东准噶尔南缘两套泥盆纪火山岩地球化学特征对比及其地质意义

东准噶尔一直以来都是研究新疆北部古生代洋陆格局和构造演化热点地区之一.前人对东准噶尔南缘火山岩的研究较为薄弱, 关注点多在石炭纪火山岩源区及构造属性上, 对泥盆纪火山岩构造背景和岩浆演化过程缺乏认识.对卡拉麦里蛇绿岩北侧的泥盆系北塔山组和乌鲁巴斯套组火山岩的岩石学、地球化学和年代学特征进行了详细研究, 结果表明:卡拉麦里北塔山组火山岩形成于早泥盆世晚期-中泥盆世早期(404 Ma), 具中-高钾、中钛、中铁和低铝的特征, 微量元素显示其富集LREE、LILE和亏损Nb、Ta, 推测其形成于洋壳俯冲的陆缘弧环境, 源区为受过俯冲沉积物熔体和流体交代的亏损地幔楔; 而莫钦乌拉中泥盆统乌鲁巴斯套组火山岩具贫碱、低钾、低钛、高铝等特征, 显示为典型的岛弧火山岩特征, 同位素和微量元素特征显示其来源于俯冲消减板片流体交代的亏损地幔楔.综合两套火山岩的差异特征和区域地质背景, 推测中泥盆纪卡拉麦里洋北向俯冲经历了由陆缘弧到岛弧的转变过程.      

东天山觉罗塔格构造带石炭纪弧后盆地:来自基性火山岩的证据

中亚造山带西南缘东天山觉罗塔格造山带广泛发育石炭纪火山岩，这些石炭纪火山岩的成因和构造历史一直是该区域地质问题争论的焦点.通过对东天山觉罗塔格造山带石炭纪基性火山岩详细的岩石学、地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学和Sr-Nd同位素研究，获得了如下认识:（1）东天山觉罗塔格造山带石炭纪基性火山岩分为两期爆发，早期爆发时间为336 Ma，晚期爆发时间为320 Ma.早期336 Ma基性火山岩由玄武岩、玄武安山岩及同成分的火山碎屑岩组成，显示出弧火山岩属性；晚期320 Ma基性火山岩主要由玄武岩和玄武安山岩组成，包括Ⅰ型火山岩和Ⅱ型火山岩，Ⅰ型显示出大洋中脊玄武岩属性，Ⅱ型显示出弧玄武岩特征.（2）石炭纪基性火山岩中发现的大量捕获锆石（371~3 106 Ma）年龄谱系与中天山地块显示为相似的特征，表明它们在石炭纪之前可能同属一个板块，也指示早古生代地壳可能参与了成岩过程.（3）该区域石炭纪火山岩与现今存在的Okinawa Trough和Mariana Trough弧后盆地玄武岩（BABB）很相似，从弧玄武岩向洋中脊玄武岩的演变，反映了石炭纪中天山北部弧后盆地的发展.因此推断早石炭世火山岩为弧后盆地初始裂开阶段的产物，而晚石炭世火山岩为弧后盆地弧后扩张阶段的产物.早石炭世晚期的初始裂开和晚石炭世早期的弧后扩张表明天山洋的俯冲最终结束于晚石炭世末期，包括主大洋和弧后盆地最终关闭，而最终关闭的位置很可能位于中天山以南.      

江西省浮梁县朱溪钨铜矿床花岗岩成因有及其与成矿的关系

通过精细的生物地层学工作,从时代和生物群组合入手,厘定了志留-泥盆各时期的岩石地层单位时序,在卡拉麦里碰撞带南缘建立较为合理的地层序列中上志留统白山包组第一段可建立扭图瓦贝Tuvaestrophia sp.)-薄扭贝Leptostrophia sp.)- 原始戟贝Protochonetes sp.)生物群组合第二段大型图瓦贝Tuvaella gigantea Tschernyschew）-近平无洞贝（相似种）Atrypa cf. depressa Zhang）-盖嘴贝Stegerhynchus sp.）生物群组合,第三段大型图瓦贝Tuvaella gigantea Tschernyschew）-拉氏图瓦贝Tuvaella rackovskii Tschernyschew）-扁平薄皱贝Leptaena cf. depressa）-新疆高面石燕Tannuspirifer xinjiangensis Zhang）生物群组合上志留统老沟组小鸽无洞贝Atrypella cf. columbella Barrande）-单褶准无窗贝Athyrisina cf. uniplicata Grabau） -安嘎西盖嘴贝tegerhynchus angaciensis Tschernyschew）生物群组合下泥盆统红柳沟组动物群组合,下中卡拉麦里组）动物群组合,上统克安库都克组出现Prelepidondron sp.）。志留-泥盆地层单位时序建立,对卡拉麦里碰撞带志留-泥盆具有。     

东准噶尔喀拉萨依高分异A型花岗岩岩石成因及其地质意义

喀拉萨依岩体位于东准噶尔卡拉麦里碱性花岗岩带西端,由钾长花岗岩和二长花岗岩组成。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为307.7±3.2Ma~309.6±2.0Ma,岩石高硅(Si O2平均含量为77.25%)、富碱(K2O+Na2O=7.50%~9.23%)、低铝(A/CNK=0.922~1.084),贫钙、镁;富集Rb、K、Th等大离子亲石元素及Zr、Hf等高场强元素和稀土元素,亏损Ba、Sr、Eu。10000Ga/Al值变化于7.00~10.35之间,总体上具碱性A型花岗岩的特征,是该岩带东侧老鸦泉—黄羊山A型花岗岩岩基经高程度分异演化的产物,并非前人认为的S型花岗岩。岩体具正εNd(t)值(3.5~6.0)和年轻的Nd模式年龄(TDM2=520~630Ma),Pb同位素投点位于造山带演化线附近,同位素数据显示岩浆来源于新生造山带下部的年轻地壳。从本次1∶5万区调成果看,卡拉麦里洋盆在晚泥盆世之前已经闭合,从晚泥盆世开始转入碰撞后的拉张环境,在晚石炭世早期进入板内裂谷发展阶段,因此喀拉萨依岩体应是该区板内裂谷阶段而非前人所说的后碰撞阶段的产物。     

GhostNet marine debris survey in the Gulf of Alaska--satellite guidance and aircraft observations

Marine debris, particularly debris that is composed of lost or abandoned fishing gear, is recognized as a serious threat to marine life, vessels, and coral reefs. The goal of the GhostNet project is the detection of derelict nets at sea through the use of weather and ocean models, drifting buoys and satellite imagery to locate convergent areas where nets are likely to collect, followed by airborne surveys with trained observers and remote sensing instruments to spot individual derelict nets. These components of GhostNet were first tested together in the field during a 14-day marine debris survey of the Gulf of Alaska in July and August 2003. Model, buoy, and satellite data were used in flight planning. A manned aircraft survey with visible and IR cameras and a LIDAR instrument located debris in the targeted locations, including 102 individual pieces of debris of anthropogenic or terrestrial origin.     

Copper in the sediment and sea surface microlayer near a fallowed, open-net fish farm

Sediment and sea surface microlayer samples near an open-net salmon farm in Nova Scotia, were analysed for copper. Copper is a constituent of the feed and is an active ingredient of anti-foulants. The salmon farm was placed in fallow after 15years of production. Sampling was pursued over 27months. Elevated copper concentrations in the sediments indicated the farm site as a source. Bubble flotation due to gas-emitting sediments from eutrophication is a likely process for accumulating copper in the sea surface microlayer at enriched concentrations. Elevated and enriched concentrations in the sea surface microlayer over distance from the farm site led, as a result of wind-drift, to an enlarged farm footprint. The levels of copper in both sediments and sea surface microlayer exceeded guidelines for protection of marine life. Over the 27months period, copper levels persisted in the sediments and decreased gradually in the sea surface microlayer.     

喜马拉雅造山带中段北坡构造地貌初步研究

研究区位于喜马拉雅造山带中段北坡, 构造地貌丰富、典型.本文在野外调查的基础上, 将区内构造地貌分为断裂构造地貌、花岗岩构造地貌、夷平面构造地貌、冰川构造地貌、水系及阶地构造地貌和土林构造地貌等类型, 并对这些构造地貌特征进行初步分析描述, 为喜马拉雅造山带的构造隆升研究提供了地表构造地貌上的有力信息.      

西藏定结高喜马拉雅石榴辉石岩-镁铁质麻粒岩的岩石特征及其地质意义

在高喜马拉雅带的定日县曲当—扎乡一带出露的高喜马拉雅结晶岩系中, 发现了高压变质的石榴辉石岩及其降压变质的镁铁质麻粒岩组合, 早期高压条件下形成的石榴辉石岩矿物组合为Grt+Cpx (富铝) +Ru+Q, 斜长石已完全消失, 形成温度为845~896℃, 压力大于1.2GPa, 已达到榴辉岩相的压力条件.中期的麻粒岩相组合为Opx+Pl±Cpx±Ga, 其中Opx、Cpx和Pl为石榴石的后成合晶, 形成温度为993~776℃, 压力为0.90~1.21GPa, 为中压麻粒岩相产物, 晚期矿物仅见普通角闪石、斜长石和石英, 是角闪岩相退变质的产物, 表明HHC经历了降压升温-降压降温的快速抬升过程, 证明其抬升作用与地幔热源的参与有关.