台湾海峡蓝圆鲹的食性研究

本文材料系1965年，1977年，1988年至1989年台湾海峡灯光围网、拖山网的渔获物。采用个体百分比（N），重量百分比（W），出现频率（F），出现频率百分比，胃饱满系数，类群更替率等指标进行分析，并根据3个指标，计算了相对重要性指标。蓝圆鲹食性广泛，主要食料有桡足矣、小型鱼类、糠虾类、长尾类和短尾类等。幼鱼食料以桡足类最为重要，成鱼食料则以鱼类为重要。蓝圆鲹摄食强度有明显的季节变化。周年摄食强度呈双峰型，高峰期正好比两个产卵期迟1个月，说明蓝图鲹生殖后强烈摄食。幼鱼摄食强度昼夜变化明显，以黄昏和黎明摄食较强烈。蓝图鲹主要饵料生物的高生物量区，可作为寻找中心渔场的良好生物学指标之一，这在生产实践中有重要意义。     

移动环境中居民地综合算法的应用

手持设备自身的限制及无线网络环境的特点,要求地图在许多方面进行改革以适应新的技术条件。制图综合作为地图生产与制作的重要环节,是当前移动环境下地图应用必须面临的问题。本文以居民地综合算法为例,探讨了部分算法在移动环境中的执行效率,并进行了可用性验证。尝试将移动环境中用户位置以及用户的当前任务等上下文信息用于综合算法中,设计以用户位置及当前任务为中心的实时制图综合算法,最后以案例证明了算法的可用性。     

海南岛西北部莲花山周缘海相地层的区内对比及意义

根据岩性、产状和地貌等特征,对海南岛西北部莲花山周缘海岸出露的前全新世海相地层5个典型剖面进行区内对比,以恢复该套地层的产出序列,并推测海相地层的分布范围。结合海相地层的沉积时代和莲花山周缘海岸的地貌特征,探讨了该海岸带的地貌演化过程:中更新世以前,有河流自东南向西北经德义岭、莲花山入海,海相地层沉积区属于滨岸环境,是该海岸带当时受海水进退作用的主要区域,接受着波浪从北面、河流从南面带来的沉积物;中更新世至今,受雷琼地区火山活动的影响,河流被隆起的火山锥阻挡而截流或改道,海相地层沉积区则被抬升成为陆地,并在全新世海岸侵蚀作用下,形成了现今宽广的海蚀平台,海岸后退平均速率约为10 cm/a。     

Spatiotemporal heterogeneity and influencing mechanism of ecosystem services in the Pearl River Delta from the perspective of LUCC

Journal of Geographical Sciences - Land use/land cover change (LUCC) has considerable impact on ecosystem services. It is essential to quantify the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of ecosystem...     

Chinese progress in geomorphometry

Geomorphometry, the science of digital terrain analysis (DTA), is an important focus of research in both geomorphology and geographical information science (GIS). Given that 70% of China is mountainous, geomorphological research is popular among Chinese scholars, and the development of GIS over the last 30 years has led to significant advances in geomorphometric research. In this paper, we review Chinese progress in geomorphometry based on the published literature. There are three major areas of progress: digital terrain modelling methods, DTA methods, and applications of digital terrain models (DTMs). First, traditional vector- and raster-based terrain modelling methods, including the assessment of uncertainty, have received widespread attention. New terrain modelling methods such as unified raster and vector, high-fidelity, and real-time dynamic geographical scene modelling have also attracted research attention and are now a major focus of digital terrain modelling research. Second, in addition to the popular DTA methods based on topographical derivatives, geomorphological features, and hydrological factors extracted from DTMs, DTA methods have been extended to include analyses of the structure of underlying strata, ocean surface features and even socioeconomic spatial structures. Third, DTMs have been applied to fields including global climate change, analysis of various typical regions, lunar surface and other related fields. Clearly, Chinese scholars have made significant progress in geomorphometry. Chinese scholars have had the greatest international impact in areas including high-fidelity digital terrain modelling and DTM-based regional geomorphological analysis, particularly in the Loess Plateau and the Tibetan Plateau regions.     

Kinematics of Convergence and Deformation in Luzon Island and Adjacent Sea Areas:2-D Finite-Element Simulation

The Luzon Island is a volcanic arc sandwiched by the eastward subducting South China Sea and the northwestward subducting Philippine Sea plate.Through experiments of plane-stress,elastic,and 2-dimensional finite-element modeling,we evaluated the relationship between plate kinematics and present-day deformation of Luzon Island and adjacent sea areas.The concept of coupling rate was applied to define the boundary velocities along the subduction zones.The distribution of velocity fields calculated in our models was compared with the velocity field revealed by recent geodetic (GPS) observations.The best model was obtained that accounts for the observed velocity field within the limits of acceptable mechanical parameters and reasonable boundary conditions.Sensitivity of the selection of parameters and boundary conditions were evaluated.The model is sensitive to the direction of convergence between the South China Sea and the Philippine Sea plates,and to different coupling rates in the Manila trench,Philippine trench and eastern Luzon trough.We suggest that a change of±15° of the di rection of motion of the Philippine Sea plate can induce important changes in the distribution of the computed displacement trajectories,and the movement of the Philippine Sea plate toward azimuth330° best explains the velocity pattern observed in Luzon Island.In addition,through sensitivity analysis we conclude that the coupling rate in the Manila trench is much smaller compared with the rates in the eastern Luzon trough and the Philippine trench.This indicates that a significant part of momentum of the Philippine Sea plate motion has been absorbed by the Manila trench;whereas,a part of the momentum has been transmitted into Luzon Island through the eastern Luzon trough and the Philippine trench.     

设施农业典型地物改进Faster R-CNN识别方法

深度学习方法可有效提高传统基于遥感影像的设施农业典型地物识别与提取方法的结果精度,对传统农业的转型和发展意义重大。本文针对遥感影像大背景小目标的特点,以及设施农业典型地物的图像特征,结合深度残差思想和Faster R-CNN提出DRTOMA算法：首先,使用深度残差网络作为其基础特征提取网络,以此获得更深层次的图像特征,并抑制网络退化和衰退问题;然后在残差单元和全连接层之间加入改进的空间金字塔池化层,从而去除输入图像固定大小的限制,增加网络对图像尺度的敏感度;最后,在全连接层间添加dropout层,减少网络计算的复杂度,提升抗过拟合效果。仿真结果表明：同部分已有的检测算法相比,DRTOMA算法的平均识别准确率和召回率均取为最优,分别为91.87%和90.63%;在最优识别精度近似的情况下,DRTOMA算法比Faster R-CNN算法的召回率高约2%,网络更易收敛,训练难度较低。综上所述,DRTOMA算法是一种有效可行的设施农业典型地物检测方法。     

广州环境综合整治及其持续发展

本文简单介绍有关持续发展的战略理论，分析了广州环境的两头提出了需要综合整治广州环境的原因，进而提出了广州环境综合整治及其持续发展的对策。     

单幅图像几何量测研究进展

为进一步促进单幅图像几何量测理论和技术的研究深化,拓展其应用领域,对近十年来单幅图像几何量测技术和方法进行了分析和总结。首先总结提炼了单幅图像几何量测的基本原理,即直接几何量测和间接几何量测,论述了各自的数学背景;在此原理下,将单幅图像几何量测方法分为基于单应的量测方法和基于几何关系的量测方法,并对各类算法的原理、约束条件、求解方法进行了详细讨论,阐明了算法的优缺点。     

基于Sentinel-1数据对青藏高原五道梁多年冻土区地面形变的监测与分析

在气候变暖背景下,地面形变监测可以反映多年冻土的发育趋势。利用欧空局Sentinel-1降轨数据（2014年11月27日至2017年3月4日）,基于SBAS-InSAR技术,获取了五道梁多年冻土区的地面形变状况,并分析了环境因子对其的影响。结果表明,近年来该地区地面主要表现为沉降趋势,与水准实测形变趋势吻合,相对误差为22.4%,均方根误差为4.3 mm;形变变化速率为-10.28 mm·a^-1,相对误差为14.79%。植被类型、地形地貌对多年冻土区地面形变影响较大。植被发育越好,由于土壤含水量越高,地面形变量越大;而植被覆盖度在一定程度上会影响Sentinel-1数据获取地面形变信息的精度;地形起伏较大的山区形变量存在垂直向与南北向的差异;水体分布较多的地区,信号失相干相对严重,Sentinel-1数据获取地面形变信息的能力会受到较大的影响。此外,降水事件与日冻融循环作用对Sentinel-1数据获取地面形变信息的精度影响也不可忽略。因此,在利用Sentinl-1数据获取青藏高原多年冻土区地面形变信息时,要综合考虑下垫面、气候条件与冻土日冻融循环的影响。