零漂改正对中国地壳运动观测网络重力数据处理的影响

基于中国地壳运动观测网络2000年流动重力观测数据,分析18台LCR-G型相对重力仪的零漂特性。结果显示,重力仪零漂率在某些时段变化较大,最大达10 μGal/h以上。根据重力仪零漂改正的不同处理方法,利用传统平差模型与改进模型对观测数据进行平差计算,并对结果进行比较。在相同先验中误差的情况下,传统平差模型的后验中误差为39 μGal,重力值平均精度为26.5 μGal,而改进模型的后验中误差为16.5 μGal,重力值平均精度为11.2 μGal,远高于传统平差模型。在数据预处理阶段按闭合观测分段进行零漂改正,可以有效消除重力仪零漂剧烈变化的影响,明显优于将仪器零漂率当作固定参数的计算方法。     

DZW重力仪非线性零漂的贝叶斯估计方法

提出一种利用重力观测数据得到DZW重力仪非线性零漂的新方法。该方法核心算法为贝叶斯公式,原理为以零漂的连续性作为先验约束条件,考虑重力观测数据浮动产生的偏差,将每个采样点零漂的均值和方差作为超参数进行求解。该算法可以重复运算,随着计算次数的增加,超参数会趋向于收敛极限,从而得到最优解。经过数据验证,该算法可以精准得到非线性零漂曲线。零漂校正后重力观测值的方差为1.595 53×10^-10 μGal²,可为DZW重力仪的测量精度提供保证。     

洱海水位变化对下关基准点绝对重力观测的影响

分析了20世纪90年代以来在下关基准点上进行的绝对重力重复测量数据及洱海的水文资料。结果显示:2001年12月观测值偏大的主要原因是洱海季节性水位变化,其影响可达10.3×10-8ms-2。     

拉科斯特G型重力仪测量精度的统计分析

本文对拉科斯特G型重力仪特性、零漂特征、格值误差、测量精度以及《地震重力重复测量规范》中有关自差互差等问题作了讨论。认为:拉科斯特重力仪具有性能稳定,零漂小,观测精度高的优点,各仪器之间的系统误差不明显,格值误差极小;规范中规定的30×10~(-8)m/s~2自差和3S×10~(-8)m/s~2互差偏大。建议改为20×10~(-8)m/s~2和25×10~(-8)m/s~2为宜。     

动态与静态平差方法在流动重力数据处理中的对比研究

为研究重力时变因素对流动重力网数据处理结果的影响,利用动态和静态2种平差方法对南北地震带南段流动重力观测数据进行处理,并对2种方法的重力变化结果进行对比分析。结果表明：1）重力时变因素会导致静态平差方法计算的重力变化结果存在误差,对0.5 a和1 a时间尺度下的重力变化具有较为明显的影响,但对2 a以上时间尺度下的重力变化影响较小,因此计算0.5 a和1 a时间尺度下的重力变化时宜采用动态平差方法;2）研究区内九寨沟7.0级、长宁6.0级和漾濞6.4级地震的发震地点与重力变化零值线具有较好的对应关系,重力变化图像可反映3次地震的发震背景。     

水库重力测量检测非牛顿引力的实验数据分析新方法

本文提出水库重力测量检测非牛顿引力的实验数据分析新方法。利用近一天两重力仪的重力差值信号,基于同液面高度变化水体重力信号相等这一具有明显物理意义的准则,建立仪器零漂信号多项式系数矢量的矩阵方程,通过极大似然反演比较严格地计算漂移信号,并从中提取检测信号。实例计算结果表明:(1)当数据充分、漂移多项式阶数取值适当时,该方法完全有效;(2)在现有水库实验的设备和技术条件下,测定万有引力常数G对实验室值的偏离精度可达0.15％,优于矿井实验和先前水库实验的分析结果;若进一步改善水面高度测量,检测精度还可明显提高;(3)Hornberg水库实验重力仪G709在0.4％的精度范围内,未发现G对实验室值的偏离。     

CG-5重力仪的漂移特征

基于实验数据,从静态漂移和动态漂移两个方面对CG-5重力仪的零漂特性进行系统分析。结果发现,CG-5重力仪的零漂值（静态漂移率和动态漂移率）较高,幅值随时间变化逐渐减小,最终趋于稳定;静态漂移率和动态漂移率总体随空间纬度（重力值读数段）增大而减小,但个体差异较大。     

原平地震的地面重力变化特征

利用山西地区的流动重力观测资料,分析2009年和2016年原平2次地震不同时间尺度的重力场演变特征。结果表明：1）0.5 a尺度重力场变化图像较好地反映了这2次地震震前变化较小→反向变化→在重力变化高梯度带零等值线附近发震→震后调整的演化过程;2）不同时间尺度重力场均显示,地震发生在重力变化梯度带零等值线附近,地震前重力变化量约为40～50 μGal。     

CG-5重力仪零漂稳定性评估

对4台购于不同时期的CG-5重力仪进行零漂稳定性分析，提出运用拟合直线相关系数来评估仪器的静态零漂稳定性，以及运用平均动态零漂率来评估仪器的动态零漂稳定性。数据处理结果证明，该方法能有效地评估CG-5重力仪的零漂稳定性特征。     

Burris重力仪性能测试

在武汉重力基准点和庐山短基线场对5台Burris重力仪进行了静、动态测试,数据处理结果表明,Burris重力仪的动态观测精度优于15.0×10 ^-8 ms ^-2,静、动态零漂率很小且均呈线性,重复性标准差优于5.0×10 ^-8 ms ^-2。     

Thermohaline structure inhomogeneity associated with polynia at the northern margin of Emery Ice-shelf

Based on the hydrographic data in austral summer during the 22nd Antarctic Expedition of China(2005/2006),some features can be found about the northern margin of Emery ice shelf as follows.The heat content in the surface layer(0-50 m) at the eastern end and the western end of the ice-shelf margin is much higher than that at the middle.The upper mixing-layer depth and the seasonal thermocline depth at the middle of the ice-shelf northern margin are much shallower than those at the both ends.However there is much less difference between the middle and the ends in the bottom layer.The remote sensing photos show that the inhomogeneity in the surface-layer water is closely related to the spatial distribution of the floes and polynia in the area.     

Phylogenetic analysis of cultivable bacteria isolated from Arctic sea-ice

Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA of 8 strains of cultivable bacteria isolated from Arctic sea-ice was studied.The results showed that strain BJ1 belonged to genus Planococcus,which was a genus of low mole percent G C gram-positive bacteria;strain BJ6 belonged to genus Burkholderia of β-proteobacteria and the rest 6 strain all belonged to γ-proteobacteria,of which strain BJ8 was a species of Pseudoalteromonas,strain BJ2-BJ5 and BJ7 were members of genus Psychrobacter.Phylogenetic analysis also indicated that bacteria of genus Psychrobacter of the isolates formed a relatively independent phylogenetic cluster in comparison with other bacteria belonged to genus Psychrobacter.     

Information for authors

正1 Aims and Scope Advances in Polar Science(APS)is an international,peer-reviewed journal jointly sponsored by the Polar Research Institute of China and the Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration.APS is a comprchensive academic journal dedicated to presentation of multi-disciplinary achievements in Arctic and Antarctic expeditions and research.Its primary purpose is to publish achievements in fundamental research,applied     

Advances in Polar Science CONTENTS(Volume 25,2014)

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Guide to Authors： Journal of Mountain Science

<正>AIMS AND SCOPE(Editorial Policy)The Journal of Mountain Science(JMS)is devoted to mountains and their surrounding lowlands-ecoregions of particular global importance,with a particular emphasis on the important highlands/mountains in the world,such as the Tibetan Plateau,the Himalayas,the Alps,the Andes,the Rockies and many other mountain ranges of our planet.     

Journal of Mountain Science(JMS)

<正>The Journal of Mountain Science(JMS),founded in2004,is an international English-language journal on mountain sciences.JMS is supervised by the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS),sponsored by the Chengdu Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment,CAS,published by Science Press China,and distributed by Springer exclusively throughout the world(excluding Mainland China).The JMS is published bimonthly,fulltexted in SpringerLink and CNKI,indexed/abstracted by     

Foreword

正Rapid changes of Arctic sea ice cover have been in the focus of the international climate research community in recent years.Quite a few of nations have completed a large number of related surveys and research projects in the Arctic Ocean.Up to now,China has performed six research cruises to the Arctic Ocean resulting in a significant volume of research output.Improved knowledge on the atmospheree-sea ice-ocean interactions in the Arctic is a     

Exposure ages and radiogenic ages of ureilite(GRV 024516) and ordinary chondrite(GRV 024517) from Antarctica

The GRV 024516 and GRV 024517 meteorite samples collected from Grove Montains,Antactica are ureilite and H5 ordinary chondrite,respectively.Based on the study of mineralogy-petrology,the cosmic-ray exposure ages and gas retention ages of these two meteorites were determinated and calculated.Their cosmic-ray exposure ages are 33.3 Ma,51.7 Ma,and gas retention ages are 1936.8 Ma and 3720 Ma,respectively.The ureilite contains diamond,graphite and amorphous C,which are mainly carrier of noble gases indicating obviously shock metamorphism effects,which induced 40Ar partial loss.The H5 chondrite indicates thermal metamorphism of parent body,its gas retention age fall the range between 3220 Ma and 4510 Ma of the least shocked H5 chondrites