以作者实际工作为基础,介绍了利用ESRI公司最新产品ArcGIS Engine开发包设计实现地理信息数据库管理系统的具体方法。     

中国夏季气候对植被覆盖的影响:1982～2001(英文)

In this paper, we apply lagged correlation analysis to study the effects of vegetation cover on the summer climate in different zones of China, using NOAA/AVHRR normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) data during the time period from 1982 to 2001 and climate data of 365 meteorological stations across China (precipitation from 1982 to 2001 and temperature from 1982 to 1998). The results show that there are positive correlations between spring NDVI and summer climate (temperature and precipitation) in m...     

GPS���ܵ��㶨λ��Ӱ������ʱ������ؼ���ʩ����

??GPS??????λ?????????У?????????????????估???????λ??????????????????????????????????????????λ????????????λ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????伸?ι?????????????????????????????Щ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????