偕胺肟树脂的吸铀机理

通过对偕胺肟树脂对铀的吸附等温线和吸附速率测定,研究了偕胺肟树脂在海水中的吸铀机理,实验表明树脂吸铀量随温度上升而增加,亦随pH值不同而变,由热力学计算的吸附焓变为ΔH=42.4千焦尔/摩尔,由动力学计算的吸附表观活化能为41.2千焦尔/摩尔,结果表明吸附过程是通过树脂的偕胺肟基对铀酰离子的化学吸附,而树脂对铀酰离子吸附能力的次序为:UO₂2+>[UO₂(OH)₃]->[UO₂(CO₃)₃]4-。     

MECHANISM OF URANIUM ADSORPTION ON AMIDOXIME RESIN

The mechanism of uranium adsorption from seawater by polyacrylamidoxime resin is investigated by means of the experiments of adsorption isotherm and adsorption rate. The uranium uptake increases with the adsorption temperature and varies with the pH of seawater. Thermochemical and kinetic calculation show that the enthalpy change (△H) and the activation energy (E) of the uranium adsorption are 42.4 42.4 kJ mol-1 and 41.2 kJ mol-1 respectively, indicating that the uranium adsorption on the resin proceeds via a certain complex chemical reaction in which the amidoxime group in the resin chelates uranyl ions.     

粉煤灰的海上处理与人工礁

随着人们对能源需求量的增加,用煤发电不断增加,粉煤灰的处理问题也随之出现。若将粉煤灰倾倒于陆地,会严重污染地下水及周围环境。在进行监测的基础上直接进行海上倾倒是解决问题的策略之一,但大量沉降到海底的粉煤灰会影响沉积环境,不利于底栖生物的生长。而用粉煤灰为原料建造人工礁,可变废为宝,增加水产收获量。本文将介绍以粉煤灰为原料建造人工礁的方法,并结合福建省情况进行探讨。