一种污水排海的近远区计算与控制方法──以大亚湾水容量计算及污水排海为例

针对点容量计算中混合区限制的要求，采用了动量积分法、经验公式法和有限差分法，分别对污水排放后可能引起的近区、过渡区和远区的污水浓度变化进行了模拟预测，并就一定的限制性条件对容量点近区、高浓度混合区及容量点远区影响范围进行了分析。在大亚湾水容量计算及污水排海规划中的应用表明，该法具有计算机时较省、精度相对较高等优点。     

Disposal of wastewater containing Congo Red by synthesizing layer double hydroxide in-situ

Based on the principle of synthesis, a new method was put forward to dispose Congo Red anion-containing dyestuff from wastewater and its feasibility was also examined. The principle of the method is described as follows： Mg^2＋ and Al^3＋ are hydrolyzed to form Mg/Al-LDH by adding Mg^2＋, Al^3＋ and NaOH in wastewater containing anion dyestuff, which is selectively intercalated with the interlayer of LDH in order to balance positive structural charge. While Mg^2＋ and Al^3＋ are co-precipitated to form LDH, the anion dyestuff in wastewater will be removed by LDH synthesized in-situ, as is confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis of settlings and chemical analysis of aqueous samples. In this work, we studied the influence of Mg/Al mole ratio, pH value, time and temperature of reaction on the removal of anion dyestuff and the use of Mg and Al. The experimental results showed the maximum removal efficiency of anion dyestuff could be attained when pH value was 9.0, and Mg/Al mol ratio was 2 ： 1, reaction duration was 2 hours, and the effect of temperature was not remarkable, and the removal efficiency could reach 100%. Meanwhile, the Mg and Al added could be made good use of. This technology has the advantage of extraordinary efficiency of wastewater disposal.     

不同共代谢基质下三氯乙烯的厌氧生物降解研究

使用已驯化的厌氧活性污泥,分别以纯牛奶、玉米汁和甲苯作为共代谢基质,对三氯乙烯（ TCE）的降解性能进行对比研究。结果表明：TCE是通过还原脱氯发生降解的;同质量浓度下,甲苯是最佳共代谢基质,纯牛奶和玉米汁相对较差;且在一定范围内,共代谢基质浓度越大,TCE降解效果越好;实验数据的回归结果表明,反应均符合一级动力学。     

Interannual variability of the spring Wyrtki Jet

Feature s of the interannual variability of the spring Wyrtki Jet in the tropical Indian Ocean are revealed using observation data and model output.The results show that the jet has significant interannual variation,which has a significant correlation with winter El Nino Modoki index(R=0.62).During spring after an El Nino(La Nina) Modoki event,the Wyrtki Jet has a positive(negative) anomaly,forced by a westerly(easterly) wind anomaly.The result of a linear-continuously stratified model shows that the first two baroclinic modes explain most of the interannual variability of the spring Wyrtki Jet(-70%) and the third to fifth modes together account for approximately 30%.Surface wind anomalies in the tropical Indian Ocean are related to the Walker circulation anomaly associated with El Nino/La Nina Modoki.The interannual variability of the spring Wyrtki Jet has an evident impact on sea surface salinity transport before the onset phase of the summer monsoon in the Indian Ocean.     

Disposal of wastewater containing Congo Red by synthesizing layer double hydroxide in-situ

Based on the principle of synthesis, a new method was put forward to dispose Congo Red anion-containing dyestuff from wastewater and its feasibility was also examined. The principle of the method is described as follows: Mg²⁺ and Al³⁺ are hydrolyzed to form Mg/Al-LDH by adding Mg²⁺, Al³⁺ and NaOH in wastewater containing anion dyestuff, which is selectively intercalated with the interlayer of LDH in order to balance positive structural charge. While Mg²⁺ and Al³⁺ are co-precipitated to form LDH, the anion dyestuff in wastewater will be removed by LDH synthesized in-situ, as is confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis of settlings and chemical analysis of aqueous samples. In this work, we studied the influence of Mg/Al mole ratio, pH value, time and temperature of reaction on the removal of anion dyestuff and the use of Mg and Al. The experimental results showed the maximum removal efficiency of anion dyestuff could be attained when pH value was 9.0, and Mg/Al mol ratio was 2: 1, reaction duration was 2 hours, and the effect of temperature was not remarkable, and the removal efficiency could reach 100%. Meanwhile, the Mg and Al added could be made good use of. This technology has the advantage of extraordinary efficiency of wastewater disposal. Foundation item: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (40472026).     

人工与自动气象站相对湿度的差异规律及原因探讨

利用西昌国家基本气象站2007年1月1日～12月31日人工和自动气象站24小时基准观测期间的相对湿度资料,以日、月不同时间尺度及不同天气现象情况下的差异规律作统计分析,并建立订正方程和方差分析,结果表明：人工与自动站逐日24时次相对湿度相关系数在0.826～0.998之间;日平均对比差值变化范围2.27%～8.79%,年平均对比差值为5.25%;干季和雨季差值分别为4.90%与5.32%;时次平均对比差值峰谷明显,最小差值出现在19：00,为4.36%,最大差值出现在12：00,为6.34%;不同天气状况对相对湿度有不同的对比差值,2007年99个晴天对比差值范围是4.91%～7.66%,平均为5.66%;30个阴天对比差值范围4.29%～6.52%,平均为5.32%;118个雨天对比差值范围是4.22%～5.16%,平均为4.88%;分别建立2007年逐月相对湿度、晴天,阴天,雨天逐月相对湿度订正方程,并进行方差分析,建立的48个订正方程均通过0.05信度检验,订正效果较好。造成人工与自动站相对湿度差异的原因有：仪器测量原理差异、观测时间差异、人工操作误差、观测样本差异、时次差异、天气状况等。     

中国流域水污染控制分区方法与应用

针对中国以往的流域分区方法主观性较强,尤其是对水污染控制单元的划分方法不统一,划分依据不充分等特点,提出了"流域-控制区-控制单元"三级分区体系,采取定性和定量分析相结合的方法进行流域水污染控制分区研究,重点在控制单元层面构建了层次分析模型,以区县为单元基于汇水特征、城镇布局、工业布局和农业布局4个因素进行评分比较,筛选区县主导排污去向,作为将其划入某一或某几个控制单元的依据。以松花江流域为例,将松花江流域划为三大控制区,33个控制单元,其中莫力达瓦达斡尔族自治旗在内的10个区县被拆分到两个或两个以上的单元,基于流域自然汇水特征,且充分体现流域水污染防治重点和方向,重点落实地方政府治污目标、责任和任务,为中国流域水污染防治规划的科学制定与实施提供重要依据。     

普通栽培稻×小粒野稻F_1酯酶同工酶研究

用二倍体普通栽培稻和异源四倍体小粒野稻及其杂种一代（F1）进行酯酶同工酶测定和主要性状的田间表证。结果表明：普通栽培稻与小粒野生稻由于亲缘关系较远,其遗传基础差异很大,从而致使两者的酯酶同工酶谐相差也很大。两者杂交的F1,集中显示出双亲的所有酶带。F1的酶带是由于双亲互补的多个结构基因通过一系列调控机制而表达的结果。