我国典型季风海洋性冰川区雪坑中 主要阴、阳离子的来源

运用海盐示踪法、相关分析、趋势分析等方法，对我国两处典型季风海洋性冰川(海 螺沟1 号冰川和白水1 号冰川) 积累区雪坑主要化学离子来源进行了综合分析，结果表明： 两冰川区除Na⁺ 是海洋源外，其他离子主要是非海洋源；Cl^-、NO₃ ^-、SO₄ ^2- 、K⁺、Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺ 非 海洋源所占的比重，在海螺沟1 号冰川依次为52%、99%、100%、98%、99.9%、83%，白水 1 号冰川依次为68%、99%、100%、98%、99%、59%；分析认为，海螺沟1 号冰川离子的非 海洋源主要是大气环流远源物质和高原面物质输入，而白水1 号冰川除上述来源外，冰川区 近源物质输入对离子浓度贡献很大。两冰川区各离子具体来源存在较大的差异性并且阴、阳 离子来源的共源性较低，其主要原因是：(1) 冰川区内局地环境的差异，比如岩性、山谷风系 统、地形地貌等；(2) 两冰川区离子淋溶作用强度的差异，分析认为，海螺沟1 号冰川离子淋 溶作用较强；(3) 不同离子的来源方式、沉降方式、自身化学特征以及沉积后过程不同所致。

Source of Major Anions and Cations of Snowpacks in the Typical Monsoonal Temper ate Glacial Region of China

Snowpacks samples were collected from two glaciers: Baishui No.1 Glacier and Hailuogou No.1 Glacier in June,2006. The methods of sea-salt ions tracer,correlation analysis and trend analysis were used in this research in order to confirm the source of main ions,which indicated that Na is mainly from marine moisture and other ions mainly originate from land dust; the non-marine source percentages of Cl-,NO-3,SO-24,K ,Ca2 and Mg2 are 52%,99%,100%,98%,99.9% and 83%,respectively,in Hailuogou No.1 Glacier,while the corresponding values in Baishui No.1 Glacier are 68%,99%,100%,98%,99% and 59%. The non-marine source of ions is from dust of central Asian arid regions carried by westerly circulation and the plateau borne-areas with the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau winter monsoon in two glacial areas. However,the import of local dust in glacial area has made a great contribution to ions concentration in Baishui No.1 Glacier,which accounts for the much higher ions concentration in Baishui No.1 Glacier than that of Hailuogou No.1 Glacier. It is obvious that the source of each ion is different between Hailuogou No.1 Glacier and Baishui No.1 Glacier. There are three reasons which can explain it: firstly,the difference of the internal environment of the glacial area,such as lithology,hollow wind system,topographical relief and so on; secondly,the influence exerted by ions eluviation in snowpacks section with ions eluviation in Hailuogou No.1 Glacier being very strong; and thirdly,the discrepancies caused due to varying ions transporting styles,deposition modes,chemical characteristics and post-ions-deposition process.