基于WiMAX的地质灾害应急无线通信系统探索

基于OFDM核心技术的WiMAX(全球微波接入互操作性)具有4G技术的特点。与3G和WiFi无线通讯技术相比具有明显的高速率、大容量数据传输优势。本文就基于WiMAX的地质灾害应急通讯系统的几种技术方案加以详细论述,说明WiMAX在地质灾害应急指挥中具有广阔前景。     

黑潮流域海温适应性观测敏感区诊断方法研究

敏感区诊断是适应性观测的关键问题,集合变换卡尔曼方法(EnsembleTransformKalmanFilter,ETKF)是目前主要的诊断方法之一。将集合变换卡尔曼方法应用于海洋环境适应性观测,根据ROMS海洋模式数据构建海表温度集合预报,以黑潮流域宫古海峡附近海域为验证区进行敏感区诊断计算,分析不同间隔时间条件下敏感区分布情况,结合模拟系统观测试验验证在敏感区进行适应性观测对预报质量的提升效果。结果表明,在诊断所得敏感区内添加观测能够提升预报质量;随时间间隔增大,敏感区向上游区域平移且预报质量提升效果减小;与在验证区整体添加观测相比,敏感区观测对预报质量提升效果基本相同并且观测成本明显减少。     

Early Cretaceous Climate Changes Recorded in Magnetic Susceptibility and Color Index Variations of the Lower Liupanshan Group, Central China

This study carried out comprehensive analysis on sedimentology, magnetic susceptibility(χlf) and color data of the continental sediments of the Liupanshan Group in Central China so as to obtain climatic change information during the 129.14–122.98 Ma interval. Based on the results of the ?lf and of the redness(a*), the section can be divided into two segments:(1) 129.14–126.3 Ma, with the lowest ?lf values and strongly variable relatively high values of redness and(2) 126.3–122.98 Ma, with high ?lf values and relatively low redness. Analysis of the lithology and facies as well as the magnetic minerals and their contents points to a detrital origin of the magnetic minerals and this allow us to interpret the relationship between magnetic susceptibility variations and climate changes. Our study shows that the climate was significantly dry and hot during the whole studied interval although the interval between 126.3 Ma and 122.98 was a little bit cooler with increased humidity.     

全珊瑚骨料海水混凝土力学性能试验研究

为了探讨全珊瑚骨料海水混凝土的基本力学性能,并比较其与普通混凝土和轻集料混凝土的差异,通过实验系统测定了珊瑚混凝土的基本力学性能,建立了其轴心抗压强度(f_(c,m))、劈裂抗拉强度(f_(sp,m))、抗折强度(f_(t,m))与立方体抗压强度(f_(cu,m))之间的线性关系与计算公式。结果表明:在强度等级C20~C50的范围内,珊瑚混凝土的f_(c,m)和f_(sp,m)分别比普通混凝土的f_(c,m)和f_(sp,m)高出10%~48%和9%~33%,随着强度等级的提高,两种混凝土之间的差距在减小。珊瑚混凝土的f_(t,m)与普通混凝土的ft,m之间的差异规律与强度等级有关,较低强度等级的C30珊瑚混凝土ft,m比普通混凝土的f_(t,m)要高4%,而较高强度等级的C55珊瑚混凝土f_(t,m)比普通混凝土的f_(t,m)低13%。较高强度等级的C50珊瑚混凝土f_(c,m)、f_(sp,m)和f_(t,m)分别比页岩陶粒轻集料混凝土的f_(c,m)、f_(sp,m)和f_(t,m)低11%、0.9%和4%。     

Spatial differences in persistent organochlorine pollutant concentrations between the Bering and Chukchi Seas (1993)

During August-September 1993, a joint Russian-United States expedition to the Bering and Chukchi Seas took place. Surface water samples were collected from 21 sites and separated into dissolved (duplicates) and suspended solids; 19 sediment and 6 air samples were also collected. These samples were analysed for 19 organochlorine pesticides, 11 chlorobenzenes and 113 PCB congeners. The report provides data on selected compounds which occured in > or = 75% of the water samples. Highest water concentrations were observed for HCH in open waters north and south of the Bering Strait, both regions being similar (alpha-HCH; 2.2 ng/L and lindane: 0.35 ng/L). Air levels observed were also constant (alpha-HCH; 0.041 ng/m3, lindane: 0.0093 ng/m3). Suspended solids and air particulares contributed little to the concentrations in their respective media, an observation common to all analytes except for the PCBs and the DDT residues. The sum of PCB concentrations in water were higher in the Bering Sea area compared to the Chukchi Sea (1.0 vrs 0.67 ng/L) and lower for air (0.46 vrs 0.23 ng/m3). Sum of DDT in water was higher in the Bering Sea than in the Chukchi Sea (0.23 vrs 0.15 ng/L) while in sediments and air, the Bering Sea concentrations were lower (0.95 vrs 1.6 ng/g and 36 vrs 56 pg/m3, respectively). Other organochlorine compounds for which data are presented include: pp'-DDE, pp'-DDT, dieldrin, HCB, 3 chlorobenzenes and 3 PCB congeners. Fluxes of all these chemicals through the Berin Strait are estimated; they ranged from 57 t/a (alpha-HCH) through 26 t/a (for sum of PCBs) to 0.2 t/a (pp'-DDE, dieldrin and 1,2,3-trichlorobenzene). Fugacity ratios for the HCHs and PCBs indicate the alpha-HCH is degassing in both the Bering and Chukchi Seas and that the gamma-isomer is degassing in the Bering Sea and is close to equilibrium (weakly absorbing) in the Chuchi Sea; the sum of PCBs are strongly absorbing in both areas.     

长庆中部气田奥陶纪马家沟组储层成岩模式与孔隙系统

长庆中部气田奥陶纪马家沟组马五～马五储层的主要成岩作用包括:(Ⅰ)准同生白云石化作用;(Ⅱ)白云石对小球状硬石膏结核(简称"膏球")和板状硬石膏晶体的交代;(Ⅲ)石膏的溶解;(Ⅳ)自生石英、自生粘土矿物在白云石晶间生长;(Ⅴ)早期方解石的充填作用;(Ⅵ)晚期方解石的充填作用;(Ⅶ)钾石盐的充填作用;(Ⅷ)去白云石化作用。其中造成孔隙的是(Ⅰ)、(Ⅱ)、(Ⅲ),破坏孔隙的主要是(Ⅴ)、(Ⅵ)、(Ⅶ)、(Ⅷ)。最重要的成岩作用是(Ⅰ)、(Ⅱ)、(Ⅲ)。主要的成岩模式有:云化-溶蚀型、云化-溶蚀-充填型、云化-溶解型、云化-交代-溶解型、云化-交代-溶解-早充填型、云化-交代-溶解-早充填-晚充填型、云化-交代-溶解-早充填-晚充填-钾石盐充填型。其中云化-溶解型、云化-交代-溶解型以及云化-溶蚀型是形成孔隙的主要成岩方式。主要的孔隙系统类型有5种:密球型、"球 胀裂缝型"、"球 晶间溶孔型"、晶模孔型、晶间溶孔型。其中,密球型、"球 胀裂缝型"、"球 晶间溶孔型"是最主要的孔隙系统类型。长庆中部气田马五段储层的发育首先受沉积微相控制,即膏球的发育;在此基础上还受成岩方式控制。膏球发育于马五、马五、马五、马五,尤其是马五。白云石对硬石膏球的交代作用和石膏的溶解作用广泛发育于马五、马五、马五、马五、马五、马五、马五、马五地层中。早期方解石、晚期方解石和钾石盐的充填作用主要发育在马五、马五、马五和马五地层中,而在马五、马五地层中不发育。膏球在马五、马五、马五不发育。所以,马五、马五、马五是最好的储集层段马五、马五是其次的储集层段。马五、马五、马五是最差的储集层段。     

塔里木盆地喀什凹陷北缘烃源岩潜力探讨

对喀什凹陷北缘烃源岩进行了综合评价分析,通过对喀什凹陷北缘3套潜在烃源岩的分布、有机质丰度、类型、成熟度的对比分析,认为喀什凹陷北缘石炭系海相碳酸盐岩分布有限,综合评价指标较差,为非烃源岩;二叠系海陆过渡相泥岩分布较广,为差烃源岩;侏罗系煤系源岩分布虽然局限,但是厚度大,评价指标好,是喀什凹陷主要的烃源岩.石炭系碳酸盐岩和二叠系泥岩不具备为大中型气田提供烃源的潜质.     

黑潮锋区的水温分形特征研究

借助GIS ArcView软件分析提取黑潮锋区域,将一定间隔的经纬度点的温度值生成等值线以此为研究对象,应用网格法计算了20°～30°N,120°～130°E范围内黑潮锋区50m和100m深处水温的分维值,100m深处的分维值波动较50m深处小,但整体上分维值较50m深处大。计算结果符合黑潮锋区强度的实际分布情况,初步认为分形维数能够表征黑潮锋强度,分维值随黑潮锋强度的增大而增大。     

基于GIS的徐州市火灾应急救援系统设计与实现

为了提高城市火灾应急救援效率,最大限度降低人民群众生命财产损失,以ArcGIS Engine和ArcGIS Object SDK for.Net为桌面GIS应用程序的二次开发框架,构建PC桌面端徐州市火灾应急救援系统.该系统充分利用GIS强大的海量数据存储、查询及分析的特色功能,实现数据管理、信息查询、应急救援、风险评估及案件记录等功能,可解决目前消防指挥部门中诸如人工查询低效导致火场信息不清、救援方案不明确,救援路线不佳导致救援效率低下、人工记录不全面等问题,为徐州城市火灾高效救援提供技术支持.