2000-2008年期间南海海面温度的年际与空间变异

通过对2000-2008年更高空间分辨率的南海海面温度(SST)的卫星遥感数据进行经验正交函数(EOF)分析,着重研究21世纪以来整个南海海域SST年际变化的时空变异,并探讨了其与南海海面风场和海面高度的关系,以及期间南海发生的两次负异常事件的特点和成因.SST年际变化的第一模态表现为全海盆同相变化,年际振荡主要发生在...     

阿拉伯海上层海温的双峰特征

利用全球海洋Argo网格数据集、SODA月平均海洋数据集和CCMP风场数据,通过EOF分析,揭示了阿拉伯海5、50、100、200 m层海温全年2次增温、2次降温的双峰变化特征.结果表明,5 m层温度变化双峰信号出现在第一模态,其方差贡献率为75.79%,该信号主要受风场、太阳辐射及风生环流影响;50 m层温度变化双峰信号出现在第三模态,其方差贡献率为11.95%,该信号主要受风生环流影响;100 m层温度变化双峰信号出现在第一模态和第三模态,其中第一模态方差贡献率为52.03%,第三模态方差贡献率为9.55%.由100 m层第一模态可知,100 m层温度变化幅度最大、变化范围最广,是由于100 m层处于海洋温度变化最为剧烈的温跃层中.100 m层海温变化主要受风应力旋度(方向:向上为正)影响,风应力旋度为负时,大气对海洋的强迫导致局地海水辐合,温跃层加深,100 m层部分海域温度升高;风应力旋度为正时,大气对海洋的抽吸导致局地海水辐散,海洋深处的冷水上升,100 m层部分海域温度降低.     

Sea surface temperature anomalies in the South China Sea during mature phase of ENSO

Based on the 18-year(1993–2010) National Centers for Environmental Prediction optimum interpolation sea surface temperature(SST) and simple ocean data assimilation datasets,this study investigated the patterns of the SST anomalies(SSTAs) that occurred in the South China Sea(SCS) during the mature phase of the El Ni?o/Southern Oscillation.The most dominant characteristic was that of the outof-phase variation between southwestern and northeastern parts of the SCS,which was influenced primarily by the net surface heat flux and by horizontal thermal advection.The negative SSTA in the northeastern SCS was caused mainly by the loss of heat to the atmosphere and because of the cold-water advection from the western Pacific through the Luzon Strait during El Ni?o episodes.Conversely,it was found that the anomalous large-scale atmospheric circulation and weakened western boundary current during El Ni?o episodes led to the development of the positive SSTA in the southwestern SCS.     

南海海面高度年际变化的S-EOF分析

应用依赖于季节的经验正交甬数(S-EOF)分析,探讨了最近15a南海海面高度随季节演变的年际变化.S-EOF分析得出南海海面高度异常各模态不同季节的空间结构以及时间演变过程,证实了季风强盛期冬季和夏季基本模态的结构,还分离出了季风转换期(春季和秋季)海面高度的分布格局.结果表明,南海海面高度随季节演变的年际变化与厄尔尼诺和拉尼娜事件密切相关.S-EOF1的结果表明,南海海面高度的变化具有明显而稳定的季节振荡,但在ENSO年海面高度的季节振荡相对减弱;S-EOF2模态显示了1998-2001年间冬季吕宋岛西侧存在一个较强的正异常,且能一直持续到春季;S-EOF3模态主要体现了南海西部一系列中尺度涡状结构的年际差异,包含1997/1998年厄尔尼诺对南海环流的影响.     

Interannual to decadal variation of spring sea level anomaly in the western South China Sea

Satellite observations of sea level anomalies(SLA) from January 1993 to December 2012 are used to investigate the interannual to decadal changes of the boreal spring high SLA in the western South China Sea(SCS) using the Empirical Orthogonal Function(EOF) method. We find that the SLA variability has two dominant modes. The Sea Level Changing Mode(SLCM) occurs mainly during La Ni?a years, with high SLA extension from west of Luzon to the eastern coast of Vietnam along the central basin of the SCS, and is likely induced by the increment of the ocean heat content. The Anticyclonic Eddy Mode(AEM) occurs mainly during El Ni?o years and appears to be triggered by the negative wind curl anomalies within the central SCS. In addition, the spring high SLA in the western SCS experienced a quasi-decadal change during 1993–2012; in other words, the AEM predominated during 1993–1998 and 2002–2005, while the La Ni?a-related SLCM prevailed during 1999–2001 and 2006–2012. Moreover, we suggest that the accelerated sea level rise in the SCS during 2005–2012 makes the SLCM the leading mode over the past two decades.     

2011年西北太平洋海平面异常及其与拉尼娜和负印度洋偶极子的联系

西北太平洋海平面异常模态在纯拉尼娜事件与拉尼娜和负印度洋偶极子（IOD）事件同时发生时表现出完全不同的形态。在纯拉尼娜事件期间，西北太平洋海平面呈现显著的正异常；而2010/2011拉尼娜事件期间西北太平洋海平面明显降低，呈显著的负异常，其与印度洋负IOD事件密切相关。研究结果表明，负IOD事件能在热带西太平洋驱动显著的西风异常，由此减弱了拉尼娜峰值期间西北太平洋海平面正异常。同时，在负IOD峰值期的9月，在日经线附近存在显著的风应力旋度正异常，激发负的海平面异常以Rossby波的形式向西传播，并在第二年6月抵达菲律宾以东海域，维持并加强该海域海平面负异常，进而对北赤道流分叉点位置及输运产生重要的影响。