Shifting of the volcanic fronts during Early to Late Miocene in the Northeast Japan arc

Abstract Recent advanced chronological studies for the Tertiary volcanic rocks from the Northeast (NE) Japan arc revealed three volcanic fronts which differed in temporal and spatial distribution. These fronts were (i) the Matsumae-Shizukuishi-Shiogama line of 22–25 Ma which is obliquely across the Quaternary volcanic front (QVF); (ii) the Tomari-Shiogama line of 13–16 Ma which exists 30–50 km east of the QVF and (iii) a line of 0–8 Ma which is the same as the QVF. The first shifting of the 22–25 Ma line to the 13–16 Ma one was due to the counterclockwise rotation of the NE Japan arc during 20–12 Ma as proposed by Otofuji et al . (1985), and the second shifting of the 13–16 Ma line to the 0–8 Ma line could have contributed to a decrease in the dip of the slab of the Pacific plate which subducted beneath the NE Japan arc during 13–8 Ma.     

液动冲击器与液压凿岩机的比较与启示

通过时液动冲击器与液压凿岩机的比较，提出了两点看法：（１）液压凿岩机的大液压小流量及高的能量利用系数，对液动冲击器的研制有借鉴作用；（２）水的液体弹簧性质对提高液动冲击器的工作性能具有重要作用。     

青藏高原热状况与青海东部春季降水

本文选取青藏高原主体上的长波射出辐射距平指数和高原气温距平指数表征青藏高原热状况，它们都与大气环流和副热带高压的活动有着比较密切的关系。普查高原热状况与下一年青藏东部春季降水的相关关系，得到４个预报因子，建立回归方程。经１９９２年预报检验，效果良好。     

初夏昆明罕见大暴雨分析

１９８６年６月６－７日，云南昆明出现了１９５１年以来一次最大暴雨。天气学与诊断分析表明，初夏云南可产生单点局地大暴雨，量级与盛夏、秋季相当。５００ｈＰａ干冷槽东移，７００ｈＰａ双涡吸引旋转西移，地面弱冷空气诱发静止锋锋生，强垂直风切变，昆明上空出现正反环流圈是该次过程的主要特征，与低纬度原地区区域性大－暴雨特征不同。     

区域地形影响下冷锋后飑线的数值模拟

本文设计了一个加地形并含详细边界层参数化方案的十三层有限区域细网格模式，并对1983年4月28日冷锋后方、大别山东侧干锋触发形成的近似垂直于冷锋的飑线过程进行了模拟。通过和无地形模式模拟结果的比较，表明区域地形的诱发作用是大别山东侧一类飑线形成的可能原因。文中还模拟了冷区飑线的热力、动力结构，其主要特征和观测研究的结果是一致的。     

东北冷涡的时空分布特征及其与东亚大型环流系统之间的关系

文章用３５年（１９５６－１９９０）资料，对东北冷涡的时空分布特征，及其与东亚大型环流系统之间的关系做了研究，发现东北冷涡的出现不仅在时间上有相对的集中期，在地理分布上有着明显的密集性，并且东亚地区阻塞高压的异常发展及位置变化、西太平洋副高的强度及位置变化等对东北冷涡的形成和发展均具有至关重要的影响。      

A NUMERICAL EXPERIMENT STUDY ON THE FORMING MECHANISMS OF LOW-LATITUDE CIRCULATION CELLS AND PRECIPITATION DURING AN EAST ASIAN COLD SURGE

The forming mechanisms of low-latitude circulation cells and precipitation during an East Asian cold surge have been studied by using a five-layer primitive equation model.Numerical experiments show that in mid-high latitudes,the propagation of the East Asian winter monsoon is nearly a dry process;in low-latitudes,the effects of cumulus convection intensify the northeast monsoon and northeast trade wind;however,they also prevent the intertropical convergence zone(ITCZ) from further southward invasion,and strengthen the meridional and zonal cells over East Asia. Numerical results also indicate that the winter monsoon precipitation in Indonesia and Northern Australia can exist independently.Both the South China Sea(SCS) cold surge and the West Pacific northeast cross-equatorial trade wind are of importance for the formation of the Northern Australia summer monsoon and its precipitation.Numerical results show that the development of cumulus convection,triggered by the SCS cold surge,is a crucial factor in forming the heavy monsoon precipitation and low-level stationary disturbances in Indonesia and Borneo.The tropical topography and northeast trade wind disturbances only affect the intensity of precipitation there.     

红河断裂北段地球化学分段特征及其与地震活动性的关系

红河断裂是我国境内主要的区域性活动断裂之一，根据地震地质特征，它被分为南北两段。本文引入一种新的分段法—地球化学分段法，依据断裂上温泉的密度、热储温度、循环深度和ＣＯ＿２、Ｆ、Ｌｉ、Ｓｒ、Ｂ的含量等特征，把红河断裂北段进一步划分为四个亚段。笔者认为断裂带中的流体对断裂各亚段弱化程度的不同，是引起各个亚段地震活动性差异的主要原因。     

天山北坡中段春季融雪洪水及其灾害成因研究

天山北坡是新疆多雪地区之一，其中乌苏至乌鲁木齐－带的山麓地带，和山前平原纳洪地区春季赖洪水及其灾害频繁。研究结果表明，这里的春季融雪洪水及其灾害除了与促进春季积雪强烈消融的气象因素有关外，还和这里的地貌条件与受地貌条件影响的冷期降雪有关。研究区玛纳斯褶皱前山及其纵谷是地域宽阔的中、低山区、在冷期形成较多降雪并大量积聚，导致春季融雪洪水灾害时有发生。     

永春桃东温泉地震预报效果分析

1986年以来台湾省花莲、菲律宾(?)、福建省南日岛海域及蓬壶发生过几次地震,发震前桃东温泉井的水量、水氡含量均有明显的规律性变化,可作为短期地震预报的重要信息。笔者认为其变因与温泉所处的地质构造及地貌环境密切相关。