墨绿色仿翡翠品的宝石学特征

我国玉器市场的繁荣发展,使得玉器优劣并存,导致大量墨绿色“石材”充斥市场,充当翡翠销售.在广东玉器加工批发集散市场上收集了多种墨绿色仿翡翠原料,挑选具有代表性的4件原料进行测试分析.通过宝石显微镜观察、折射率、密度以及红外光谱、X射线粉末衍射、偏光显微镜薄片鉴定等测试方法进行对比研究.该4件样品的密度、折射率与翡翠一致,红外反射光谱与绿辉石非常相似,但其结构特征、矿物组成明显区别于翡翠.综合国标判定,该4件样品均为仿翡翠品.笔者提醒,常规宝石学测试和红外光谱测试不易区分此类制品,而加强基础性研究、提高镜下鉴定能力是防范检测风险的有效途径.     

江西及其邻省东周玉器的工艺和文化对比

江西省东周时期为＂吴头楚尾＂,处于吴越文化及楚文化两大文化圈的交汇地带。以江西省为中心,分析了江西及其邻省东周玉器的工艺特征,了解了吴越玉器及楚地玉器的艺术风格和发展脉络。通过玉觽、玉璜及玉璧三种玉器的对比发现,东周时江西的玉器制造受吴越文化及楚文化的共同影响;同为南方玉文化代表的吴越玉器与楚地玉器不断的交流融合,但仍同中存异：前者细密纤巧,写实与写意相互交映;后者气势张扬,为富于动感的写实风格。     

浅论欧泊的加工

欧泊具有特殊的变彩效应,是一种含水宝石和含有脉石的宝石,具有独特的加工性质,如硬度低、脆性强、怕热、色彩丰富、透明度多样、折射率极低、具有星光和猫眼特殊光学效应等.本文从欧泊的加工性质和品种分类出发,阐述了琢型设计和定向设计,着重探讨了欧泊的加工技巧,即在检查-定位-分割-预型-打磨-抛光加工全过程中自始至终处于冷加工状态,磨机、夹具和磨料之间的协同关系以及各种加工注意事项.最后从定向、琢型、比例、平衡性和抛光修饰度等几个方面探讨了欧泊的切工质量评价标准.     

江苏举办玉器精品展

古玉争辉、新玉斗艳．这是记者在日前开幕的“江苏玉器精品展”上的所见所闻。该展中既有商代、西周的古玉,也有清代的精美玉,更有获得大奖的现代玉器,荟萃了几百件古往今来的玉器佳作,涵盖了中国玉器发展的各个历史时期,也向世人展示了江苏民间古玉与现代玉作的风采。     

中国的玉文化

玉文化作为中华民族的一种文化,历史悠久,内容丰富,载誉古今。 我国考古学者根据距今5000年左右良渚文化和红山文化出土的大量玉器研究提出,中国在石器时代、青铜器时代和铁器时代还存在着一个玉器时代,表明文明的演变在东亚有着独特方式。玉器时代是中国文明起源时代,这是区别于     

绳索取心钻杆螺纹的数控车削加工

分析对比绳索取心钻杆螺纹的普通车削、数控车削加工的方法。论述了数控车削加工螺纹所具有的优点 ,以及切削参数的合理选择     

江西靖安东周墓出土玉器的玉质特征研究

为配合江西省文物考古研究所的出土文物研究,运用宝玉石学、岩石学和物理谱学的理论与资料,采用肉眼观察、宝石显微镜、红外吸收光谱（反射法）、激光拉曼光谱（散射法）、X射线衍射法和环境扫描电子显微镜等无损测试方法对江西靖安李洲坳东周墓的13件出土玉器样品进行了玉质特征鉴定。结果显示,有11件出土玉器样品为透闪石质软玉,2件出土玉器样品为粉砂岩类岩石。同时,还揭示了11件透闪石质软玉玉器的外观特征差异与其玉石成分和质地结构的关系。     

浙江省观赏石资源开发的历史、现状与前景展望

一、开发历史 浙江省观赏石开发历史可以追索到新石器时代中期。在上世纪七十年代发现的距今7000年前的浙东北余姚市河姆渡镇古人类遗址文化层中,就出土有石珠和简单加工的玉器;在距今4000—5000年前的余杭良渚镇古人类文化层中,又出土了玉琮、玉壁、玉钺等玉石制作的礼器,是史前时期浙江观赏石开发历史的开端。     

宝石加工工艺简介（一）

宝石加工工艺简介是陈兴汉高级工程师从事多年的宝石加工工艺研究与实践,并综合国内外有关资料总结编写的《宝石加工工艺学》一书的简要介绍。该书内容丰富,实用性强,具很高的参考价值。本刊将从刻面型宝石、素身型宝石、宝石项链的典型款式加工工艺方法及其常用设备类型和辅件材料等几个方面,陆续摘要刊登,供广大读者参考。     

铀矿标准物质加工制备装置研制

介绍了铀矿标准物质的加工制备装置。实验证明该装置具有加工制备标准物质过程无污染、无粉尘伤害、进出料自动化、成本低、研磨效率高,加工制备的标准物质具有准确代表自然物质性质、粒度合格、均匀性好等特点,完全满足铀矿标准物质的加工制备要求。     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861     

ENGINEERING GEOLOGY

正20141768 An Shaopeng(Institute of Rock and Soil Mechannics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430071,China);Wei Lide Experimental Study on Mechanical Behavior of Xigeda Formation Siltstone and Structure Interface(Journal of Engineering Geology,ISSN1004-9665,CN11-3249/P,21(5),2013,p.702-708,9illus.,1 table,16 refs.)