南充市区第四纪沉积物特征及工程对策

本文根据大量实际勘察资料的分析、处理,将南充市区第四纪沉积物划分为4种类型,并探讨各类型沉积物的空间分布特征、物理力学性质;并从持力层的选择、基础类型、基坑支护和地基处理等方面进行了工程对策分析。     

坡顶条形荷载作用边坡潜在滑裂面与稳定性分析

边坡的潜在滑裂面可能不通过坡趾,而是在坡面上某点发生了局部剪切破坏。研究条形荷载作用下边坡的滑裂面位置及其稳定性判识方法,应用M-C线性破坏准则结合极限分析上限定理,建立稳定性系数与多变量的函数,将相关问题转化为含有多变量的数学优化问题并给出最优解。结果表明:边坡的潜在破裂面、稳定性与边坡几何形状、土体物理力学性质、荷载特性等因素有关。     

察尔汉盐湖岩盐物理力学性质的初步研究

察尔汉盐湖是氯化物型的千盐湖。其中将有铁路南北贯穿,以岩盐为主的易溶盐类堆积,形成一种特殊的路基基底。盐湖岩盐的物理力学性质及路基的稳定性,成为多年来众所关心的一个问题。察尔汉盐湖岩盐地层是第四纪晚更新世和全新世的产物,地质年代新,盐层埋藏浅(上层最深23.5米,沿线最深17.7米)未经长期的地质成岩作用,颗粒之间互相连结较弱,不同于一般坚硬的沉积岩;化学沉积,     

盐城市规划区软土分布及工程特征研究

为了解盐城市规划区软土的分布及工程特性,并选择适宜的工程措施解决软土工程问题,本文通过收集资料、钻探、静力触探和土工试验方法,查明了盐城市规划区软土的岩性、空间分布特征,获取了物理力学性质指标,并提出了工程处理措施。     

简述岩石室内试验方法及物理力学指标的关系

岩石的物理性质包括:饱和吸水率、饱和密度、自然吸水率、颗粒密度以及干密度等。通过试验研究某实际水利输水工程的代表性岩样的物理力学性质,得到岩石的物理参数和岩石在饱和水状态下及干燥状态下的泊松比、单轴抗压强度、内摩擦角及弹性模量等力学性质参数。本文通过对试验结果及数据的整理分析,并对岩石不同力学性质参数以及物理性质参数之间的关系进行探讨,明确岩石力学性质参数和物理性质参数之间的关系,旨在为日后相似工程提供数据参考。     

冰力学参数的超声波测试研究

利用非线性高能超声测试设备及超声波(纵波、横波)波速与物体力学参数的关系,对人造冰样进行了冰样力学参数(杨氏模量、泊松比、剪切模量、体积模量)随温度变化的研究。通过MATLAB进行所测数据曲线拟合,得到超声波波速在人造冰样中随温度的变化规律,进而由理论公式推导所测人造冰样力学参数随温度的变化规律。结果表明:冰样中超声波波速随温度降低而升高,冰样的杨氏模量、泊松比、剪切模量、体积模量也都随温度降低而升高。本研究有助于超声波检测法在冰样物理力学性质测量中的应用,为开展南极冰盖、海冰以及终年冻土等力学及流动特性研究提供理论模型和实验数据。     

佛山软土层的工程地质特性及其地基处理方法研究

对佛山地区软土成因及分布进行分析,采用随机取样的方式在佛山市五区范围内抽取49个工程共412件软土样品,结合数值分析方法对样品的物理力学特性进行统计,同时与其他成因软土层进行对比分析最后得出佛山地区软土层的工程地质特性,针对该区软土层的特性提出软土地基的处理方法及建议。     

珠海十字门中央商务区横琴片区地层分布和工程性质特性

本文阐述了珠海十字门中央商务区横琴片区的地层分布和岩土体工程性质特征,提出了岩土层的物理力学参数建议值,并为场地工程建设提出了地基基础处理建议。     

黔东某机场红粘土工程地质特性及评价

以黔东某机场为例 ,探讨了红粘土的基本物理力学性质及工程地质特性 ,并重点探讨了其承载力 ,胀缩特性、结构特性及评价方法。研究表明 ,场区红粘土具有高含水量、高塑性、低膨胀 ,强收缩、中高压缩性、较高承载力的特性 ,总体上是一种良好的天然地基土。但往往受网状裂隙、厚度分布变化剧烈等影响 ,沉降变形大 ,是一种不均匀的地基。     

大型振动台试验相似材料研究

在分析总结近几年岩土工程物理模拟试验中常用的岩质相似材料研究现状的基础上,采用重晶石粉、石英砂、石膏、甘油配制振动台模型试验相似材料,通过不同配比的材料力学试验,考虑相似材料的含水率,分析研究了各种材料含量以及含水率变化对相似材料物理力学性质的影响规律,发现含水率对材料的抗压强度、粘聚力、弹性模量、摩擦角有较大影响,根据试验结果最终确定了振动台试验相似材料配比.试验结果证明,该相似材料力学指标稳定,能很好地满足相似材料的选材要求,便于一次性浇注较大尺寸规模的模型试件,适用于大型振动台等物理模拟试验.     

Constitutive models and salt migration mechanisms of saline frozen soil and the-state-of-the-practice countermeasures in cold regions

A series of saline soil-related problems, including salt expansion and collapse, frost heave and thaw settlement, threaten the safety of the road traffic and the built infrastructure in cold regions. This article presents a comprehensive review of the physical and mechanical properties, salt migration mechanisms of saline soil in cold environment, and the countermeasures in practice. It is organized as follows:(1) The basic physical characteristics;(2) The strength criteria and constitutive models;(3) Water and salt migration characteristics and mechanisms; and(4) Countermeasures of frost heave and salt expansion. The review provides a holistic perspective for recent progress in the strength characteristics, mechanisms of frost heave and salt expansion, engineering countermeasures of saline soil in cold regions. Future research is proposed on issues such as the effects of salt erosion on concrete and salt corrosion of metal under the joint action of evaporation and freeze-thaw cycles.     

Experimental Study on Physical and Mechanical Properties of Gypsum Rock During High-Temperature Dehydration–Hydration Expansion

Natural Resources Research - In order to study the physical and mechanical properties of gypsum rock samples in three states (natural, high-temperature dehydration and hydration time), natural...     

抗腐性氯氧镁水泥混凝土在高寒、高盐渍地区的研究及应用

本文主要介绍了氯氧镁水泥(MOC)混凝土的抗腐性能和在高寒、高盐渍地区工程应用的力学性能变化规律。根据研究发现,砂浆MOC和MOC混凝土经过老卤浸泡后,力学性能没有明显的降低,得到了很好的保留,MOC具有一定的抗盐卤腐蚀性能;从MOC混凝土的路面应用得到MOC混凝土在养护7 d即达到工程强度,满足工程应用标准,且其强度在盐渍地区保持相对稳定,证明了混凝土MOC的工程应用价值及应用于西部高寒和高盐渍地区的潜力和应用前景。     

The biaxial compression mechanical properties of crushed rock

Crushed rock subgrade, as one of the roadbed-cooling methods, has been widely used in the Qinghai-Tibet Railway. Much attention has been paid on the cooling effect of crushed rock; however, the mechanical properties of crushed rock are somehow neglected. Based on the discrete element method, biaxial compression test condition for crushed rock is compiled in FISH language in PFC^2D, and the natural shape of crushed rock is simulated with super particle "cluster". The effect of particle size, crushed rock strength and confining pressure level on overall mechanical properties of the crushed rock aggregate are respectively analyzed. Results show that crushed rock of large particle size plays an essential framework role, which is mainly responsible for the deformation of crushed rock aggregate. The strength of gravel has a great influence on overall mechanical properties which means that strength attenuation caused by the freeze thaw cycles cannot be ignored. The stress-strain curves can be divided into two stages including shear contraction and shear expansion at different confining pressures.     

Numerical simulation of artificial ground freezing in a fluid-saturated rock mass with account for filtration and mechanical processes

This study is devoted to the numerical simulation of the artificial ground freezing process in a fluid-saturated rock mass of the potassium salt deposit. A coupled model of nonstationary thermal conductivity, filtration and thermo-poroelasticity, which takes into account dependence of the physical properties on temperature and pressure, is proposed on the basis of the accepted hypotheses. The considered area is a cylinder with a depth of 256 meters and diameter of 26.5 meters and includes 13 layers with different thermophysical and filtration properties. Numerical simulation was carried out by the finite-element method. It has been shown that substantial ice wall formation occurs non-uniformly along the layers. This can be connected with geometry of the freezing wells and with difference in physical properties. The average width of the ice wall in each layer was calculated. It was demonstrated that two toroidal convective cells induced by thermogravitational convection were created from the very beginning of the freezing process. The effect of the constant seepage flow on the ice wall formation was investigated. It was shown that the presence of the slow flow lead to the delay in ice wall closure. In case of the flow with a velocity of more than 30 mm per day, closure of the ice wall was not observed at all in the foreseeable time.     

Mechanical and Acoustic Emission Characteristics of Coal at Temperature Impact

Natural Resources Research - Coal and rock mass constitute a type of porous medium. This study investigated the influence of temperature impact on the mechanical properties and acoustic emission...     

分光光度法同时测定岩盐中微量Fe2+和Fe3+的研究

研究了在酸性条件下,邻-菲啉分光光度法测定岩盐中微量Fe2+、Fe3+。实验结果表明,铁的质量浓度在0~5μg/mL范围内测得吸光度值与质量浓度之间的关系遵守朗伯—比耳定律,摩尔吸光系数ε=1.1×104L.moL-1.cm-1。Fe2+、Fe3+平均回收率分别为102.47%、100.93%,相对标准偏差分别为2.82%、2.68%(RSD,N=6)。该方法操作简单、灵敏度高、稳定性好、选择性好,用于岩盐中微量Fe2+、Fe3+的测定,结果令人满意。     

东濮凹陷盐湖盆地油气富集规律研究

国内外油气勘探实践表明,含盐盆地的油气富集和分布与盆地内沉积的盐岩密切相关。东濮凹陷是我国东部地区典型的含盐油气富集盆地,作者通过深入研究其地层层序特征及盐岩纵横向分布特点,进一步剖析了盐岩沉积的主要控制因素及其与生储盖层的关系,搞清了含盐盆地油气的分布和富集与盐岩的关系,指出无论在垂向上还是横向上,东濮凹陷盐岩一般都与暗色烃源岩共生,而且盐岩与同期沉积的砂岩表现为长消关系。研究认为盐岩可作为油气上盖或侧向遮挡,与源岩、储集层可组成良好的生储盖配置关系,利于油气富集区带的形成,对构造和隐蔽油气藏的形成都发挥了积极的作用,并指出与盐岩有关的文东北部和胡状集地区是下一步挖潜的有利勘探方向。研究成果也可为国内外同类含盐盆地的油气勘探提供一定的借鉴经验。     

老挝万象盆地通芒地区盐构造特征及成因机制

万象坳陷盆地腹地通芒地区古新世—始新世沉积了巨厚的膏盐岩,塔贡组下盐层钾镁盐矿体呈盐构造,钾镁盐矿体与上覆碎屑岩之间整合接触,在喜马拉雅运动中晚期的强烈挤压与差异载荷等作用下,形成通芒地区狭长形隆起的盐背斜构造。研究表明通芒地区盐构造的成因受多重作用影响,差异负载是通芒地区盐构造初始形成时的动力来源,盐上盖层快速沉降是盐构造生长缓慢的主要原因。强烈的区域挤压作用促进了差异负载、重力作用与浮力作用的进一步发展,所形成的构造样式相对较简单,以发育盐构造初期的盐枕及盐背斜为主。盐构造对于研究钾镁盐体的成因、运动规律和成矿作用具有重要意义。