我国典型季风海洋性冰川区雪坑中 主要阴、阳离子的来源

运用海盐示踪法、相关分析、趋势分析等方法,对我国两处典型季风海洋性冰川(海 螺沟1 号冰川和白水1 号冰川) 积累区雪坑主要化学离子来源进行了综合分析,结果表明： 两冰川区除Na⁺ 是海洋源外,其他离子主要是非海洋源;Cl^-、NO₃ ^-、SO₄ ^2- 、K⁺、Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺ 非 海洋源所占的比重,在海螺沟1 号冰川依次为52%、99%、100%、98%、99.9%、83%,白水 1 号冰川依次为68%、99%、100%、98%、99%、59%;分析认为,海螺沟1 号冰川离子的非 海洋源主要是大气环流远源物质和高原面物质输入,而白水1 号冰川除上述来源外,冰川区 近源物质输入对离子浓度贡献很大。两冰川区各离子具体来源存在较大的差异性并且阴、阳 离子来源的共源性较低,其主要原因是：(1) 冰川区内局地环境的差异,比如岩性、山谷风系 统、地形地貌等;(2) 两冰川区离子淋溶作用强度的差异,分析认为,海螺沟1 号冰川离子淋 溶作用较强;(3) 不同离子的来源方式、沉降方式、自身化学特征以及沉积后过程不同所致。     

鄂尔多斯盆地下古生界负压气藏及运移

鄂尔多斯盆地中部奥陶系顶风化壳气藏是一负压气藏，气聚集在向东抬起大单斜的相对低部位。负压成因除与早白垩世后地壳抬升、生气速率减漫有关外，还主要由于储层饱含天然气，气藏中无自由水，上覆地层压力得不到有效地传递。流体势不仅与超压、浮力作用有关，还与地面高程密切相关。靖边－横山天然气藏的形成，为流体势所指示的气运移方向、风化壳孔洞发育带分布以及侧向古地貌隔挡诸因素的联合作用造成。     

基于分形理论的黑河流域甘州区城镇体系特征分析

甘州区是张掖绿洲的核心组成部分,运用分形理论对该区城镇体系规模结构和空间布局分析表明,城市首位度分布明显,城镇体系规模结构较为分散,区内城镇人口分布不均;城镇体系空间布局相对比较集中,主要集中在黑河水系和交通干线上,水源指向型分布和交通指向型分布明显;水资源对城镇体系空间布局的约束作用较大;区内交通网络基础较好,但仍不够健全,通达性也较低。在今后的城镇体系构建中要依据“T”字形布局原则,优先发展基础好的城镇,不断完善交通网络,更重要的是要高效集约利用水资源,保护生态环境。     

防风参百散治疗咳嗽变异性哮喘30例临床观察

目的：观察防风参百散治疗CVA的临床疗效。方法：将60例CVA患者随机分为治疗组和对照组，每组各30例。治疗组采用防风参百散汤剂治疗，对照组采用苏黄止咳胶囊治疗。结果：总有效率治疗组为93.33%，对照组为66.67%，组间比较，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。2组咳嗽评分治疗前后组内比较及治疗后组间比较，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论：防风参百散治疗咳嗽变异性哮喘有较好疗效。     

鄂尔多斯盆地靖边－绥德地区古生界天然气运移和聚集的数值模拟

本文用二维盆地模拟方法研究鄂尔多斯盆地靖边－绥德地区古生界天然气的运移和聚集。在数值模型中，天然气的运移由渗流和扩散两种运移形式组成。模拟结果表明，研究区古生界天然气的运移以渗流运移为主、扩散运移为辅。以早白垩世末期燕山运动后幕为界，运移期大体上可分为两个阶段。由此，形成了研究区各井的三种不同的运移聚集史。     

中国典型季风海洋性冰川区雪坑中主要阴、阳离子的来源研究

Snowpacks samples were colleted from two glaciers： Baishui No.1 glacier and Hailuogou No.1 glacier in June, 2006. The method of sea-salt ions tracer, correlation analysis and trend analysis were used in this research in order to confirm the source of main ions, it is indicated that Na^＋ is mainly from marine moisture and other ions mainly originate from land dust. The non-marine source percent of Cl^-, NO3^- , SO4^2-, K^＋, Ca^2＋ and Mg^2＋ is 52%, 99%, 100%, 98%, 99.9% and 83%, respectively, in Hailuogou No.1 glacier, while the corresponding value in Baishui No.1 glacier is 68%, 99%, 100%, 98%, 99% and 59%. The non-marine source of ions is from dust of Central Asia arid regions carried by westerly circulation and the plateau borne-areas with Qinghai-Tibet Plateau winter monsoon in two glacial areas. However, the import of local dust in glacial area has made a great contribution to ions concentration in Baishui No.1 glacier, which accounts for the reason why the ions concentration in Baishui No.1 glacier is much higher than that of Hailuogou No.1 glacier. It is obvious that the source of each ion is different between Hailuogou No.1 glacier and Baishui No.1 glacier. There are three reasons which can explain it： firstly, the difference in the internal environment of glacial area, such as lithology, mountain-valley wind system, topographical relief and so on; secondly, the influence exerted by ions elution in snowpacks section, and ions elution in Hailuogou No.1 glacier is very strong; and thirdly, the difference caused due to varying ions transporting styles, deposition modes, chemical characteristics and post-ions-deposition process.     

Changes of the Hailuogou Glacier, Mt. Gongga,China, against the Background of Global Warming in the Last Several Decades

Great change, associated with global warming, has occurred at the Hailuogou (海螺沟)has retreated 1 822 m in the past 106 years, with an annual mean retreat of 17.2 m, and the front elevation has risen by 300 m since 1823. Comparison of glacier variations and temperature fluctuations in China and the Northern Hemisphere, over the last 100 years, indicates that glacier retreat stages occurred during the warm phase, and vice versa. Mass balance records during 1959/60--2003/04 have shown that the glacier has suffered a constant mass loss of snow and ice. The accumulated mass balance, -10.83 m water equivalent, indicates an annual mean value of -0.24 m water equivalent. The correlation between the mass balance and temperature is significant, which also indicates that climate warming is the crucial cause of glacier loss.Local hydrological and climatic data demonstrate that runoff from the glacier has been increasing both seasonally and annually.The correlation analysis and trend analysis indicate that ice and snow melted water is the main cause of an increase in the runoff. As the climate has become warmer, changes in the glacier surface morphology have obviously occurred. These include a decrease in glacier thickness, enlargement of glacial caves, and reduction of the size of clefts on the glacier surface. The ablation period has lengthened and the ablation area has expanded. A variety of factors thus provide evidence that the Hailuogou glacier has suffered a rapid loss of snow and ice as a result of climatic warming.