红河断裂深部震源环境介质力学性质分析

应用震源波谱分析对红河断裂带深部震源环境介质力学性质和地质资料的研究,证明在弥渡以南的红河断裂深部存在有利于蠕滑活动的环境介质条件,从而对红河断裂地震活动的不均匀性提出了新的解释     

The Attenuation Law of Horizontal Peak Acceleration on the Rock Site in Yunnan Area

In this paper,we select 131 accelerograms observed in the Yunnan area and cite 114 accelerograms from western America.By statistical regression analysis,we get two separate acceleration attenuation formulations based on the data of Yunnan and those of both Yunnan and western America.By analyzing and comparing the above results with the result deprived from intensity-earthquake ground motion,this paper proposes the formula below,which may show the acceleration attenuation feature of the Yunnan area:Ap=1291.07e0.5275Ms(R 15)-t.5785     

基于VC＋＋的气象要素客观预报集成系统软件开发

该文简要介绍了基于vC＋＋开发的运行于Windows环境下的气象要素客观预报集成系统软件的设计。该软件采用模块化设计方案，系统界面采用灵活直观的菜单方式和美观便捷的按钮方式。文中详细描述了该软件各模块的主要功能以及软件实现和操作的具体过程。借助MICAPS平台和GRADS平台实现的文本和图形显示功能是该系统提供给用户的主要输出方式。实践证明整个系统运行稳定，具有实用性和可扩展性强的特点。     

北大巴山花栎村镁铁质岩地球化学、年代学及其构造环境制约

北大巴山岚皋花栎村镁铁质岩为一套辉绿岩、辉长辉绿岩、辉绿玢岩和辉长岩组合,主要组成矿物为单斜辉石、长石,副矿物主要为铁钛氧化物等。镁铁质岩地球化学特征表现为高TiO_2(2.26%~7.30%)、TFe_2O_3(11.17%~17.0%)、较低的MgO(2.96%~5.52%)及较高的全碱含量(K_2O+Na_2O=3.07%~6.76%),属于典型的碱性辉长岩系列,Mg~#值(36~42)较高,表明岩体来源于高度演化的岩浆。微量元素特征显示富集大离子亲石元素Ba、Pb,稀土元素配分曲线显示明显的轻稀土元素富集特征(La_N/Yb_N=9.34~13.05),微量和稀土元素综合显示似洋岛玄武岩的地球化学特征。花栎村镁铁质岩LA-ICP-MS锆石年龄为436.9±2.4Ma,与相邻地区岩体形成年代一致,综合限定北大巴山地区岩浆活动时代为早志留世。岩体表现为EMⅠ、EMⅡ和少量HIMU的混和富集地幔源区特征及地幔柱源区特征,地幔动力学分析表明,早志留世或之前北大巴山地区可能存在一期与俯冲相关的弧后拉张作用导致下部岩浆上涌侵位,最终完成该区岩浆作用。     

扬子西缘荥经地区三叠纪碎屑物源分析

扬子西缘早三叠世处于伸展环境,而晚三叠世为前陆盆地。扬子西缘三叠系保存较好,是研究三叠纪构造转换物源响应方面的理想场所。本文根据重矿物电子探针和碎屑锆石测年,分析三叠系的物质来源,进而探讨与构造环境的对应关系。电气石探针结果显示,下三叠统主要源自贫锂花岗岩类伴生伟晶岩和细晶岩、变质板岩、变质砂岩、钙质硅酸盐岩和电气石石英岩,上三叠统主要来自贫锂花岗岩类伴生伟晶岩和细晶岩、贫钙变质板岩、变质砂岩和电气石石英岩,且自下三叠统至上三叠统变板岩和变砂岩的物源区比重逐渐增加;尖晶石显示,下三叠统砂岩主要来自大火成岩省、洋岛玄武岩和岛弧玄武岩类,上三叠统主要来自岛弧玄武岩类。碎屑锆石U-Pb测年结果表明,早三叠世碎屑锆石峰值为251~265 Ma、460~535 Ma和544~987 Ma,晚三叠世碎屑锆石峰值为228~251 Ma、255~387 Ma、429~523 Ma、573~954 Ma、1720~2004 Ma和和2453~2494 Ma。综合分析表明,下三叠统沉积物主要来自峨眉山玄武岩、康滇古陆,少量来自南秦岭造山带,而上三叠统的物源区主要为峨眉山玄武岩、康滇古陆、秦岭造山带和华北板块。三叠系物源的差异,主要与晚三叠世秦岭造山带与扬子板块碰撞有关。     

南秦岭武当山十堰地区中生代镁铁质岩石成因与构造意义——岩石地球化学、锆石U-Pb年龄和Hf同位素制约

南秦岭的北大巴山-武当山-十堰-随州一带发育大规模的镁铁质岩墙群,其岩石学成因为地质学家所广泛关注。本文对其中的武当山十堰地区黄龙-方滩一带发育的辉长岩体开展了全岩地球化学、SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄以及LA-MC-ICP-MS锆石Hf同位素组成研究。结果表明,辉长岩形成于晚三叠世（221.2±2.5 Ma）;岩石地球化学组成显示辉长岩为亚碱性拉斑玄武岩系列,轻稀土富集重稀土亏损,其平滑右倾的稀土配分模式与E-MORB相似;中等Ti、Zr、Hf、Nb含量,亏损Rb、Sr等大离子亲石元素,以及结晶年龄锆石的εHf(t）值在-13.5至-6.18之间,表明岩石具有古老的两阶段Hf模式年龄（2103~1640 Ma）。综合分析表明：该套辉长岩岩浆为尖晶石二辉橄榄岩低压、中等程度部分熔融形成,并且其源区为亏损地幔与富集地幔组分混合成因;结合区域构造演化的相关资料,认为该套E-MORB性质辉长岩形成于类似汇聚边缘的构造环境,可能为受勉略洋壳俯冲影响,为俯冲-碰撞造山阶段产物。     

云南东川播卡-拖布卡地区含金石英脉的^40Ar／^39Ar年龄及其地质意义

东川播卡-拖布卡地区金矿是云南中部"康滇地轴"中、新元古界昆阳群岩石中发现的第一个金矿,位于接近三江褶皱带的扬子地块西缘.原生金矿化为含金黄铁矿石英脉、细脉、网脉和浸染状石英黄铁矿.四个不同产状的典型含金石英脉的石英的阶段加热40Ar/39Ar年龄谱为马鞍形,坪年龄值范围为59.93±0.21～42.38±0.32 Ma,最小视年龄范围59.30±4.30～41.90±1.8 Ma,与计算坪年龄加热阶段相应数据的40Ar-39Ar等时线年龄范围59.34±0.17～41.25±0.10 Ma,三者基本一致.等时线年龄计算的相关系数大于0.998,40Ar/3 6Ar初始值范围为293.17±1.40～295.2±0.43,与尼尔值一致.石英形成后没有受到后期地质作用.石英样品的坪年龄没有受到过剩氩和氩丢失的影响,可以作为石英和金矿的年龄.金矿形成于新生代第三纪古新世和始新世初的陆内拉张地质构造环境中.     

Time-space Evolution Pattern and Numerical Analysis of Wave Velocity Ratios Before Lijiang and Ninglang Earthquakes

Dynamic tracing of space-time evolution pattern of wave velocity ratio before the Lijiang earthquake with M=7.0 occurred on February 3, 1996 in northwestern Yunnan. We compared the Ninglang earthquakes with M=6.7 and M=6.4 which occurred on November 7 and December 13. 1976, 90 km away from the Lijiang earthquake. We found that the space-time evolution patterns of velocity that various authors' studied at different times are very similar.Anomaly areas of wave velocity ratio with high values appeared in the seismogenic areas 5 -7 years before the strong earthquake. Anomalies with low values in large areas appeared 3-4 years before the earthquake. Once again the anomaly areas of wave velocity ratio with high values appear in a lower range 1 ~2 years before. The strong earthquake occurred in the overlapping area of two high value anomaly areas, surrounded by the anomaly areas with low values. The monthly mean values of wave velocity ratio before the two strong earthquakes had maintained low value anomalies     

滇东北伴(共)生锗矿地质特征及成因探讨

长期以来,习惯上将伴(共)生锗矿的成因,归属于主金属矿的成因。代表性的会泽矿其主流派的成因认识是沉积一改造成因,而且是与岩浆岩无关的改造作用。通过对滇东北伴(共)生锗与酸性岩有关的地质特性、另一组与酸性岩有关的伴生元素的存在和深受二次矿化叠加富矿存在的事实的分析与研究,认为会泽矿深部存在尚未被揭露的与晚期主要叠加矿化有关的酸性岩体。提出早期的火山热液与晚期岩浆热液复式成矿的新观点。合理解释了在相关准地台构造单调,地表又无岩浆岩的会泽地区会产出一个超大型富锗-铅锌矿床的根本原因。     

Effects of oil dispersants on settling of marine sediment particles and particle-facilitated distribution and transport of oil components

This work investigated effects of three model oil dispersants (Corexit EC9527A, Corexit EC9500A and SPC1000) on settling of fine sediment particles and particle-facilitated distribution and transport of oil components in sediment-seawater systems. All three dispersants enhanced settling of sediment particles. The nonionic surfactants (Tween 80 and Tween 85) play key roles in promoting particle aggregation. Yet, the effects varied with environmental factors (pH, salinity, DOM, and temperature). Strongest dispersant effect was observed at neutral or alkaline pH and in salinity range of 0–3.5 wt%. The presence of water accommodated oil and dispersed oil accelerated settling of the particles. Total petroleum hydrocarbons in the sediment phase were increased from 6.9% to 90.1% in the presence of Corexit EC9527A, and from 11.4% to 86.7% for PAHs. The information is useful for understanding roles of oil dispersants in formation of oil-sediment aggregates and in sediment-facilitated transport of oil and PAHs in marine eco-systems.