内蒙古乌拉乌苏－德言其庙地区角闪岩相变质带Sm－Nd同位素等时线年龄及其意义

乌拉乌苏地区的斜长角闪岩和德言其庙地区的斜长角闪岩变质较深,已达角闪岩相,两者在变质程度、空间展布型式以及岩石学、岩石化学和稀土配分型式上都十分相似,二者形成时代相近,应为同一套变质岩系,具有相同的形成环境和构造成因。样品的ε_Nd(t)值反映了它们来源于中等亏损的地幔,稀土元素配分曲线呈平坦型,与之有关的幔源花岗岩在ACF图解中投影在拉张区,具有拉张过渡壳特征。乌拉乌苏斜长角闪岩和德言其庙斜长角闪岩Sm-Nd同位素全岩等时线年龄分别为(607±46)Ma和(638±14)Ma,这表明华北地台北缘中段晚元古代-早古生代经历了拉张解体的演化阶段,Sm-Nd同位素等时线年龄代表了这一拉张解体演化的开始时间。     

河南洛宁太华岩群斜长角闪岩的锆石^207Pb／^206Pb和角闪石^40Ar／^39Ar年龄

运用单颗粒锆石逐层蒸发法和角闪石40Ar/39Ar阶段加热法研究了河南洛宁太华岩群斜长角闪岩的同位素年龄.获得锆石207Pb/206Pb年龄为2675±2 Ma,角闪石40Ar/39Ar坪年龄和等时线年龄分别为2372.98±47.46 Ma和2349.10±46.98 Ma.锆石207Pb/206Pb年龄代表了斜长角闪岩原岩的形成时代,而角闪石40Ar/39Ar年龄则为其变质时代,与Sm-Nd等时线年龄(2351±103Ma)相一致.上述年龄数据表明河南洛宁地区太华岩群形成于新太古代,在古元古代遭受过一次角闪岩相变质作用.     

浙江龙泉八都群斜长角闪岩的Sm-Nd和Rb-Sr年龄测定及其意义

对浙江省龙泉县八都群斜长角闪岩的同位素测定表明，其Sm-Nd内部等时线年龄为521.6±39.8Ma，全岩Rb-Sr法年龄为515．6±18．4Ma。两个年龄值完全一致反映了一次重要变质事件的年龄。它们表明加里东构造运动的早期对浙江龙泉地区产生了重要影响。     

大别核部杂岩中斜长角闪岩的地球化学特征及其地质意义

大别核部杂岩单元中斜长角闪岩的地球化学特征对于认识大别核部杂岩单元的特征及归属有着十分重要的意义。本文对大别核部杂岩单元中斜长角闪岩的岩石地球化学特征及Sm-Nd 同位素特征进行了较系统研究。斜长角闪岩的 Nd亏损地幔模式年龄(t_(DM))有3个不连续年龄段,它们分别为2.50～2.92Ga(平均2.71Ga);1.79～2.47Ga(平均2.14Ga);1.07～1.57Ga(平均1.38Ga)。模式年龄为中元古代、古元古代的斜长角闪岩的等时线年龄分别为1444±180Ma、2220±210Ma,其模式年龄与等时线年龄在误差范围内一致。表明至少模式年龄为元古宙的斜长角门岩的t_(DM)可代表其原岩的近似形成年龄,从而证明大别核部杂岩单元中存在着古元古代、中元古代两期自亏损地幔分异的基性火山岩变质形成的斜长角闪岩。而模式年龄为新太古代的斜长角闪岩,其模式年龄能否代表其形成年龄还需要进一步研究。各期斜长角闪岩在地球化学特征上的差异表现得不明显。通过对其原岩性质研究表明:原岩主要为拉斑玄武岩,少数为钙碱性玄武岩。大别核部杂岩中斜长角闪岩原岩ε_(Nd)(t)反映出大别核部杂岩地区上地幔自古元古代到中元古代一直沿着亏损地幔 Nd 同位素的演化线演化发展,这种性质及演化趋势与扬子北缘及南秦岭早期上地幔 Nd 同位素性质及演化趋势十分     

中国滇西南造山带变质岩的Sm-Nd和Rb-Sr同位素年代学

滇西南造山带的主体由多期变质的岩石单元组成。变质和变形年代的确定是研究它们构造演化的关键之一。哀牢山群和大勐龙群斜长角闪岩分别得到1367Ma和1436Ma的Sm-Nb等时线年龄,这代表了高级角闪岩相的变质时代。它们的形成年龄约为2000～1600Ma。崇山群黑云斜长片麻岩获得了与此相当的1900～1600Ma的Sm-Nd模式年龄。澜沧群的蓝片岩的Sm-Nd等时线年龄为1287Ma,绿片岩的Sm-Nd模式年龄为1300～1200Ma。上述各组岩石还获得了约为1000Ma、500～400Ma、300～180Ma和180～140Ma的几组Rb-Sr等时线或Sm-Nd和Rb-Sr模式年龄,分别代表了后期重要构造事件。     

赣中变质岩带的Sm-Nd、Rb-Sr同位素年代研究

赣中变质岩带主要由斜长(云母)变粒岩、十字石榴云母片岩、云母石英片岩夹斜长角闪岩组成。斜长角闪岩Sm-Nd全岩等时线年龄为1113±19Ma,相当于该变质岩带的原岩形成年龄。ε_(Nd)(t)值为2.4±0.1,说明岩浆起源于亏损程度较低的地幔源区:726.6±1.1Ma、403.1±6.4Ma的Rb-Sr等时线年龄表明赣中地区在新元古代末期、加里东期经历了一次强烈的构造变质热作用,其地质、地球化学特征及时代可与浙闽地区陈蔡群、建瓯群进行对比。因此赣中变质岩带并非长期公认的华南加里东褶皱带,应是华夏地块的一部分,这一事实对华南大地构造单元的划分及构造演化具有重要意义。     

赣中变质岩带的Sm—Nd,Rb—Sr同位素年代研究

赣中变质岩带主要由斜长(云母)变粒岩、十字石榴云母片岩、云母石英片岩夹斜长角闪岩组成。斜长角闪岩Sm-Nd全岩等时线年龄为1113±19Ma,相当于该变质岩带的原岩形成年龄。ε_(Nd)(t)值为2.4±0.1,说明岩浆起源于亏损程度较低的地幔源区:726.6±1.1Ma、403.1±6.4Ma的Rb-Sr等时线年龄表明赣中地区在新元古代末期、加里东期经历了一次强烈的构造变质热作用,其地质、地球化学特征及时代可与浙闽地区陈蔡群、建瓯群进行对比。因此赣中变质岩带并非长期公认的华南加里东褶皱带,应是华夏地块的一部分,这一事实对华南大地构造单元的划分及构造演化具有重要意义。     

华北地台北缘中段新元古代地块的pTt轨迹及构造演 …

内蒙古温都尔庙至白乃庙一带分布了一系列的中新元古代地块,其变质程度均已达到角闪岩相,是研究华北地台北缘中段中新凶古代构造演化的主要对象,通过对白乃庙群,乌拉乌苏斜长角闪岩地层和德言其庙岩系等不同时代典型地块的岩石组合特征和ｐＴｔ轨迹的对比研究发现,这些地块主要是拉张条件下板底垫托作用过程中形成的,与表壳岩系的绿片岩相岩石组合特征相一致,分别找表了同一拉张构造环境中不同构造层次的产物,反映了华北地台     

大别山双河超高压变质矿物Ｏ同位素平衡及其对Sm-Nd和Rb-Sr等时线年龄有效性的制约

对大别造山带双河超高压榴辉岩和片麻岩Sm-Nd和Rb-Sr等时线矿物进行了O同位素地质测温。尽管Sm-Nd等时线给出一致的三叠纪年龄(213~238 Ma)，同一样品Rb-Sr等时线却给出侏罗纪年龄(171~174 Ma)。片麻岩、榴辉岩和榴闪岩矿物对O同位素测温得到600~720℃和420~550℃两组温度，分别对应于约225±5 Ma榴辉岩相变质和约175±5 Ma角闪岩相退变质条件下停止同位素扩散交换的温度。同一样品三叠纪Sm-Nd等时线年龄的保存、侏罗纪Rb-Sr等时线年龄的出现以及有规律的O同位素温度，表明在角闪岩相退变质过程中，Sr和O在含水矿物（如黑云母和角闪石）中的扩散速率在手标本尺度上比石榴石Nd和多硅白云母Sr的扩散速率快。     

内蒙古西北部宝音图群Sm—Nd和Rb—Sr地质年代学研究

内蒙古西北部的宝音图群由角闪岩相的变质地层组成。该群中斜长角闪片岩的Sm-Nd全岩等时线年龄为2485±128Ma,可代表宝音图群的形成年龄。等时线的ε_(Nd)(t)值为2.73±2.81,说明岩浆来源于亏损的地幔源区。相同样品的Rb-Sr全岩等时线年龄为623±36Ma,显然反映后期Rb-Sr体系重新均一化的强烈影响,因此该年龄被解释为变质年龄。上述结果表明宝音图群形成于古元古代早期,应属华北板块北缘已知的最古老岩石地层单位,并保留了新元古代末期构造—变质事件的记录。这些认识有助于查明华北板块北缘元古宙构造演化的历史。     

华中榴辉岩带地球化学和年代学研究

根据地质产状，华中高压超高压变质带中的榴辉岩可划分为与超基性岩伴生的P类和与片麻岩、斜长角闪岩等伴生的G类。它们具有不同的地球化学特征，但均为大洋基性火成岩经复杂成分演化作用的产物。全岩-矿物Sm－Nd和颗粒锆石207Pb-206Pb年代学研究表明，超高压变质作用很可能发生在加里东期（480Ma）；而印支期（265Ma）则可能是超高压变质岩的后期高压退变质改造阶段。     

阴山东段先寒武变质岩的Rb-Sr年代

采自阴山东段先寒武变质岩的全岩样品给出四个等时线年龄。下部集宁群为2497±124Ma;上部乌拉山群为2367±127Ma;上部二道洼群给出两个年龄:2067±39Ma和325±16Ma。据此认为,2.5Ga前发生了麻粒岩化;2.35Ga前发生混合岩化;2.0Ga和0.33Ga前有变质事件叠加。     

Petrogenesis of Eclogites in the Light of Punctuated Metamorphic Evolution in Dabie Terrane，China

Ｐｅｔｒｏｇｅｎｅｓｉｓ　ｏｆ　Ｅｃｌｏｇｉｔｅｓ　ｉｎ　ｔｈｅ　Ｌｉｇｈｔ　ｏｆ　ＰｕｎｃｔｕａｔｅｄＭｅｔａｍｏｒｐｈｉｃ　Ｅｖｏｌｕｔｉｏｎ　ｉｎ　Ｄａｂｉｅ　Ｔｅｒｒａｎｅ，Ｃｈｉｎａ￥ＹｏｕＺｈｅｎｄｏｎｇ；ＨａｎＹｕｊｉｎｇ；ＺｈｏｎｇＺ...     

Rb/Sr record of fluid-rock interaction in eclogites: The Marun-Keu complex, Polar Urals, Russia

Rb/Sr internal mineral isochrons in the eclogite facies Marun-Keu metamorphic complex, Polar Urals, Russia, date periods of fluid-rock interaction and record the metamorphic reaction history. The Marun-Keu complex consists of Late Proterozoic to Early Ordovician, mostly igneous rocks that experienced a subduction-related, non-pervasive eclogite facies metamorphism, followed by a local decompression-related amphibolite facies overprint, during the Uralian orogeny. Field observations show that metamorphic reactions as well as ductile deformation are controlled by local availability of a free fluid phase. Isotopic data reveals that availability of fluids similarly exerts control on isotope distribution. From a relic gabbro which has never been infiltrated by free fluids, a premetamorphic Rb/Sr age of 467 ± 39 Ma was obtained. Rb/Sr isochron ages for 14 samples of eclogite and amphibolite facies assemblages, sampled from within or close to metamorphic fluid veins, range from 352 ± 5 Ma to 360 ± 3 Ma. A Sm/Nd isochron for a metagranite yields an age of 354 ± 4 Ma. Taken together, the ages for both prograde and retrograde metamorphic assemblages overlap within analytical uncertainty and yield an average value of 355.5 ± 1.4 Ma, indicating that the metamorphic evolution and incipient exhumation of the Marun-Keu complex proceeded rapidly. The results demonstrate that assemblages preserve their Rb/Sr isotopic signatures as long as they remain devoid of free fluids, and that only fluid-rock interaction may cause Sr isotope redistribution. In addition, the data suggest local fluid-rock equilibrium, low fluid-rock ratios with overall fluid deficiency, and limited fluid mobility at depth. However, some fluids must have been mobile on the km-scale since they can be traced into the suprasubduction zone mantle wedge. Metasomatic veins in the Rai-Iz ophiolite yield a Rb/Sr mineral isochron age of 373.1 ± 5.4 Ma. They are interpreted as evidence for suprasubduction zone metasomatism in an oceanic setting, prior to subduction of the East European margin and associated formation of eclogites in the Marun-Keu complex.We propose that Rb/Sr mineral-isochron ages provide hygrochronological rather than thermochronological constraints. They define the cooling history only in combination with zircon and apatite fission track data. The straightforward interpretation of Rb/Sr mineral ages as cooling ages is obsolete.     

贺兰山——阿拉善地区下、中前寒武系的划分对比及其变质、成矿作用特征

据近期成果,贺兰山—阿拉善地区出露的巨厚变质杂岩可划分为中太古界贺兰山群和叠布斯格群(其全岩Rb—Sr等时年龄为3108.3和3218.8Ma),上太古界阿拉善群和下元古界的赵池沟群、阿拉坦敖包群;它们具不同的变质矿物共生组合,太古界变质岩属低压高温变质的麻粒岩相;下元古界为低—低中压区域动力(热流)变质的绿片岩相岩石。太古界有较强的混合岩化、花岗岩化作用,并蕴藏有铁、石墨、矽线石、刚玉等多种矿产。     

北秦岭榴辉岩及相关岩石年代学的进一步确定及其对板片俯冲属性的约束

在岩相学观察和锆石CL图像研究的基础上,利用LA ICP MS原位分析方法,对北秦岭官坡超高压榴辉岩和伴生的石榴石角闪岩(榴闪岩)进行了详细的锆石微区微量元素和U Th Pb同位素分析,在榴辉岩样品中得到变质年龄为(502±11)Ma,原岩结晶年龄>(657±18)Ma;在榴闪岩样品中得到原岩结晶年龄为(791±6)Ma,变质年龄为487~503 Ma,角闪岩相退变质年龄为(366±4)Ma。岩石地球化学研究显示,北秦岭官坡地区的榴闪岩具有低Si(SiO2质量分数为4916%~5078%),高Ti(TiO2质量分数为228%~283%)、富集LREE、LILE和大部分的HFSE元素,不显Nb、Ta负异常的板内玄武岩特征,与北秦岭超高压榴辉岩地球化学特征一致。结合两者的野外产状、岩相学特征、锆石形貌和年代学研究结果,表明本文研究的官坡地区的榴闪岩是超高压榴辉岩在抬升过程中在角闪岩相条件下退变质的产物。综合两者的年代学研究结果,得到北秦岭地区超高压榴辉岩的变质年龄为(502±11)Ma,原岩结晶年龄为(791±6)Ma,角闪岩相退变质年龄为(366±4)Ma。研究得到的(502±11)Ma的榴辉岩相变质年龄与前人得到的该榴辉岩围岩超高压泥质片麻岩的变质年龄(507±38)Ma以及北秦岭松树沟地区的超高压长英质片麻岩的变质年龄485~514 Ma一致,表明它们经历了同期超高压变质作用。而且,榴辉岩(502±11)Ma的变质年龄与其原岩的结晶年龄(791±6)Ma存在近300 Ma的时间间隔,表明原岩具有板内玄武岩性质的北秦岭官坡超高压榴辉岩不可能是秦岭古生代大洋板块深俯冲的产物,而可能是已构造就位的古洋壳或裂谷火山岩在古生代随陆壳一起发生大陆深俯冲作用的产物。     

Geochronology of fluid-induced eclogite and amphibolite facies metamorphic reactions in a subduction–collision system,Bergen Arcs,Norway

Rb–Sr multimineral isochron data for metamorphic veins allow to date separate increments of the mineral reaction history of polymetamorphic terranes. Granulite facies rocks of the Lindås nappe, Bergen Arcs, Norway, were subducted and exhumed during the Caledonian orogeny. The rocks show petrographic evidence for two distinct events of local fluid infiltration and vein formation, along fractures and shear zones. The first occurred at eclogite facies (15–21 kbar, 650–750°C) and a later one at amphibolite facies conditions (8–10 kbar, 600°C). The presence of fluids enabled local metamorphic equilibration only near fluid pathways. In fluid-absent domains, preexisting assemblages were metastably preserved. This resulted in a heterogeneity of metamorphic signatures on meter to μm-scales. Well-preserved granulite facies rocks preserve their Proterozoic Rb–Sr mineral ages, as does the U–Pb system of zircon in most lithologies. Six Rb/Sr multimineral isochron ages for eclogite facies veins and their immediate wallrocks date the fluid-induced eclogitization at 429.9 ± 3.5 Ma (2σ, weighted average, MSWD = 0.39). An eclogite facies vein has yielded metamorphic zircon with concordant U–Pb ages of 429 ± 3 Ma, identical to the U–Pb age of 427.4 ± 0.9 Ma for zircon xenocrysts in an amphibolite facies vein. Seven Rb/Sr mineral isochron ages date amphibolite-facies fluid infiltration at 414.2 ± 2.8 Ma (MSWD = 1.5), an age value testifying to residence of the rocks in the deep orogenic crust at temperatures >600°C for nearly 15 Ma. The new data show that Rb–Sr mineral isochron ages effectively date fluid-induced (re)crystallization events rather than stages of cooling. The direct link between isotopic ages and distinct petrographic equilibrium assemblages aids to constrain the evolution of rocks in the P–T-reaction-time space, which is essential for understanding exhumation histories and the internal dynamics of orogens in general.     

Isotopic Geochronology of the Late Paleozoic Kanggur Gold Deposit of East Tianshan Mountains, Xinjiang, NW China

Abstract: The Kanggur gold deposit lies in East Tianshan mountains, eastern section of Central Asia orogenic belt. The gold mineralization occurs on the northern margin of the Aqishan‐Yamansu Paleozoic island arc in the Tarim Plate. It was hosted mainly in Middle‐Lower Carboniferous calc‐alkaline volcanic rocks, and controlled by the distributions of syn‐tectonic intrusions and ductile shear zones. In order to determine ore‐forming age of the Kanggur deposit, samples were collected from ores, wall rocks, altered rocks and intrusions. The dating methods include Rb‐Sr isochron and Sm‐Nd isochron, and secondly ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar age spectrum, U‐Pb and Pb‐Pb methods. Based on the mineral assemblage and crosscutting relationship of ore veins, five mineralization stages are identified. This result is confirmed by isotope geochronologic data. The first stage featuring formation of pyrite‐bearing phyllic rock, is mineralogically represented by pyrite, sericite and quartz with poor native gold. The Rb‐Sr isochron age of this stage is 2905 Ma. The second stage represents the main ore‐forming stage and is characterized by native gold–quartz–pyrite–magnetite–chlorite assemblage. Magnetite and pyrite of this stage are dated by Sm‐Nd isochron at 290.47.2 Ma and fluid inclusion in quartz is dated by Rb‐Sr isochron at 282.35 Ma. The third mineralization stage features native gold–quartz–pyrite vein. In the fourth stage, Au‐bearing polymetallic sulfide‐quartz veins formed. Fluid inclusions in quartz are dated by Rb‐Sr isochron method at 25821 Ma. The fifth stage is composed of sulfide‐free quartz–carbonate veins with Rb‐Sr age of 2547 Ma. The first and second stages are related to ductile‐brittle deformation of shear zones, and are named dynamo‐metamorphic hydrothermal period. The third to fifth stages related to intrusive processes of tonalite and brittle fracturing of the shear zones, are called magmato‐hydrothermal mineralization period. The Rb‐Sr isochron age of 2905 Ma of the altered andesite in the Kanggur mine area may reflect timing of regional ductile shear zone. The Rb‐Sr isochron age of 28216 Ma of the quartz‐syenite porphyry and the zircon U‐Pb age of 2757 Ma of tonalite in the north of Kanggur gold mine area are consistent with the age of gold mineralization (290‐254 Ma). This correspondence indicates that the tonalite and subvolcanic rocks may have been related to gold mineralization. The Rb–Sr, Sm‐Nd and U‐Pb ages and regional geology support the hypothesis that the Kanggur gold deposit was formed during collisional orogenesis process in Late Variscan.     

从Rb—Sr及K—Ar年龄测定讨论某些前寒武系及中生代火山岩地层的时代

近几年来,为配合寻找富铁矿及其他科研任务,对冀东、辽东、豫西、川西等地的前寒武系,及庐枞、宁芜、繁昌和浙西等地的中生代火山岩地层进行了同位素年龄测定和研究。在所内外的大力支持协助下,进行了野外观察和采样,同时接受了所内外兄弟单位送来的样品及有关地层资料。我们对这些样品进行了同位素年龄测定。冀东、辽东、豫西和川西前寒武纪地层的样品,主要用Rb-Sr全岩等时线法,其中对川西的样品并用了少数K-Ar法。对庐枞、宁芜、繁昌和浙西的中生代地层样品,主要用K-Ar法。对浙西的个别样品并用了Rb-Sr全岩等时线法。对测定得到的部分年龄数据,以前曾以不同方式报道。