海产腹足类有机锡化合物的检测方法

三丁基锡(TBT)等有机锡化合物因其毒性及结构上的特点被广泛应用于船舶、网箱渔排等的防污涂料中.它的主要作用是在水体中持久地释放出可以有效杀死海洋污损生物的毒性物质,从而达到防护船舶、渔排等体表的目的[1],然而进入海洋环境的有机锡化合物在防污的同时也会影响到许多非靶生物,并对海洋生态系统的结构与功能产生严重的危害,被认为是迄今为止人为引入海洋环境毒性最大的物质之一[2～4].因此,检测海洋生物体内的有机锡含量成为对有机锡污染生态效应调查与研究不可缺少的手段[5～7].     

Cerium anomaly and cerium thermodynamics in the sea water

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海湾区海水中的溶存甲烷 Ⅰ.分布特征及成因

本文基于日本东京湾、伊势湾和浜名湖的调查资料，详细地讨论了海湾区海水中溶存甲烷的分布特征、成因及其来源。溶存甲烷在海湾中的分布主要受物理混合过程所控制；由河流携入和沉积物中产生是海湾区海水中溶存甲烷的两个主要来源。     

Design and on-orbit status of the trigger system for the DAMPE mission

DArk Matter Particle Explorer(DAMPE), the first Chinese astronomical satellite, was successfully launched at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center on 2015 Dec. 17. DAMPE consists of four subdetectors: Plastic Scintillator array Detector(PSD), Silicon-Tungsten tracKer-converter(STK), Bismuth Germanium Oxide(BGO) imaging calorimeter and NeUtron Detector(NUD). The global hardware trigger signal, which is generated by hits from the BGO calorimeter and the trigger logic board in the data acquisition system(DAQ), is responsible for event selection and DAQ synchronization of DAMPE. On orbit,to improve the detection efficiency, different trigger logics are used for event selection in different regions of latitude. The DAMPE trigger system compresses the average on-orbit trigger rate to 60 Hz and reduces science data mass to less than 13 GB per day to meet the requirement for the satellite's data link. The whole trigger system has run stably up to now, ensuring excellent on-orbit operation of DAMPE.     

STUDIES ON THE INGESTION CHARACTERISTICS OF GIANT FRESHWATER PRAWN, CHINESE PRAWN AND GIANT TIGER PRAWN

ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＡｔｐｒｅｓｅｎｔｇｉａｎｔｆｒｅｓｈｗａｔｅｒｐｒａｗｎ (Ｍａｃｒｏｂｒａｃｈｉｕｍｒｏｓｅｎｂｅｒｇｉｉ) ,Ｃｈｉｎｅｓｅｓｈｒｉｍｐ (Ｐｅｎａｅｕｓｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ)ａｎｄｇｉａｎｔｔｉｇｅｒｐｒａｗｎ (Ｐ .ｍｏｎｏｄｏｎ)ａｒｅｔｈｅｍａｉｎｓｈｒｉｍｐｓｆｏｒｃｕｌｔｕｒｅｉｎＣｈｉｎａ.Ａｓｗｅｋｎｏｗ ,ｆｅｅｄｓｔｕｆｆｃｏｓｔｉｓａｍａｊｏｒｅｘｐｅｎｓｅｉｔｅｍｉｎｃｕｌｔｕｒｅｐｒａｃｔｉｃｅ.Ｏｖｅｒｆｅｅｄｉｎｇｗｉｌｌｎｏｔｏｎｌｙｗａｓｔｅｆｅｅ…     

1957~2016年中国农业界限温度时空变化研究

利用中国830个气象站点1957~2016年地面气象观测资料,采用五日滑动平均法和GIS方法确定了近60 a农业界限温度（0℃、5℃、10℃）的初终日期和持续日数,并比较分析1957~1986年和1987~2016年2个时段的≥0℃、≥5℃和≥10℃农业界限温度的初终日期和持续日数的变化情况。结果表明：与1957~1986年相比,1987~2016年中国农业界限温度（0℃、5℃、10℃）的总体变化规律基本一致,即初日提前、终日推迟、持续日数增加,各地区变化幅度不同,东北、华北和青藏高原地区变化幅度最大。中国各界限温度的终日变化幅度均较小,初日和持续日数变化较大。≥0℃初日在东北北部和青藏高原地区分别提前3~9 d和3~15 d,持续日数在东北和华北部分地区分别增加3~15 d和2~18 d,青藏高原部分地区增加4~16 d;≥5℃初日在东北和华中地区分别提前4~9 d和6~13 d,持续日数在东北、华北部分地区分别增加4~13 d和2~14 d,青藏高原地区增加2~23 d;≥10℃初日在东北和青藏高原地区分别提前2~9 d和2~13 d,持续日数在东北和青藏高原地区变化最为显著,分别增加3~15 d和5~25 d。农业界限温度的初终日期和持续日数变化,使作物生育期延长和种植界线北移。     

万福煤矿不同含水率砂岩蠕变力学特性试验研究

为研究深部巷道围岩在地下水作用下的长期蠕变力学特性,采用自主研制的深部软岩五联流变试验系统,开展不同含水率(0%、0.8%、1.6%、2.4%、3.3%)下砂岩吸水软化单轴压缩试验及单轴蠕变试验。通过试验结果研究表明：砂岩的单轴抗压强度、弹性模量和蠕变破坏应力与含水率呈指数下降关系,蠕变破坏应力与单轴抗压强度的比值在0.76～0.84之间;砂岩衰减蠕变阶段时间随着含水率的增加而减少,随应力水平的增加而增加。径向应变比轴向应变先进入稳态蠕变阶段,破坏应力下径向应变的加速蠕变阶段开始时间要先于轴向应变;基于稳态蠕变速率曲线确定了砂岩的长期强度,径向稳态蠕变速率确定的值略小于轴向,长期强度与含水率之间满足负指数关系;将蠕变试验中径向应变与轴向应变之比定义为μ_c,提出了基于μ_c值的岩石长期强度确定方法且μ_c值与含水率无关,对于本次砂岩样品可以认为μ_c值大于0.3时样品会在一定时间内发生加速蠕变破坏;随着含水率的增加,样品破坏形态由单斜面剪切破坏逐渐演变至X状共轭斜面剪切破坏。研究结果为地下水作用下巷道长期稳...     

Investigation of Instability and Blasting Caving Technology of Composite Support Structure in the Goaf of Gypsum Mine

According to the structure form of room and pillar goaf in gypsum mine, the mechanical model of pillar roof composite supporting structure was established in this research. Based on the cusp catastrophe theory and energy dissipation theory, the energy dissipation relationship of the support structure was analyzed, and a new instability criterion of the support system was derived by introducing the control parameters α and β. On this basis, the study of blasting caving was carried out. The influence of row spacing and hole depth on blasting caving was analyzed using ANSYS/LS DYNA software. The blasting influence range, stress wave attenuation and vibration velocity attenuation indices are obtained, and the blasting parameters such as the optimal distance and depth of blast holes between pillars and roof were optimized. Based on the results of theoretical analysis and numerical, combined with the engineering geological conditions of Dahan gypsum mine, the practical study of blasting caving was carried out. The caving scheme and caving sequence was determined, then the blasting caving effect was analyzed. The caving effect was found to be good, and the applicability of the theoretical model is verified.

     

A study of the environmental influence on the amplitude of lee waves

A three-layer theoretical model is used to calculate the lee wave of a real example occurring over Blue Ridge in Pittsburgh, in which the maximum vertical velocity is 0.11 m s^-1. Based on this, the influence of changes in the thickness and values of the Scorer parameter in each layer are analyzed. It is shown that the influence of each layer parameters on the lee-wave amplitude is different, and the amplitude is more sensitive to the changes in the lower layer. Since the environment changes can affect the Scorer parameter profile, the influence of the environment on the amplitude is studied. The results show that the amplitude will decrease in the daytime because of solar heating, and increase at night because of radiational cooling, according to observational data. The case is also simulated by the Advanced Regional Prediction System （ARPS） model. The simulated amplitude is 0.089 m s^-1, which is close to the calculated result. Numerical sensitivity experiments are performed to test the former calculated experiments. The simulated results are consistent with the analytically calculated results.     

一次暴雨的湿位涡分析及EVAD技术应用

利用NCEP/NCAR再分析资料和实测资料对2004年6月24-25日的一次江苏暴雨过程进行了分析,并且根据湿位涡守恒原理和倾斜涡度发展理论,对这次暴雨过程中的湿位涡进行了诊断分析,结果表明:此次暴雨由中尺度低涡、切变线直接触发产生;西南低空急流的稳定维持为这次暴雨的发生提供了重要的水汽条件;当负湿位涡向上的扰动高度增加、强度增强,高低空正负湿位涡区配合较好时常会出现强降水.另外,利用EVAD技术由多普勒雷达基数据定量计算了这次过程的平均散度场,通过分析其演变情况,发现:低层散度场由辐散逐渐向辐合过渡、高层散度场由辐合逐渐向辐散过渡时,预示着强降水将要发生,如果出现相反的变化趋势,则降水减弱或停止;低层由辐散向辐合、高层由辐合向辐散的转折出现时间早于强降水出现的时间,对强降水产生有预示作用,对预报员准确作出短时临近预报预警具有重要实际应用价值.