梅雨期移动性雨团的合成分析

利用华东中尺度天气试验资料,按一定标准挑选1981、1983年梅雨期10个时次发展强盛的中-β尺度雨团进行合成分析。结果表明,雨团区存在明显的中尺度扰动,在对流层低层,雨团位于梅雨锋后强温度梯度区,且在反气旋涡度区后、气旋涡度区前辐合上升地带,具有斜压结构特性,並和非地转的重力波联系;在高层呈现出对流系统特性。概括出的合成雨团概念模式,揭示了大、中尺度系统间的关系及雨团发展的物理机制。     

一次飑线转向和强度演变的雷达回波分析

利用单站雷达回波资料,揭露出飑线的走向和强度演变的客观事实和详细过程,结合其他气象资料和当地的地形条件,对其演变的机制进行了较深入的探讨,最后提出了对强对流天气监测和短时预报有用的结论。     

A MESO-α-SCALE STUDY OF MEIYU FRONT HEAVY RAIN-PART II:THE DYNAMICAL ANALYSIS OF RAIN-BAND DISTURBANCE

The alternating change of the two meiyu front rain-bands caused by the alternating change between the moist potential vorticities is discussed. The main factors of the change of moist potential vorticity are the vertical and horizontal divergence of moist potential vorticity flux as well as the vertical transport caused by the cumulus mass flux. Also discussed is the possibility that the WAVE-CISK conditional symmetric instability in the baroclinic moist atmosphere leads to the forming of the double rain-bands and their roller-shaped circulation features. Theoretical analyses show that the latitudinal disturbance scale-selection by the primitive moisture model of the latent heat release in cumulus convection depends on the stratification instability parameter (Ri number) and viscous coefficient of eddy.     

一次冷锋后飑线的大振幅重力波特性分析

本文用较密集的观测资料分析江淮地区一次冷锋后的飑线过程。分析表明飑线的生成和发展与中尺度冷涌活动有关，它具有大振幅重力波的特征。重力波在传播过程中于大别山东侧形成边缘锋，边缘锋的传播更类似于沿岸Kelvin波，大振幅重力波在边界层特征更明显。这类被地形拦截的大振幅重力波是江淮地区冷锋后飑线的一种可能激发机制。     

冷锋边界层锋生和锋生环流的诊断研究

本文依据华东中尺度天气试验加密的边界层资料，分析研究了1983年４月２８日江淮地区冷锋锋生过程。发现锋生具有短时性、不均匀性及主要表现在边界层中等特点。文中还用Ekman动量近似导出的边界层锋生环流方程对边界层中的锋生环流做了诊断分析。     

区域地形影响下冷锋后飑线的数值模拟

本文设计了一个加地形并含详细边界层参数化方案的十三层有限区域细网格模式，并对1983年4月28日冷锋后方、大别山东侧干锋触发形成的近似垂直于冷锋的飑线过程进行了模拟。通过和无地形模式模拟结果的比较，表明区域地形的诱发作用是大别山东侧一类飑线形成的可能原因。文中还模拟了冷区飑线的热力、动力结构，其主要特征和观测研究的结果是一致的。     

A MESO-α SCALE STUDY OF MEIYU FRONT HEAVY RAIN——PART I:OBSERVATIONAL STUDIES

Jn this paper, the data collected during the Mesoscale Weather Experiments in East China are utilized to study the meso-a scale rain-bands of meiyu front heavy rain, its structural features as well as the mechanism of its development. It has been revealed that the precipitation band during the meiyu season is in the shape of ribbon, which is parallel to the surface quasi-stationary front. Sometimes two meso-a scale rain-bands are present. The meso-a scale rain-band is associated with meso-a scale convergence line. As shown by the two dimentional disturbance circulation, calculated through band-pass filtering, the single rain-band is quite different from the double rain-bands. The former is, to some extent, akin to the frontogenetical circulation in the vicinity of the high- and low-level frontal zones; the latter features roller-like circulations at middle and low-levels with their axes parallel to the rain-bands while at higher levels they run in the opposite direction. This kind of disturbance may be     

一次飑线转向和强度演变的雷达回波分析

利用单站雷达回波资料,揭露出飑线的走向和强度演变的客观事实和详细过程,结合其他气象资料和当地的地形条件,对其演变的机制进行了较深入的探讨,最后提出了对强对流天气监测和短时预报有用的结论。     

江淮地区暖区飑线中尺度观测研究

本文依据地面、高空常规资料,华东中尺度天气试验加密资料,地面温、压、湿、风、降水自记及卫星、雷达资料,对1983年4月27日晚至28日晨的江淮地区暖区飑线进行分析,揭示了飑线的一些有意思的特征。分析表明,飑线经大别山东侧自西向东传播,接近低空西南风急流轴时,对流强度发生变化;飑线过境有短时增温、伴有降性阵水特征;飑线的地面气压由β尺度的飑前中低压、飑后中高压及紧随其后的对称中低压组成。由空间结构分析看到飑前有自近地层开始的暖湿入流,飑后有来自对流层中高层的下沉气流等特征。将其和热带及美国的中纬度飑线比较发现,这次暖区飑线的气压场、温度场、风场及天气分布与经典飑线有差异,与热带及美国中纬度飑线也有区别,我们认为这是副热带地区暖区飑线的特点。