湖南省似大地水准面2017模型及精度分析

利用近7万个湖南及邻近省份重力观测数据、502个GNSS/水准控制点及数字高程模型，以EIGEN-6C4全球重力场模型作参考重力场，采用顾及地球曲率影响的各类地形质量位及引力的第二类Helmert凝集法严密算法，利用高分辨率地形数据恢复甚短波扰动重力场，确定空间分辨率2′×2′的高精度湖南省似大地水准面模型（HNGG2017）。经外部检核，模型整体精度均优于±0.022 m。与历史模型相比，新模型在湖南北部常德汉寿、西南部永州江永等地区精度得到显著改善。     

宁夏生态移民村空间剥夺测度及影响因素

生态移民村是一种具有扶贫脱贫与生态保护双重意义的特殊乡村类型,是乡村振兴不可或缺的重要对象。在空间重构过程中形成的空间剥夺现象,是当前生态移民村全面振兴面临的一个新问题。为探究生态移民村空间剥夺规律,以宁夏70个生态移民村2017年相关数据为基础,构建了以收入就业、教育培训、社会生活、居住环境及公共服务可达性为主要内容的空间剥夺指标体系并进行水平测度,进而运用地理加权回归和地理探测器对其影响因子进行探测。结果显示：① 宁夏生态移民村空间剥夺整体水平较低,但总指数均值相对于非生态移民村显著高出0.023;② 宁夏生态移民村空间剥夺时空分异特征明显,总指数均值在时间上呈现“先较低—后上升—再下降”趋势,在空间上呈现“北部低—中部高—南部次高”分布;③ 民族构成、地形地貌、移民时段、依托资源和经济区带是影响生态移民村空间剥夺的重要因子,前3项对空间剥夺总指数的解释力分别达到了22.4%、10.6%和14.0%。空间剥夺水平测度为生态移民生产生活评价和政策调整完善提供新的客观依据,相关部门可据此优化调节生态移民村空间资源配置,增加其获取资源的能力和机会,推动生态移民村全面振兴。     

Degradation induces changes in the soil C:N:P stoichiometry of alpine steppe on the Tibetan Plateau

Due to the Tibetan Plateau's unique high altitude and low temperature climate conditions,the region's alpine steppe ecosystem is highly fragile and is suffering from severe degradation under the stress of increasing population,overgrazing,and climate change.The soil stoichiometry,a crucial part of ecological stoichiometry,provides a fundamental approach for understanding ecosystem processes by examining the relative proportions and balance of the three elements.Understanding the impact of degradation on the soil stoichiometry is vital for conservation and management in the alpine steppe on the Tibetan Plateau.This study aims to examine the response of soil stoichiometry to degradation and explore the underlying biotic and abiotic mechanisms in the alpine steppe.We conducted a field survey in a sequent degraded alpine steppe with seven levels inNorthern Tibet.The plant species,aboveground biomass,and physical and chemical soil properties such as the moisture content,temperature,pH,compactness,total carbon(C),total nitrogen(N),and total phosphorus(P)were measured and recorded.The results showed that the contents of soil C/N,C/P,and N/P consistently decreased along intensifying degradation gradients.Using regression analysis and a structural equation model(SEM),we found that the C/N,C/P,and N/P ratios were positively affected by the soil compactness,soil moisture content and species richness of graminoids but negatively affected by soil pH and the proportion of aboveground biomass of forbs.The soil temperature had a negative effect on the C/N ratio but showed positive effect on the C/P and N/P ratios.The current study shows that degradation-induced changes in abiotic and biotic conditions such as soil warming and drying,which accelerated the soil organic carbon mineralization,as well as the increase in the proportion of forbs,whichwere difficult to decompose and input less organic carbon into soil,resulted in the decreases in soil C/N,C/P,and N/P contents to a great extent.Our results provide a sound basis for sustainable conservation and management of the alpine steppe.     

sPL震相在巴东M4.3地震序列震源深度测定中的应用

根据近震深度震相sPL的基本特征，对2017-06-16巴东M4.3地震序列震源深度进行分析，运用频率-波数（F-K）方法模拟不同深度下的理论地震图，并与实际波形拟合对比，得出震源深度分布。结果显示，该地震序列的震源深度集中在3~4 km范围内，误差约为1 km，表明在三峡地区利用sPL震相可以获得较为可靠的震源深度。     

辽宁省海洋文化景观概述

文章介绍海洋文化景观的属性、定义和构成;将辽宁省海洋文化景观资源分为海洋物质文化景观和非物质文化景观2个大类,其中海洋物质文化景观包括海洋自然文化景观、海洋遗迹文化景观、海洋聚落文化景观、海洋宗教文化景观、海洋旅游文化景观和海洋设施景观,海洋非物质文化景观包括海洋历史文化景观、海洋民俗文化景观和海洋艺术文化景观,分别概述具体类别资源的代表内容;提出可采用模糊综合评价法评价辽宁省海洋文化景观,研究海洋文化景观对于海洋文化建设和提高海洋意识等具有重要意义。     

河西走廊西段戈壁灌木群落多样性及其分布格局研究

通过野外样方调查河西走廊西段荒漠戈壁典型灌木群落多样性状况，研究探讨了 8 种典型 灌木群落物种多样性的空间分布格局及其与地理因子的关系，对荒漠戈壁植物群落的多样性的保 护和可持续发展具有重要意义。结果表明：(1) 8 个典型灌木群落 Shannon-Wiener 指数、Simpson 指 数、Margalef 指数和 Pielou 指数从高到低为：盐爪爪群落>麻黄群落>合头草群落>红砂群落>梭梭群 落>泡泡刺群落>多枝柽柳群落>沙拐枣群落；波动范围分别为 0.314 ~ 1.355、0.179 ~ 0.666、0.334 ~ 1.222 和 0.051 ~ 0.218，说明荒漠戈壁灌木群落物种多样性指数偏低，群落结构简单，物种组成稀 少。(2) 不同灌木群落内物种数越多，群落间 Jaccard 相似性系数越大。大部分灌木群落类型间 Jac? card 相似性在 0.20 ~ 0.60 之间，群落间相似水平较低，群落相对稳定。(3) 随着海拔的升高，Margalef 指数、Pielou 指数和 Shannon-Wiener 指数均呈先增加后降低的单峰型分布格局，最大值出现在海拔 2 000 m，且与海拔显著相关（P<0.05）；在经度梯度上，从东到西，Margalef 指数、Pielou 指数和 Shan? non-Wiener 指数呈递增格局，但与经度无显著相关性（P>0.05）；在纬度梯度上，从南到北，Margalef 指数、Pielou 指数和 Shannon-Wiener 指数呈显著递增趋势（P<0.05）。总体上，荒漠戈壁灌木群落物 种多样性呈现出明显的垂直（海拔）和纬度地带性分布格局。     

Prediction of Blast-Induced Rock Movement During Bench Blasting: Use of Gray Wolf Optimizer and Support Vector Regression

Natural Resources Research - A large ore loss and dilution can be expected when using a pre-blast ore boundary for shovel guidance because of the movement and re-distribution of ore in the muck...     

Overview of In - Situ Biodegradation and Enhancement

Microbial degradation technologies have been developed to restore ground water quality in aquifers polluted by organic contaminants effectively in recent years. However, in course of the degradation, the formation of biofilms in ground water remediation technology can be detrimental to the effectiveness of a ground water remediation project. Several alternatives are available to a remedial design engineer, such as Permeable Reactive Barriers (PRBs) and in -situ bioremediation, Hydrogen Releasing Compounds (HRCs) barrier, Oxygen Releasing Compounds (ORCs) barrier etc. which are efficient and cost- effective technologies. Excessive biomass formation renders a barrier ineffective in degrading the contaminants, Efforts are made to develop kinetics models which accurately determine bio - fouling and bio - filn formation and to control excessive biomass formation.     

ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY AND SCENARIOS OF URBANIZATION IN ARID AREA——A Case Study in Wuwei City of Gansu Province

1IN T R O D U C T IO N The western China isfacinggrowing problems of eco- logicaland economic development. The disparitiebse- tween the socio-economy of the western and eastern China were enlarging, and the major ecologicalprob- lems stilelvolve as past(H…     

Mobile Agent系统结构及其关键技术

Mobile Agent技术是一门新兴的技术,具有移动性、智能性和异步计算的特点,已成为计算机网络和分布式系统最具活力的发展方向.现对Mobile Agent的概念、系统结构及其关键技术进行了分析和探讨.