经肝动脉灌注中药榄香烯乳治疗原发性肝癌30 例临床观察

目的：观察经肝动脉灌注中药榄香烯乳栓塞治疗原发性肝癌肝郁脾虚、瘀毒内结证的临床疗效和安全性。方法：将60 例原发性肝癌患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组各30 例。治疗组采用中药榄香烯经肝动脉灌注栓塞术治疗,对照组采用化疗药物经肝动脉灌注栓塞术治疗。观察2组患者中医临床证候积分、生活质量评分、瘤体客观疗效、毒副作用发生情况及1年生存情况。结果：治疗组在改善中医临床证候、提高生活质量方面优于对照组,组间差异均有统计学意义（P<0.01,P＜0.05）;但在瘤体客观疗效方面与对照组相当,组间差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。2组治疗后毒副作用情况比较,治疗组血红蛋白（HGB）、血小板（PLT）、谷氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、碱性磷酸酶（AKP）4个指标均优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.01）;2组治疗后血液、消化、泌尿系统各指标毒副作用分级情况比较,除HGB、TBIL以外,治疗组各指标分级情况均优于对照组（均P＜0.05）。治疗组生存情况略优于对照组,但组间差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论：采用中药榄香烯经肝动脉灌注栓塞术治疗能明显改善原发性肝癌肝郁脾虚、瘀毒内结证患者的中医临床症状,提高其生活质量,较灌注化疗药物的对照组毒副作用更小,值得进一步研究及推广。     

大黄鱼肝脏免疫保护蛋白的鉴定

本研究以大黄鱼(Larimichthys crocea)肝脏为研究对象,采用比较蛋白质组学技术分析大黄鱼免疫保护后蛋白表达水平的变化。结果发现,对照组和免疫保护组中共有20个表达水平差异显著的蛋白点,经MALDI-TOF-MS分析,获得18个差异蛋白点肽质量指纹图谱(peptide mass fingerprint,PMF),通过数据库查询,与免疫型受体、新型抗原受体等蛋白具有高度同源性。在此基础之上,进一步选取4个蛋白差异点(1、10、14和18号)进行Westen blot验证。结果表明,该4个蛋白差异点可以与所制备的抗体发生特异性的结合,且变化趋势与蛋白质组学分析结果一致。由此推测,免疫型受体等18个蛋白应该与大黄鱼免疫保护密切相关,所获研究结果为揭示大黄鱼免疫保护机理奠定了良好的基础。     

人工岛影响下的海滩修复对策研究——以海口西海岸为例

人工岛建设在缓解滨海人地矛盾的同时带来新的环境问题。本研究聚焦人工岛建设引起的岸滩侵蚀与泥沙分配失衡问题,以海口西海岸为例,建立GENESIS岸线演变模型,探讨人工岛影响下的海滩地貌演化机制,并在此基础上提出“循环养护”的海滩修复对策。主要研究结论为:①海口湾南海明珠人工岛对邻近海滩的影响以“岛后方淤积、两侧侵蚀”为显著特征,且两侧侵蚀热点区的响应幅度存在明显差异。五源河口至新国宾馆岸段侵蚀更为强烈的主导因素为物源匮乏与岸线形态外凸。②通过人工补沙与循环养护相结合的生态修复措施,可实现岸滩泥沙的合理分配与地貌的动态平衡,有效缓解人工岛引起的海岸侵蚀问题。本研究成果可为国内相似类型海岸的岸滩修复提供良好的借鉴意义。     

泥蚶快速生长季生化代谢物的变化特征

研究了象山港泥蚶(Tegillarca granosa)快速生长季(2020年5—11月)糖原、游离氨基酸和脂肪酸等代谢物的组成、含量及其变化,并对其营养特征变化进行了分析。结果显示,7—9月为泥蚶快速生长期,此期前后泥蚶生长缓慢。泥蚶肌肉糖原含量约5.6~11.1mg/g;牛磺酸、丙氨酸、谷氨酸和天冬氨酸是其主要的游离氨基酸;不饱和脂肪酸含量丰富,且主要为多不饱和脂肪酸。生长过程中几种生化代谢物含量变化显著:5—7月间,糖原含量显著降低、氨基酸和脂肪酸组成发生显著变化。7—9月间,糖原含量、生糖和呈味氨基酸含量显著升高、饱和及单不饱和脂肪酸含量显著降低,但脂肪酸组成结构无显著差异。11月,氨基酸及多不饱和脂肪酸含量均显著升高。11月泥蚶具有高的营养品质。本研究为泥蚶养殖管理及水产品营养研究提供参考。     

复方皂角刺膏外敷治疗原发性肝癌重度癌性疼痛28 例临床观察

目的：观察复方皂角刺膏外敷治疗肝癌重度癌性疼痛的临床疗效。方法：将肝癌重度癌性疼痛患者56 例随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组各28 例。对照组予以盐酸羟考酮缓释片治疗,治疗组在对照组基础上加用复方皂角刺膏外敷治疗,疗程均为7 d。观察2组的疼痛强度、使用阿片类止痛药剂量、爆发痛次数及健康状况。结果：总有效率治疗组为92.86%（26/28）,对照组为71.43%（20/28）,2组比较,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。与治疗前比较,2组治疗后数字分级法（NRS）评分、Karnofsky功能状态（KPS）评分均改善,且治疗组改善程度优于对照组（P<0.05或P<0.01）。2组治疗第1天止痛药剂量比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;治疗后治疗组止痛药剂量较对照组减少（P<0.05）。治疗组爆发痛次数少于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：复方皂角刺膏外敷治疗肝癌重度癌性疼痛的镇痛效果明显,能减少阿片类止痛药剂量与爆发痛次数,提高患者生活质量。     

Protective effects of oyster extract against hepatic tissue injury in alcoholic liver diseases

Oyster extract is an effective bioactivity component. It has abundant nutritional value and antiviral, antitumor and immune defense functions. The role of oyster extract in treating liver injury has been paid more attention. We use Wistar rats to make alcoholic liver disease model through injecting alcohol into rats' stomachs. These rats were randomly divided into five groups: model group, control group, low-dose, middle-dose and high-dose experimental group with a dose of 0.12 g kg-1, 0.40 g kg-1, and 1.20 g kg-1 alcoholic. After nine weeks, serum biomarkers(ALT, AST, TG and TCHO), malondialdehyde(MDA), glutathione(GSH), C3a, C5a, IL-17, TNF-ɑ, anti-MAA-HAS IgG, CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, NK cell activation and zinc content were assessed. The results showed that the serum biomarkers(ALT, AST, TG and TCHO), MDA content, anti-MAA-HSA IgG, serum C3a, C5a IL-17 and TNF-ɑ levels of oyster extract treatment groups were significantly decreased in comparison with model group. On the contrary, GSH showed adverse trend. Serum CD3+, CD4+ and NK cell activation were significantly increased in middle-dose group and high-dose group compared with model group, and there was decrease of CD8+ activity in high-dose group. Plasma Zn level was decreased in model group compared with that in control group. Meanwhile, Mean plasma Zn levels increased dramatically following the dose increase of a given oyster extract.     

Determination of nitrate in the blood of the hydrothermal vent tubeworm Riftia pachyptila using a bacterial nitrate reduction assay

The vestimentiferan tubeworm Riftia pachyptila derives most or all of its nutrition from intracellular chemosynthetic bacterial symbionts. Because purified preparations of symbionts respire nitrate, possibly nitrite, and oxygen, host transport of nitrate is a topic of interest. In the present study, we have developed a nitrate detection assay that utilizes a nitrite reductase-deficient Escherichia coli strain for the reduction of nitrate to nitrite, which is then determined spectrophotometrically. Nitrate and nitrite concentrations were measured in the blood and coelomic fluids of R. pachyptila collected from hydrothermal vent sites at 9°N and 13°N. The blood was shown to have nitrate concentrations up to one hundred times that of ambient sea water (40 μM). Blood nitrate levels reached concentrations of>1 mM, while nitrite was measured in the range of 400-700 μM. The concentrations of nitrate and nitrite in the coelomic fluids were 150-240 μM and <20 μM, respectively. The nitrate determination technique we present here is simple, applicable for laboratory and shipboard use on sea water or biological fluids, and works reliably within the 0.5 to 2000 μM range.     

局限性脂肪肝的CT诊断意义

目的 研究局限性脂肪肝发生部位、形态、密度及鉴别诊断方法，提高对该病的认识。资料和方法 筛选40例CT平扫及强化扫描的脂肪肝病例，通过CT值的测量及肝内血管相对密度分级标准，结合强化CT表现进行诊断。结果：40例中29例按肝段分布（72.2%），10例按肝叶分布（22.2%)，1例呈球形（2.2%)。40例平扫均示肝血管湮没，10例呈血管反转。强化扫描均示密度轻度升高，其内血管清晰，走行正常。结论：用CT值。血管相对密度变化，结合强化扫描对局限性脂肪肝有较高的诊断价值。     

Nitrite-induced enhancement of toxicity of phenanthrene in fish and its implications for coastal waters

Coastal areas are prone to varying degrees of anthropogenic chemical contamination. In many coastal environments experiencing reducing conditions in the water column, nitrite is produced as a result of denitrification. With a view to determining the effect of a natural stress such as the presence of nitrite in water on the xenobiotic metabolism in fish, the euryhaline cichlid Oreochromis mossambicus was exposed for up to 9 days to environmentally relevant concentrations of water-borne nitrite and phenanthrene, a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon.Analyses of different biomarkers in the treated fish indicated significant increase in the metabolism of phenanthrene as a result of exposure to nitrite. For example, the activity of the biotransformation enzyme measured as 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase activity was, in the presence of 1 μM nitrite, nearly twice that produced by phenanthrene alone. Similarly, biliary fixed fluorescence values reflecting phenanthrene and its metabolites were rendered 1.7 times higher when exposed simultaneously to nitrite. Contact with nitrite and phenanthrene together also led to severe hepatic damage with possible cell death as inferred from the large enhancement in sorbitol dehydrogenase activity in the serum and reduced liver somatic index.