电热石墨炉原子吸收法测定贵金属(四)岩石矿物中超痕量钯的测定

本文提出了用0.5mlN-正辛基苯胺-间二甲苯萃取测定岩石矿物中超痕量钯的电热石墨炉原子吸收分析方法。对萃取剂的性能、萃取钯的条件,其它离子的干扰情况以及在HGA-500型石墨炉中测定钯的最佳条件进行了研究。样品用盐酸、过氧化氢分解后,溶液进行萃取,直接测定有机相。大量的其它离子不干扰测定,为钯的定量测试提供了简便、高灵敏的方法。灵敏度为5.5pg,可检测0.0001g/t的钯。对含钯量为0.002g/t的矿物重复溶样测定11次,其标准偏差为4.9％。     

Study of charge structure and radiation characteristic of intracloud discharge in thunderstorms of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

The comprehensive observations on lightning discharges were conducted in Naqu area of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in summer of 2002. The electric structures of thunderstorms and the characteristics of lightning discharges at initial stage were analyzed by using the observation data. The results show that most of intracloud (IC) lightning flashes were polarities inverted in thunderstorms with tripole electric charge structure and occurred between negative charge region located in the middle of the thunderstorm and positive charge region located at the bottom of the thunderstorm. The radiation characteristics of discharge processes in cloud with longer lasting time involved in Cloud-to-Ground (CG) lightning flashes were similar to that of IC discharges.A lot of radiation pulses were produced in these discharge processes. Because the IC discharges took place at the bottom of thundercloud and were near the ground, they may produce more serious damage to equipment on the ground therefore should not be neglected in lightning protection.     

Sedimentary environment and development controls of the hydrocarbon source beds:Middle and Upper Proterozoic in northern North China

Problem on development control of marine source bed hold in Chinese petroleum industry progression. The Hongshuizhuang Formation,Tieling Formation and Xiamaling Formation in the Middle and Upper Proterozoic are important hydrocarbon source beds in northern North China, and investigation of their sedimentary environments and the controls has great significance for petroleum exploration in North China. Based on sedimentology (sequence stratigraphy), palaeoecology, sedimentary geochemistry, and sedimentary palaeogeography, their development pattern is discussed. All these studies indicate that the development controls of the hydrocarbon source beds include a favorite palaeogeographic location, exceeding propagation of biomes in low and middle latitudes, anoxic environments, enrichment of phosphorus element and the adsorption of clay minerals during the preservation of organic matter in the marine carbonates.     

The Lanmuchang Tl deposit and its environmental geochemistry

Tl is a dispersed element and it seldom occurs in the form of independent minerals.The world annual production of Tl is about 13 ton, most of which is by-product separated from non-ferrous metal products. Lanmuchang is the only large-size independent Tl deposit in the world. Bio-enrichment and hydrothermal reworking are the two important metallogenic mechanisms of this Tl deposit. Samples of plant and animal organs and villagers’ urine as well as hair and nail (toenail) samples from the Tl mining district were analyzed. Analytical results showed that the contents of Tl, Hg and As are high, suggesting that the residents and villagers in the mining district have been affected by Tl-Hg pollution, and on the other hand, they can serve as the guidelines for ore prospecting. The contents of Tl, Hg, and As in human beings and other organic bodies depend largely on the background values of these metals in rock, ore, soil and water.     

沙坡头没蒿和柠条叶片δ13C 和 N 含量的季节变化特征

通过对腾格里沙漠东南缘沙坡头人工固沙区油蒿和柠条叶片稳定碳同位素分辨率（△）和N 含量的测定，研究了不同种植方式下油蒿和柠条叶片△ 和 N 含量的季节变化及其关系。结果表明：在不同种植方式下，两种植物的△ 与 N 含量在不同月份之间均存在显著差异。油蒿叶片 △ 极显著高于柠条的：在不同种植方式下，油蒿单种下 △ 显著高于混种，柠条则反之。 油蒿叶片 N 含量极显著低于柠条的：不同种植方式下柠条叶片 N 含量无显著差异，而单种油蒿叶片 N 含量则显著低于混种。在 △ 与 N 含量的关系中，柠条叶片 △ 与 N 在两种生境、单种和混种下均极显著正相关，雨明柠条叶片 N 含量可以作为其 △ 与 N 含量的季节变化及其关系在不同微生境有所差异。     

钢筋混凝土管桩反射波法的三维有限元分析

对桩-土系统用三维有限元模型和Wilson- 直接积分法计算钢筋混凝土管桩顶面的瞬态动力响应,并由此分析了管桩顶面不同测点的反射波信号特征及其与桩身缺陷的对应规律。计算结果表明：管桩顶部波传播的三维效应对桩身浅部局部缺陷深度的判断有较大的影响,所得结论对由反射波法检测管桩全截面断裂和局部缺陷以及传感器的合理布置有较大的指导作用。     

广州市汽车服务业布局实证研究

以广州市为研究区域,在总结汽车服务业发展历程的基础上,通过实证分析,认为经过20多年的发展,目前广州市汽车服务业的空间布局特征明显,在全市不同地域空间分布不均衡,在各个区的分布也存在明显数量差异;集聚趋势显著,大部分沿城市干道分布。影响广州市汽车服务业布局的因素主要有土地成本、市场、历史、关联产业、集聚效益、政府决策6个方面。     

基于等高线构建TIN模型的平三角形修正算法

设计了一种平三角形修正算法来修正TIN模型中可能出现的平三角形区域。该算法通过对由平三角形组成的区域进行分类,并针对不同的平区域采用交换边、增加点甚至不处理的修正方法,同时对由于等高线数据错误产生的一些特殊情况进行了分析处理。实验结果表明,该算法能够去除约束型狄洛尼三角网中所有应修正的平三角形,并生成对地形描述更为精确的三角网。     

FHD分量核旋仪观测系统的抗干扰技术

空间电磁波干扰和电源高频谐波干扰是分量核旋仪观测系统的主要干扰源;分量核旋仪观测系统的探头、分量线圈、供电系统及通信线路是主要的干扰途径。作者着重对干扰途径进行了分析,提出了观测系统的抗干扰措施,并分别对探头及信号输入通道、分量线圈、供电系统、通信线路、仪器电路、仪器控制软件进行了全方位的抗干扰设计,新设计提高了分量核旋观测系统的抗干扰能力。