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一九二○年十二月十六日,在我国西北地区发生了震惊中外的海原8.5级大震,至今已经六十年了。六十年来,海原大震在我国地震学史上一直占有着重要地位,它与我国现代地震学的发展密切相关。今适逢六十花甲,我们纪念它,不是没有意义的。一、我国现代地震科学的发展,是从海原大震开始的。 相似文献
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根据人工地震、重力、地质、航磁、大地电磁测深、地震活动及地球化学资料,研究了1920年海原大地震与构造的关系。结果表明:海原断层实际是深度不超过10km的铲状逆掩推覆断层,而海原大震的震源深度为15-20km,因此,海原断层与该次大震的发生无关。海原大地震的发生既与延至软流层顶部的近NS向和近EW向的构造有关,也与软流层的物质活动有关。海原断层上的各种地震形变为地震诱发的产物。 相似文献
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1927年5月23日发生的古浪8级大震距今已有60年了。这是继1920年海原8.5级大震之后在甘肃发生的又一次震惊世界的8级大震。这次地震与海原大地震仅相隔6年半的时间,两个地震的极震区仅相距100余公里,在这么短的时间内,在这么短的距离上连续发生两次特大地震,这在我国地震史上是十分罕见的。 相似文献
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本文中,作者简要简述了海原大震的震害分布特点,指出了场地条件对震害分布的巨大影响。结合国内外其他大震,分析了大震时烈度的远场效应以及产生这种效应的机制。根据海原等8级以上大震的特点,从预报、区划和场地选择、规划工程以及抗震救灾等方面提出了特大地震的防震减灾对策。 相似文献
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2020年是海原大地震过去的第100年。利用文献计量学方法,以CNKI数据库为数据源,采用Bicomb和Excel作为分析工具,对我国海原地震研究队伍及成果产出的发展特点和现状予以统计分析,以期为该领域的相关研究和决策提供参考。研究发现,我国学者对于海原地震一直有所关注,但发文总量不多;发文量最多的期刊是《地震工程学报》;资助文献数量最多的是国家自然科学基金和地震科学联合基金;主要产出机构是中国地震局兰州地震研究所和中国地震局地质研究所;海原地震研究的主要研究热点和方向包括古地震研究、黄土滑坡形成机制与运动特征、震源机制解、活动断裂带特征、灾后重建与赈灾考等。 相似文献
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Li Songlin Zhang Xiankang Zhang Chengke Ren Qingfang Shi Jinhu Zhao Jinren Fang Shengming Liu Baofeng Pan Suzhen Zhang Jianshi 《中国地震研究》2001,15(3):230-238
INTRODUCTIONXIJI-Halyuan-Zhon驯el region Is a well-known eaythquake-prone one In China.From 876 to1989,IOrty-five earthquakes with M。34.7 occurred In and around the。glon(Ma Xingyuan,et al,1989).Seismic activity In this area Is evidently cha。cterized by large matlnltude and high frequency.The 1920 Haiyuan earthquake(M=8.5)happened nght In this region,which caused a seriousdisaster and had a wide-ranging effect seldom seen worldwide.For the years,lots of… 相似文献
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Ran Hong-liu 《地震学报(英文版)》2004,17(6):671-677
In recent years, some researchers have studied the paleoearthquake along the Haiyuan fault and revealed a lot of paleoearthquake
events. All available information allows more reliable analysis of earthquake recurrence interval and earthquake rupture patterns
along the Haiyuan fault. Based on this paleoseismological information, the recurrence probability and magnitude distribution
for M≥6.7 earthquakes in future 100 years along the Haiyuan fault can be obtained through weighted computation by using Poisson
and Brownian passage time models and considering different rupture patterns. The result shows that the recurrence probability
of M
S≥6.7 earthquakes is about 0.035 in future 100 years along the Haiyuan fault.
Foundation item: Joint Seismological Science Foundation of China (103034) and Major Research “Research on Assessment of Seismic Safety” from
China Earthquake Administration during the tenth Five-year Plan. 相似文献
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Earthquake probabilities and magnitude distribution (M ≥ 6.7) along the Haiyuan fault, northwestern China 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
冉洪流 《地震学报(英文版)》2004,17(6)
Introduction Haiyuan fault is a major seismogenic fault in north-central China. One of the most devastat-ing great earthquake in the 20th century occurred near Haiyuan in northwestern China on Decem-ber 16, 1920. More than 220 000 people were killed and thousands of towns and villages weredestroyed during the devastating earthquake. A 230 km long left-lateral surface rupture zone wasformed along the Haiyuan fault during the earthquake with maximum left-lateral displacement of10 m. Pale… 相似文献
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It is deduced on the basis of field investigation that the total length of the stratigraphic fault associated with the great
Haiyuan 8.5 magnitude earthquake of 1920 was 225 km. This fault was formed by 6 secondary faults with different geometric
parameters, which align regularly inen echelon arrangement. Each secondary fault can be divided into three segments with different characteristics of deformation where
the middle segment was mainly of the horizontal strike—slip fault while another two segments the vertical deformation as shown
by the features of reverse or normal faults. It is also shown by the data of vertical and horizontal displacements that the
horizontal displacement approached a maximum at the middle segment for each secondary fault and gradually decreased toward
and finally disappeared at both ends of each segment while in contrast the vertical displacement was minimum at the middle
and became large at both ends of the segment. The feature of the multiple peaks appeared in the deformation as shown by the
earthquake displacements along the whole fault. This feature indicates that the 6 secondary faults associated with the great
Haiyuan earthquake were the horizontal interrupted planes (i.e., dislocation surface) which were independent on each other, and hence each dislocation surface may represent an independent
secondary fracture event of the earthquake. We thus think that the 6 relatively independent secondary events which occurred
successfully might result in the great 8.5 magnitude Haiyuan earthquake.
The Chinese version of this paper appeared in the Chinese edition ofActa Seismologica Sinica,13, 21–31, 1991.
This project is sponsored by the Chinese Joint Seismological Science Foundation. 相似文献
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大地震的发生会引起区域位移场和应力场发生变化,进而改变区域内及临近断层的应力状态和地震活动性.目前,研究学者可据已有的断层滑动模型来计算分析大地震同震应力变化,同时采用库仑应力触发理论来进一步分析震后余震分布和断层危险性.然而,历史上曾经发生过不少大地震,例如,1920年的海原MS8.5大地震,是全球范围内少见的特大地震之一.局限于无确切的地震台站地震波等资料,前人在研究历史地震的影响时往往给出一些简单的断层滑动模型,将断层面上错动量视为均匀分布.为更准确地了解历史地震对后续地震的影响,基于前人研究和一般地震滑动形态分布规律及地震反射剖面等资料,以海原MS8.5大地震为例,探讨了如何建立海原大地震断层滑动模型,并分别搭建了简单断层滑动模型和复杂断层滑动模型的全球同震横向不均匀并行椭球型地球模型.通过对海原MS8.5地震的同震位移场和应力场的计算,发现采用复杂断层滑动模型比简单断层滑动模型地表位错分布更切合实际.同时,进一步计算和分析了此次大地震对青藏高原东北缘近100年历史地震和周围断层的应力触发作用,得出断层滑动模型对同震计算结果的影响集中在发震断层附近而对远场影响较小. 相似文献
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1920年12月16日在宁夏海原地区发生了8.5级大地震。100年来,海原及周边地区地震活动水平仍然较高。利用甘肃、宁夏区域测震台网记录的三分向宽频带数字波形资料,基于CAP方法(Cut and Paste Method)反演了宁夏海原及周边地区2010年1月至2019年12月间M>3.0的16次中小地震的震源机制解。结果显示,海原地区震源机制解以走滑型及走滑兼逆冲型为主,主压应力P轴主要集中在NE向,与区域主压应力方向有较好的对应。通过与哈佛大学中强地震震源机制结果、P波初动地震震源机制结果对比发现,该地区的中小地震震源机制的反演结果与强震震源机制结果有较好的一致性,结果比较可信,表明中小地震震源机制的结果也可以较好地用于区域构造应力场的研究。未来随着烈度速报与预警工程项目的建成,地震台站密度的大幅增加,地震定位精度与台站分布将会得到明显改善,对中小地震震源机制解反演及结果的深入研究具有更加重要的科学意义。 相似文献