鄂尔多斯盆地西峰油田原油地球化学特征及其成因

通过对鄂尔多斯盆地西峰油田原油进行系统地采样和高分辨率的GC-MS、IRMS分析，研究了原油的生物标志化合物和碳同位素组成特征，并且进行了油源对比，探讨了其成因。研究资料指示了所研究原油属于同一成因类型；原油有机母质为菌藻类和高等植物，特别是高等植物为原油的形成作出了贡献；原油形成于弱还原和淡水或微咸水环境;原油均为成熟原油;原油地球化学特征和上三叠统延长组长，油层组具有亲缘关系，反映了原油主要来源于长，油层组。这些研究结果为盆地的石油勘探提供了科学依据。     

“地气图”方法用于省级旱涝预测的实践

简要介绍用“地气图”方法进行降水预测的基本思路,总结此方法的预报实践,指出省级尺度旱涝预测需要解决的几个关键问题,强调除加密观测外,上游地热涡增强的能量频散作用是下游地热涡发展的重要原因     

中尺度对流复合体的热力学特征分析

用合成分析方法探讨ＭＣＣ热力学结构的演变规律,结果表明：ＭＣＣ整个生命史里,对流层中下部为正涡度区,２００ｈＰａ以上为负涡度区;发展时刻辐合区突然抬升;ＭＣＣ前期的垂直上升速度最大中心高度低于后期的;ＭＣＣ的高低空的冷心、中层暖心的温度结构在成熟期以后不明显     

一次强沙尘暴天气的大尺度环流分析

１９９８年４月１４～１９日蒙古和我国北方连续发生２次强沙尘暴天气,沙尘暴减弱后的浮尘随高空西风急流东移,跨越黄海到达韩国南部。通过分析认为,这是一次发生于纬向环流中的沙尘暴天气,主要影响系统是蒙古西部热低压和地面冷锋。     

Carbon and Noble Gas Isotopes in the Tengchong Volcanic Geothermal Area, Yunnan, Southwestern China

Carbon and noble gas isotope analyses are reported for bubbling gas samples from the Tengchong volcanic geothermal area near the Indo-Eurasian suture zone. All samples contain a resolvable component of mantle-derived 3He. Occurrence of mantle-derived 3He coincides with surface volcanism. However, 3He occurs over a larger geographic areathan do surface volcanics. δ13C values for CO2 and CH4 vary from -33.4‰ to 1.6 ‰ and from -52.8‰ to -2.8‰, respectively. He and C isotope systematics indicate that CO2 and CH4 in the CO2-rich gases originated predominantly from magmatic component mixed with crustal CO2 produced from carbonate. However, breakdown of organic matter and near-surface processes accounts for the CH4 and CO2 in N2-rich gases. 3He/4He ratio distribution pattern suggests that mantle-derived He and heat sources of high-temperature system in central Tengchong originate from a hidden magma reservoir at subsurface. CO2-rich gases with the highest 3He/4He ratio (5.2 Ra) may be representative of the     

东南极冰盖内陆深处几个雪坑离子浓度的初步研究

对南极中山站-Dome A断面距海岸800～1 100 km(海拔2 850～3 760 m)的内陆深处3个雪坑进行了雪层剖面观测和雪样化学分析.氧同位素、可见层位特征与主要阴、阳离子浓度的剖面对比分析表明, 同位素季节变化信号不明显, 而太阳辐射冰壳与某些离子(如Na 、 Cl-等)浓度变化有较好的对应.研究区域主要的几种离子如Na 、 Cl-和SO2-4等与东南极内陆其它区域雪坑中的相似, 但NO-3和NH 4有较大差异.在高原中心区域, NO-3沉积后很大部分又逸散返回大气, 因而雪层中平均浓度很低但表面处的浓度却异常地高.在海拔2 850 m处, 各种离子的浓度随深度增加而增加, 在海拔3 750 m处则为相反趋势, 在海拔3 380 m处趋势不明显.如果离子沉降速率保持不变, 这种特征意味着近20 a来降雪积累速率在高原中心区域为减少趋势, 在海拔较低的区域则为增加趋势.在所有雪坑中, Na 和Cl-具有非常好的正相关性, Cl-/Na 为1.24～1.61, 略高于海水中的值(1.168), 说明Cl-虽然主要来源与于海盐, 但仍有一小部分为其它来源.非海盐SO2-4在不同雪坑中显示出不同特征, 对其是否能指示火山喷发等问题还有待于进一步探讨.     

青藏高原西部降水中δ18O变化特征

根据青藏高原西部阿里地区狮泉河气象站和改则气象站取得的降水水样和降水气象资料, 分析了该区域降水中δ18O的变化特征.结果表明: 在长时间尺度上, 狮泉河和改则两站点历次降水中δ18O和气温之间都有较好的正相关, 尤其是降水中月平均δ18O与月平均降水温度之间相关性更加显著, 降水中δ18O主要受"温度效应"的影响.而在其中的某一年, 这种相关性不是很明显, 而且在降水中δ18O和降水时温度之间的相关性很好的年份, 在7月底或8月份初短期内降水中δ18O几乎都有一个突然降低的事件, 这可能与印度季风水汽输送有关.与狮泉河站相比, 在改则降水中δ18O和气温二者之间这种相关性相对较弱, 这与改则当地内陆水循环特别是强烈蒸发引起的降水有关.     

High-Resolution Records of the Holocene Paleoenvironmental Variation Reflected by Carbonate and Its Isotopic Compositions in Bosten Lake and Response to Glacial Activities

Abstract: The Early Holocene paleoclimate in Bosten Lake on the northern margin of the Tarim Basin, southern Xinjiang, is reconstructed through an analysis of a 953 cm long core (BSTC2000) taken from Bosten Lake. Multiple proxies of this core, including the mineral components of carbonate, carbonate content, stable isotopic compositions of carbonate, Ca/Sr, TOC and C/N and C/S of organic matter, are used to reconstruct the climatic change since 8500 a B.P. The chronology model is made by nine AMS 14C ages of leaves, seeds and organic matter contained in two parallel cores. The climate was cold and wet during 8500 to 8100 a B.P. Temperature increased from 8100 to 6400 a B.P., the climate was warm and humid, and the lake expanded. The lake level was highest during this stage. Then from 6400 to 5100 a B.P., the climate became cold and the lake level decreased slightly. During the late mid-Holocene, the climate was hot and dry from 5100 to 3100 a B.P., but there was a short cold period during 4400 to 3800 a B.P. At this temporal interval, a mass of ice and snow melting water supplied the lake at the early time and made the lake level rise. The second highest lake level stage occurred during 5200 to 3800 a B.P. The climate was cool and wet during 3100 to 2200 a B.P., when the lake expanded with decreasing evaporation. The lake had the last short-term high level during 3100 to 2800 a B.P. After this short high lake level period, the lake shrank because of the long-term lower temperature and reduced water supply. From 2200 to 1200 a B.P., the climate was hot and dry, and the lake shrank greatly. Although the temperature decreased somewhat from 1200 a B.P. to the present, the climate was warm and dry. The lake level began to rise a little again, but it did not reach the river bed altitude of the Konqi River, an outflow river of the Bosten Lake.     

兰州地区最古老黄土剖面的粒度学及孢粉学研究

兰州地区最古老黄土剖面露头良好,地层出露较齐全,通过剖面磁性地层研究,确定兰州地区最古老黄土形成于1.84MaBP以前,对山城湾岭黄土剖面进行了粒度及孢粉的研究,探讨了第四纪沉积环境的演化。     

Turbulent intensity and its similarity function over an Inner Mongolian grassland during spring

Macroscopic reason for the development of turbulences in fluid is the conjunction action of velocity and temperature shears. We use the 2008 spring flux observations in the surface layer over Inner Mongolian grassland, obtain the similarity functions of turbulent intensity under different stratification stability conditions, and calculate the clear day turbulent intensity in the spring, which is then analyzed and compared with the observed values of turbulent intensity. The results show that in the Inner Mo...