Devonian Sea-Level Change Rhythms in South China and Coupling Relationships Among the Earth-spheres

Twenty orthosequences and their corresponding sea-level change (SLC) cycles have been recognized in the Devonian overlying the Caledonian unconformity, of which 9, 5.5 and 5.5 occurred in the Lower, Middle and Upper Devonian respectively. They can be grouped into 4 orthosequence sets, in which the maximum flooding surfaces lie in the sulcutus Zone (D12), perbonus Zone (D13), Middle and Upper varcus Zone (D22) and gigas Zone (D21) respectively. Four instant palaeogeographical reconstructions of South China have been made in the Emsian and Givetian. Devonian sea-level change rhythms of South China can be divided into 3 categories: the autorhythmic, the worldwide and regional allorhythmic, and the coupling-rhythmic. They developed respectively in the Famennian, Pragian, Eifelian, Lochkovian, Emsian, Givetian, Frasnian and the F / F (between the Frasnian and Famennian) event. The cause of the worldwide allorhythmic SLC of the Pragian and Eifelian under comparatively dry, warm and tranquil conditions may be     

柴达木盆地西部古近系干柴沟组页岩储层特征

岩心观察和岩石薄片鉴定显示,柴达木盆地西部古近系干柴沟组存在层状-非层状泥页岩、层状-非层状灰质泥页岩、泥灰岩、层状-非层状粉砂质泥岩和泥质粉砂岩5种岩相。总有机质含量（TOC）为0.2%~1.4%,有机质以Ⅱ型干酪根为主,普遍处于成熟阶段。泥页岩矿物成分以碎屑石英和粘土矿物为主,并含有不等量的方解石、白云石、长石、黄铁矿等;发育原生孔隙、有机质生烃形成的孔隙、次生溶蚀孔隙、粘土矿物伊利石化体积缩小形成的微孔隙及微裂缝5种页岩气储集空间类型。研究表明,储集空间发育主要受岩相类型、矿物成分、成岩作用、有机碳含量和有机质成熟度的影响。虽然研究区泥页岩中有机质含量普遍较低,但有机质普遍处于成熟阶段,储层中发育多种储集空间类型,并富含脆性矿物和富伊利石的粘土矿物。因此,柴达木盆地西部干柴沟组泥页岩为良好的页岩气储集层,具有一定的页岩气勘探前景。     

白云鄂博超大型稀土矿床成因评述

稀土元素(Y+Sc+La-Lu)作为现代工业的“维生素”,是当今社会重要的战略资源。白云鄂博超大型REE-Nb-Fe矿床位于中国内蒙古,是世界上最大的稀土矿床。因此,该矿床的成岩成矿模式受到全球地质工作者的强烈关注,并对此进行了大量的分析研究工作。以往的工作主要集中在对H8赋矿白云岩全岩年代学和地球化学的研究上,但由于白云鄂博稀土矿床经历了后期复杂的变形变质作用,矿石的结构构造非常复杂,全岩的研究结果造成了对该矿床成岩成矿模式不同的认识和争论。近些年,随着现代地球化学分析技术的快速发展,人们可以直接对白云石和稀土矿物(如独居石、磷灰石、氟碳铈矿等)进行高精度的微区原位同位素组成和原位U-Th-Pb定年分析,从而获得能够明确指示矿物时代、成矿流体和成矿物质来源的重要证据。结合近年来的研究成果,本文总结了目前关于白云鄂博超大型稀土矿床成岩成矿模式的不同认识,提出白云鄂博矿床初始稀土成矿源于中元古代(1.3 Ga)的碳酸岩岩浆活动,后期经历了早古生代的大规模流体作用,矿床中稀土元素发生再活化、富集和沉淀,稀土矿物巨量堆积成矿的新认识。     

东天山觉罗塔格雅满苏花岗岩岩石学、地球化学特征及其板内构造意义

雅满苏花岗岩体由27个侵入体组成,按岩石谱系划分为三个岩相单元,归并为一个超单元,其为同一次岩浆熔融事件过程中曾经发生过三次岩浆侵入活动而形成的椭圆形的深成岩体。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,雅满苏岩体侵位于中三叠世(227~230Ma),为印支中期的产物。来自岩体的锆石原位Hf同位素测定结果表明,ε_(Hf)(t)值变化于7.7~11.5之间,二阶段Hf模式年龄(T_(DM2))变化于530~776Ma之间,表明其岩浆源区均为来源于亏损地幔的新生地壳岩石。该岩体总体富硅(SiO_2为70.73%~78.12%),富碱(K_2O+Na_2O为7.17%~8.53%),富钾(K_2O/Na_2O为1.1~1.89),而Ti、Ca、Fe和Mg含量较低,(K_2O+Na_2O)/Al_2O_3为0.75~0.91,A/CNK为0.98~1.03,属于高钾钙碱性花岗岩。总体上富集大离子亲石元素(LILE)K、Rb和高场强元素(HFSE)Th,但贫Hf、Zr、Sm、Y及Yb,稀土元素的球粒陨石标准化配分曲线呈右倾型,轻重稀土分馏大,轻稀土分异明显,而重稀土分异不显著,铕呈现弱负异常(δEu=0.38~0.74)。岩石学及地球化学特征研究表明,雅满苏岩体形成与幔源岩浆的内侵使得新元古代年轻的地壳物质发生部分熔融有关。岩浆侵入活动的动力来源于海西晚期至印支早期古特提斯洋向北俯冲和碰撞及随后的板内伸展作用。     

流体包裹体在研究柴达木盆地东北缘石炭系页岩油气成藏中的应用

正近年来,流体包裹体已成为常规油气地质领域研究油气成藏期次和时间、成矿流体性质、来源、油气运移充注途径和古地温恢复等方面的关键技术方法(卢焕章等,2004)。目前,流体包裹体并未被广泛应用于的页岩油气藏研究中,主要是因为页岩油气储层中的成岩矿物普遍过于细小,给包裹体的测试带来了极大的困难,困扰了流体包裹体研究在页岩中的发展。但是,以往的研究发现,页岩     

新型KL植物胶无固相环保钻井液体系

以新型KL植物胶开发为例,研究了KL植物胶加量、植物胶钻井液的改性等,并从漏斗粘度、滤失量、粘弹性、润滑性、稳定性及环保性等方面,确定了KL植物胶钻井液的优化方案;介绍了KL植物胶无固相环保钻井液在实际工程中的应用情况。综合研究表明,KL植物胶钻井液体系可作为一种新型的无固相环保钻井液使用。      

2007-2008年千岛湖营养盐时空分布及其影响因素

2007-2008年对千岛湖水体中5个采样点(S1,S3,S4,S8,S9)的总氮、总磷、三态氮、溶解性总磷和可溶性活性磷等进行了不同深度的逐月监测,以研究探讨千岛湖营养盐的时空分布格局.结果表明,两年间总磷、总氮和硝酸盐氮浓度都呈现从上游(S1)至下游(S9)逐渐下降的趋势;2007-2008年汛期(3-7月)位于千岛湖上游新安江干流段的样点S1各种营养盐均为全年最高.但是2007年与2008年营养盐时空分布差异显著.2008年汛期(3-7月),S1的总磷和总氮浓度分别极显著低于和高于2007年同期.相对于2007年,虽然2008年具有更高的温度,但没有增强水体热稳定性.2008年强对流天气一方面通过打破水体热分层和促进水体混合,另一方面通过雨水带来大量的地表营养盐来影响营养盐的分布.汛期高浓度的总磷在1-2个月内平均降低64.4%,最大降低88.6%,显示千岛湖生态系统具有较强的净化能力.分析结果显示千岛湖营养盐时空分布总体格局是由水文、生物以及人类活动等各种因素之间的相互作用所产生的综合效应而形成的,而极端天气能够改变这一格局.     

Evaluation and Driving Force Analysis of Marine Sustainable Development based on the Grey Relational Model and Path Analysis

With the rapid development of the marine economy, the demand for marine resources development and the pressure on marine environmental protection are gradually increasing. It is critical to evaluate and analyze the driving forces of marine sustainable development in order to promote the coordinated development of the marine economy, resources and environment. Taking Jiangsu Province of China as an example, this paper constructs an evaluation index system for marine sustainable development from the three aspects of marine economy, resources and environment, and calculates the weight of the variation coefficient for each indicator. Based on the grey relational model, the average value of the relational degree, calculated by the average value method of correlation coefficients and the weighting method, is then used to evaluate the status of marine sustainable development in this province. The comprehensive index model is used to analyze the dynamic trend of the evolution of marine sustainable development. The driving forces of marine sustainable development are analyzed by the path analysis method combined with the average values of the grey relational degree for each indicator. This analysis found that the marine sustainable development in 2016 and 2012 was good, the situation in 2007 was bad, and the remaining years were intermediate. Compared with the previous years, the optimal conditions of 2008 and 2012 were obvious. The main driving factors of marine sustainable development are cargo throughput of coastal ports, economic losses caused by storm surges in coastal areas, the area of marine nature reserves in coastal areas, coastal wind power generation capacity, and marine biodiversity.     

我国西南地区一次暴雨过程特征及成因

利用卫星云图、多普勒天气雷达资料和高空风等各种天气学资料,对2009年6月8—9日广西、贵州、以及和湖南交界地带的一次暴雨过程进行了综合分析。结果表明,暴雨是由中尺度对流复合体东移、β中尺度强对流云团发展、以及二者合并造成的;地面α中尺度低压带配合α中尺度纬向切变线的生成,为中尺度对流复合体（mesoscale convective complex,MCC）的东移发展、β中尺度强对流云团的发展、以及二者的合并创造了有利条件;地面能量比低值舌的活动是MCC和β中尺度强对流云团生成和发展的触发机制之一;在多普勒雷达径向速度图上,MCC的生成和发展,伴随西南低空急流的建立和维持,大范围的逆风区的生成;MCC的消亡,伴随西南低空急流的减弱和消失,对应西北气流建立和东扩。MCC发展期和β中尺度强对流云团发展期、MCC消散期和β中尺度强对流云团消散期的涡度收支以及视热源和视水汽汇有很大的不同。     

Sulphur and Lead Isotope Compositions of the Dajiangping Deposit in Western Guangdong Province

The Dajiangping pyrite deposit located in the middle sector of the Yunkai uplift in western Guangdong is a stratiform sulphide deposit occurring in Sinian marine clastic and fine clastic rocks. The formation of the deposit was related to submarine exhalation and hot brine deposition. A part of it was reformed by late-stage hydrothermal solution. The δ34S values of pyrite vary from - 25.55‰ to +21.07‰, which are inversely proportional to the content of organic carbon in ore and pyrite. Passing from striped fine-grained pyrite ore to massive coarse-grained pyrite ore, i.e. from south to north, the sulphur isotopic composition changes from the light sulphur-enriched one to the heavy sulphur-enriched one. The lead isotopic composition of striped ore is consistent with that of the country rocks of orebodies and the lead is radiogenic lead derived from the upper crust. The lead isotopic composition of massive ore is relatively homogeneous and its 206Pb/204Pb, 207Pb/204Pb and 208Pb/204Pb ratios are a bit lo