TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE EFFECT OF SECONDARY FLOWS IN DEPTH AVERAGED MORPHODYNAMIC SIMULATIONS

1 INTRODUCTIONThe numerical simulation of morphological changes in rivers, estuaries and coastal areas is because ofits econondcal merit an outstanding scientific task. The comPlexity of the problem is connected with theheterogeneity of the sediment material, an adequate rePresentation of the involved hydrOdynndc stressesand the large comPutational effort fOr long term simulations.Although the aPpllcation of three dimensional models tO engineering problems is increasing and wellvalldate…     

ON THE NUMBER OF FRACTIONS TO COMPUTE TRANSPORT OF SEDIMENT MIXTURES

1 INTRODUCTIONMany hydro-momhological mathematical models neglect the innuence of river bed maerialheterogeneity and its time and space changes during transport and related erosion/dePosition processes. Inthese models a rePresentative diameter of the river bed grain-size distribution (for examPle d5o) isspecified as initial data in each comPutational point of the modeled domain. Different d5o can be assignedto each ghd point but temPoral changes in bed material gradation cannot be simula…     

Chemical Characteristics of Stream Draining fromDudu Glacier: An Alpine Meltwater Stream inGanga Headwater, Garhwal Himalaya

I-DtjcrONAlpine environment enjoys a distinct set of physicochemical conditions asl compared to other aqueous systems. Thehydrochemical characteristics of meltwater draining from thisenvironment are different from the other aqueous ecosystemsdue to their mountainous nature and extreme cold climatic conditions. The high concentration of various chemical constitu.ents in meltwater shows the intensive chemical weathering inthe basin. The rapid physical weathering due tO grinding actionof the gl…     

加固滑坡时作用在桩上的应力

桩已被广泛地用来稳定滑坡，因此，预测桩周土可能引起的效应和最大应力在加固设计中起着重要的作用。本文论太以地基反力系数概念依据的一种数值分析，在此概念中，桩上的荷载与土桩相对位移之间用了一种非线性的双曲线性关系。介绍一些实体观测对比结果，以便证实该模式的可靠性并估计移动土的承载力系数，对桩土相互作用的极限条件以及可能出现的破坏模式也作了研究。     

俄罗斯远东地区碱性—超基性杂岩体成因与地幔之关系

本文以俄远东地区康捷尔型（钠质专属性特点）、依纳格林型（钾质专属性特点）同心环状碱性－超基性杂岩体为例，论述了该二种类型杂岩体的岩石学、岩石化学及地球化学、产出特征等。前者岩浆岩以Na偏高为特征，K2O／Na2O=0.1-0.7(Na2O含量介于1．7％－8．1％），并与金伯利岩、似金伯利岩密切共生，有时可能含有金刚石副矿物；后者类型岩浆岩以钾偏高为特征（K2O／Na2O=3.3-13.2)，多产出于张性构造裂谷带或中生代地堑带，与之共生的有钾镁煌斑岩及类钾镁煌斑岩等。上述系列岩浆后，在成因上与基性－超基性岩石组合密切相关，并具有地幔生成特点。同时，不同类型岩浆岩的形成作用主要取决于构造背景之差异和地幔交代作用。     

气候系统的热量收支

气候系统的热量收支Б．Ａ．КａЛａＨ；Ｂ．Ａ．ＰябｅＨкｏ；Ａ．Ｃ．Ｃａфｐａи由所谓的太阳常数（日地平均距离上的太阳辐射通量，其最大可能值在１３６８—１３７７瓦特／米２范围内）以及地球转轴的倾斜角度、地球轨道的偏心率和近日点的经度所决定的日射是气...     

加拿大东海岸冬季风暴的分析

利用加拿大大气环境局第二次冬季风暴观测（简称ＣＡＳＰⅡ）的部分资料，对加拿在东海岸冬季风暴的发生，发展情况进行了分析，结果表明，大多数风暴能达到爆发性发展程度，并对其中一个形成眼区的强风暴例子做了进一步讨论。     

三维后方交会

传统的二维后方交会有3个已知点,在未知点上观测两个水平角以求得未知点坐标,或有两个已知点,在未知点上观测一个水平角和一个方位角也可求得未知坐标。本文所要叙述的是在未知点上向两个已知点观测一个水平角和两个垂直角,就可计算出它的三维坐标。下面将给出它的几何原理和计算过程,并对误差进行简要分析。