晋东北燕山期岩浆活动与金多金属成矿作用动力学

晋东北燕山期岩浆活动受区域性构造控制,具有北东成带,带内成区的分布规律,时间上可划分为150~160Ma、130~140Ma和85~127Ma三个高峰期。岩浆岩可划分为以花岗闪长岩—二长花岗岩—中细粒-粗粒斑状黑云母花岗岩等和以闪长岩—花岗闪长斑岩—花岗斑岩—石英斑岩等为主体的两大岩石组合,后者与金多金属矿床成矿关系密切。主要岩浆岩为过铝质碱性岩类,具有埃达克质岩石的亲和性;成因上属于I型,具同源演化关系。其形成可能与华北板块中生代岩石圈大规模减薄所引发的壳幔相互作用密切相关。与燕山期岩浆活动相对应,区域金多金属成矿也具有集中分布和多期成矿的特点。在类型上,主要包括斑岩型Mo-Au矿床、矽卡岩-热液脉型Au、Fe矿床和爆破角砾岩-热液石英脉型Au或Cu-Ag,Ag-Pb-Zn等矿床。有时在同一个成矿集中区内可见有多型一体的复杂组合,并在空间上具有明确的元素分带关系;在时间上,150~160Ma,主要与(二长)闪长岩或石英闪长岩、花岗闪长岩等有关,形成以钼-金为主的矿化;130~140Ma,主要与石英闪长岩、石英斑岩等有关,形成大规模金矿化;85~127Ma,主要与花岗斑岩、石英斑岩、隐爆角砾岩等相关,形成了强烈的银多金属矿化。不同类型矿床成矿热液主要源自相关的岩浆体系。华北板块中生代发生区域性构造体制转折,岩石圈大规模减薄及在此背景下发生的陆内造山作用是区域大规模岩浆活动和成矿作用的重要动力学机制。     

吉林小西南岔金-铜矿床辉钼矿Re-Os同位素定年研究及其地质意义

小西南岔金-铜矿床为一主体产于海西期花岗闪长岩-石英闪长岩体内的大型石英脉-蚀变岩型矿床,目前对其金、铜成矿时代认识主要有海西期、燕山期(148～123.35±0.8)Ma及108～98Ma等3种不同观点。本文利用矿区新发现的穿切金-铜矿体的辉钼矿-石英脉辉钼矿Re-Os同位素定年方法,对该矿床成矿时代进行了重新限定,确定了矿区金-铜成矿作用时代上限为109 Ma,提出了矿床形成时代介于(123.35±0.8)～109 Ma,金-铜矿化与燕山晚期细粒(花岗)闪长岩活动有关的认识。     

内蒙古牙克石岩山钼矿床矿石Re-Os和相关岩浆岩锆石U-Pb年龄测定

内蒙古牙克石地区近年来发现了岩山中型钼矿床。赋矿围岩以元古界兴华渡口群为主,其次为燕山期花岗斑岩隐伏岩体。该岩体自边部至中心,大致呈石英斑岩-花岗斑岩-花岗闪长岩相变的特点,U-Pb年龄分别为124±1 Ma、127±2 Ma、124±1 Ma。辉钼矿主要以石英(碳酸盐-萤石)辉钼矿脉、长石石英辉钼矿脉、碳酸盐(-萤石)辉钼矿脉的形式存在于围岩中,切穿岩体与地层的接触带。以兴华渡口群为围岩的辉钼矿Re-Os年龄为125.2±1.7 Ma,以花岗斑岩为围岩的辉钼矿Re-Os年龄为126.6±1.8 Ma,长石石英脉中辉钼矿Re-Os年龄为125.3±1.8 Ma。根据矿体与围岩的相互关系及年龄测定结果,无论从时间上和空间上成矿均与燕山期花岗斑岩的侵入密切相关,热液充填活动明显,属岩浆热液型矿床。     

赣东北东乡铜矿侵入岩与成矿年龄的确定及意义

对于赣东北地区东乡铜矿床的成因机制,一直存在着海西期海底喷流沉积成矿作用与燕山期岩浆热液成矿作用的成因争议,获得精确的成矿年龄是解决这一成因争议的关键.利用LA-ICP-MS技术对矿区中与矿体伴生的花岗闪长斑岩进行了锆石U-Pb同位素定年,两个花岗闪长斑岩样品的形成年龄分别为164±2 Ma、160±1 Ma.同时对东乡铜矿床块状硫化物矿石中的石英,开展了流体包裹体Rb-Sr同位素定年研究,获得一条等时线年龄为161.8±9.6 Ma（MSDW=1.3）.结合对流体包裹体以及区域成矿作用的研究,认为该年龄可以代表东乡铜矿的形成时代.这些定年结果表明,东乡铜矿的形成可能与该区燕山期花岗闪长斑岩侵入活动带来的岩浆流体成矿作用有关.      

北淮阳沙坪沟钼矿床成矿斑岩体特征与成因

沙坪沟钼矿床位于大别山北麓的北淮阳构造带,是近年来新发现的特大型斑岩钼矿床。区内燕山期岩浆岩广布,岩性有二长花岗岩、花岗闪长岩、闪长岩、石英正长岩、花岗斑岩、正长花岗岩、隐爆角砾岩等,钼矿床与最晚期的石英正长岩-花岗斑岩成因有关。对最晚期的花岗斑岩体系进行了LA-ICPMS锆石U-Pb定年,结合前人已发表的年代学数据,将区内岩浆岩划分为3个阶段:第一阶段141~133 Ma,主要发育二长花岗岩,具有高Sr、低Y的地球化学特征,形成于加厚下地壳的部分熔融;第二阶段132~125 Ma,包括中基性的含斜长石辉石岩、斜长角闪石岩、闪长岩和酸性的花岗岩、花岗闪长岩等,中基性岩的出现表明地幔物质参与了该阶段岩浆岩的形成,可能与加厚地壳拆沉、软流圈物质上涌有关;第三阶段120~110 Ma,主要发育石英正长(斑)岩和花岗斑岩,为壳源成因。第一阶段岩浆岩的ε_(Hf)(t)介于-28.3~-22.5,与大别造山带大范围分布的中生代岩浆岩一致,结合前人研究分析表明,沙坪沟第一阶段岩浆岩为类似南秦岭陡岭群片麻岩源区构成的加厚下地壳部分熔融的产物。相比第一阶段岩浆岩,第三阶段石英正长岩、正长花岗岩脉、隐爆角砾岩和花岗斑岩的ε_(Hf)(t)非常一致,介于-18.4~-13.3之间,与北淮阳千鹅冲钼矿成矿花岗斑岩及汤家坪钼矿成矿花岗斑岩一致,其ε_(Hf)(t)明显偏高,应为较浅岩浆源区熔融的结果。华南板块广泛分布的古生代富Mo黑色页岩具有和北淮阳成钼矿岩浆岩具有一致的模式年龄,是形成北淮阳钼矿岩浆岩的理想层位。     

安徽金寨县沙坪沟钼铅锌矿田两期成岩成矿作用

安徽金寨县沙坪沟钼矿床是近年来秦岭-大别成矿带发现的超大型斑岩钼矿床,已探明钼资源储量234×104t。在沙坪沟钼矿床外围发育多处铅锌矿床(点)。本文通过对外围3个铅锌矿床闪锌矿Rb-Sr同位素定年,获得120±2Ma的成矿年龄,而钼矿床成矿年龄则在115~111Ma,显示出矿田内铅锌矿床的成矿时代早于钼矿床。结合区域构造背景、控矿构造、赋矿围岩及围岩蚀变等地质特征分析,认为斑岩钼矿床和铅锌矿床为两个独立的成矿系统,热液型铅锌矿成矿系统形成早于斑岩型钼矿成矿系统。据地质勘查和同位素年代学资料,矿田岩浆岩分为两期,第一期为早白垩世早期花岗闪长岩、二长花岗岩,是热液型铅锌矿成矿系统主要赋矿围岩,第二期为早白垩世晚期石英正长岩和花岗斑岩,是斑岩型钼矿成矿系统的主要赋矿围岩。矿床C、H、O、S等稳定同位素相关研究表明热液型铅锌矿成矿系统和斑岩型钼矿成矿系统均是两期岩浆热液演化的结果。因此矿田存在两期成岩成矿作用。两个成矿系统矿石铅同位素组成不同,斑岩型钼矿成矿系统矿石铅同位素比值相对较高,变化范围大。铅锌矿床为早于斑岩钼矿床的独立成矿系统的认识合理解释了沙坪沟钼矿床为单一钼矿体,不含铅锌铜等不同于东秦岭斑岩钼矿床地质现象。区内两期成岩成矿作用均发生于晚侏罗─早白垩世构造体制转换阶段及以后伸展期。     

广西佛子冲铅锌矿田火成岩的时空序列及其对成矿时限的约束

广西佛子冲铅锌矿田火成岩的主要岩石类型有花岗岩、花岗斑岩、花岗闪长岩（石英闪长岩）、花岗闪长斑岩、少斑花岗斑岩、英安斑岩和凝灰岩等。本文共进行了14件火成岩样品的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年,其中大冲石英闪长岩侵位于海西期二叠纪（（256.8±2.0）Ma）,糯垌岩体（（152.6±1.2）Ma）和广平岩体（（152.9±2.9）Ma）形成于燕山早期晚侏罗世,花岗斑岩、少斑花岗斑岩、花岗闪长斑岩、英安斑岩和火山角砾凝灰岩形成于燕山晚期早白垩世（约100 Ma）。结合前人的研究成果及14件火成岩样品的测年结果,构建该区火成岩的年代学序列,确定其侵位时代主要集中在志留纪（约440 Ma）、二叠纪末期（约256 Ma）、晚侏罗世（约152 Ma）、早白垩世晚期（约100 Ma）。根据佛子冲铅锌矿的空间展布、矿体特征以及与火成岩的关系,确定花岗斑岩为成矿地质体,进而限定其成矿时代为早白垩世晚期（约100 Ma）。     

新疆西准噶尔罕哲尕能Cu-Au矿床的锆石U-Pb年代学和岩石地球化学特征:对源区和成矿构造背景的指示

位于准噶尔西北缘萨吾尔地区的罕哲尕能Cu-Au矿床是新近发现的斑岩型矿床,具有很好的找矿前景。矿区岩浆活动早期以闪长岩为主,晚期以花岗闪长岩和二长花岗斑岩为主。钻孔中所见似斑状石英二长岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为343.6±5.7Ma~345.3±8.3Ma;二长花岗斑岩锆石U-Pb年龄为334.9±7.3Ma~336.4±7.5Ma,表明西准萨吾尔地区早石炭世存在一期重要的岩浆-热液Cu-Au成矿事件。花岗闪长岩、石英二长岩、闪长玢岩、闪长岩和二长花岗斑岩的主量元素具有一致的演化趋势,表明它们可能是同一岩浆演化的产物。富集大离子亲石元素(LILE:如Rb、Ba、K、Sr)和活泼的不相容元素(如:U、Th),相对亏损高场强元素(HFSE:如Nb、Ta、Ti),显示具有岛弧岩浆的地球化学特征。87Sr/86Sri比值在0.7033~0.7037之间,143Nd/144Nd比值在0.512538~0.512579之间,εNd(t)在+6.7~+7.5之间,显示源区具有类似亏损地幔的特征;而且具有年轻的Nd两阶段模式年龄为488~553Ma,这些特征表明罕哲尕能矿区岩石的岩浆源区可能来源于亏损地幔分异的新生玄武质下地壳。罕哲尕能Cu-Au矿床的形成时代明显早于该区域A型花岗岩的形成时代(290~300Ma左右),结合岩石微量元素特征反映其形成于岛弧构造背景,萨吾尔山具有寻找斑岩Cu-Au矿的成矿条件。     

辽宁五龙地区中生代火成岩成因及其找矿意义

辽宁五龙金矿是辽东地区大型岩浆热液型矿床之一,成矿作用主要与中生代火成岩有关,为了进一步理清五龙地区中生代火成岩成因,本文对五龙金矿区大量花岗斑岩脉、闪长岩脉、三股流岩体和其中的各类脉岩进行了单颗粒锆石LA-ICPMS U-Pb测年和岩石主、微量元素地球化学研究。结果表明,五龙地区岩浆岩形成时代主要有晚侏罗世和早白垩世,矿区内近南北向展布的花岗斑岩脉形成于晚侏罗世（154.3±0.9~155.6±1.1 Ma）,指示矿区在晚侏罗世受到区域最大主应力方向为近南北向;三股流岩体成岩最新年龄（116.8±0.8~117.3±0.7 Ma）基本位于前人报道的年龄范围（111~129 Ma）;地球化学数据表明各类岩浆岩属于高钾钙碱性—钾玄岩系列,具有相同源区特征,形成于活动大陆边缘俯冲伸展环境下的弧岩浆,并且具有壳幔混合及进一步演化特征;结合不同深度标高成矿元素丰度特征,指示闪长岩与成矿作用密切相关,并且越往深部成矿潜力越大,对该地区找矿预测具有重要指导意义。     

南岭科学钻中与两种岩浆岩有关的矿床成矿系列——年代学、地球化学、Hf同位素证据

南岭科学钻(SP-NLSD-1)位于南岭成矿带与武夷山成矿带的交汇部位——赣南银坑矿田。该钻孔总进尺2967.83 m,钻遇了流纹岩、花岗斑岩、花岗闪长斑岩、辉长闪长玢岩等四种岩浆岩。流纹岩为银坑矿田新揭露的岩石类型,LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年表明其形成于(381.0±3.1)Ma,补充完善了本区海西期岩浆活动的记录;花岗斑岩、花岗闪长斑岩、辉长闪长玢岩的成岩时代为101.3~161.0 Ma,为燕山期岩浆活动的产物。流纹岩与花岗斑岩具有相似的地球化学特征,球粒陨石标准化稀土元素配分曲线为两翼近平坦的海鸥型,有明显的Eu负异常,显著富集大离子亲石元素,轻微富集高场强元素,锆石εHf(t)值分别为–10.8~–7.1、–23.4~–8.7;花岗闪长斑岩与辉长闪长玢岩的地球化学特征相似,球粒陨石标准化稀土元素配分曲线为右倾型,Eu负异常不明显,显著富集大离子亲石元素,轻微富集高场强元素,花岗闪长斑岩的锆石εHf(t)值为–17.9~–1.9。岩相学、年代学和地球化学研究结果表明,流纹岩、花岗斑岩、花岗闪长斑岩、辉长闪长玢岩应该均为古元古代地壳物质重熔形成的壳源岩浆岩,花岗闪长斑岩和辉长闪长玢岩在形成过程中可能继承了幔源物质。流纹岩与银坑矿田内已知的成矿作用无直接关系,花岗斑岩与钨铋铀矿化有关,花岗闪长斑岩与铜铅锌金银矿化有关。银坑矿田处于特殊的构造部位,即南岭成矿带与武夷山成矿带交汇部位,深达地幔的线型断裂和切入地壳的网格状断裂同时在此处发育,不同的构造环境导致在燕山期形成花岗闪长斑岩和花岗斑岩,分别对应铜铅锌金银矿化和钨多金属矿化,形成两个相对独立的成矿系列。     

岩溶地区现代土壤与洞穴石笋中单甲基支链烷烃与烷基环己烷对比研究

利用GC-MS（气相色谱—质谱仪）,对采自湖北清江流域和尚洞洞顶的土壤样品与洞内石笋样品进行分析,发现土壤中存在的七个系列单甲基支链烷烃在所有的石笋样品中均可以找到,呈现相似的分布模式,石笋中七个系列支链烷烃有可能来自洞穴滴水携带的土壤中的支链烷烃,但是也不能排除石笋原地生长的微生物的贡献。烷基环己烷的分布在土壤与石笋中呈现了相似的分布模式,但是主峰碳数有所变化,高碳数部分与低碳数部分的相对含量也发生了变化。主要原因可能是微生物选择性降解的结果,也有可能是土壤与石笋中微生物种类分布差异所造成的。本次研究初步显示了相对封闭稳定的洞穴沉积物与上覆土壤层中生物标志化合物的异同。      

Hydrogen and carbon in solid solution in oxides and silicates

The dissolution of H₂O and CO₂ in structurally dense, nominally anhydrous and non-carbonate oxide matrices such as MgO and CaO is reviewed. H₂O and CO₂ are treated as gaseous oxide components which enter into solid solution with the refractory oxide hosts. They form anion complexes associated with cation vacancy sites. Evidence is presented that OH^? pairs which derive from the dissolution of H₂O are subject to a charge transfer (CT) conversion into peroxy moieties and molecular hydrogen, O ₂ ^2? ... H₂. Because the O ₂ ^2? moiety is small (O^?-O^? distance ≈ 1.5 Å) high pressure probably favors the CT conversion. Mass spectroscopic studies show that molecular H₂ may be lost from the solid which retains excess oxygen in the form of O ₂ ^2? , leading to the release of atomic O. The dissociation of O ₂ ^2? moieties into a vacancy-bound O^? state and an unbound O^? state can be followed by measuring the internal redox reactions involving transition metal impurities, the transient paramagnetism of the O^? and their effect on the d.c. conductivity. Evidence is presented that CO₂ molecules dissolve dissociatively in the structurally dense oxide matrix, as if they were first to dissociate into CO+O and then to form separate solute moieties CO ₂ ^2? and O ₂ ^2? , both associated with cation vacancy sites. In the CO ₂ ^2? moiety (C-O^? distance 1.2–1.3 Å, OCO angle ≈ 130°) the C atom probably sits off center. The transition of the C atom into interstitial sites is accompanied by dissociation of the CO ₂ ^2? moiety into CO^? and O^?. This transition can be followed by infrared spectroscopy, using OH^? as local probes. Further support derives from magnetic susceptibility, thermal expansion, low frequency dielectric loss and low temperature deformation measurements. The recently observed emission of O and Mg atoms besides a variety of molecules such as CO, CO₂, CH₄, HCN and other hydrocarbons during impact fracture of MgO single crystals is presented and discussed in the light of the other experimental data.     

Geogenic and anthropogenic zinc in epiphytic and terricolous lichens in Finland

At 31 sites in Finland the Zn content was determined of the epiphytic lichen Hypogymnia physodes (L.) Nyl. growing on pine and birch, the terricolous lichen Cladina spp. in pine bark, and the inner part of birch bark. The anomalous contents of Zn in H. physodes on pine and Cladina spp. in soil appeared to be strongly related to sulphide ore deposits. Anthropogenic Zn correlated closely with S and Fe in H. physodes on pine and with Fe in Cladina spp. The binding of geogenic Zn was related to iron hydroxides, and was attributed to the different uptake mechanism of S in these lichens. Elevated values of Zn in H. physodes on birch were due to both geogenic and anthropogenic sources. Zinc in pine bark increased with the Zn content in H. physodes and reached a limiting value.     

Comparative urbanization in Ghana and Kenya in time and space

There are few inter-African country urban analyses because of the continent’s enormous size and socioeconomic diversity, language barriers, and wide variations in national and regional urban research capacity. Nevertheless, comparative urban studies are critical in understanding contemporary African urbanization. In this comparative spatial and temporal analysis of Ghana and Kenya’s urbanization, we find that both countries are urbanizing rapidly and are faced with many common urban problems. Moreover, Ghana is more urbanized than Kenya and has a larger indigenous urban imprint and a more widely dispersed urban pattern. Besides their physiographic and population conditions, we trace these countries’ convergent and divergent urban trends to their shared but unique experiences of colonialism, nationalism and globalization.     

Temporal and spatial variations in water discharge and sediment load in the Alaknanda and Bhagirathi Rivers in Himalaya, India

The Alaknanda and Bhagirathi Rivers originate in the mountainous regions of the Himalayas (Garhwal) and result in high sediment yields causing flood hazards downstream of the Ganga River and high sediment flux to the Bay of Bengal. The rivers are perennial, since runoff in these rivers is controlled by both precipitation and glacial melt. In the present study, three locations in the upper reaches of the Ganga River were monitored for 1 yr (daily observations of, more than >1000 samples) for suspended sediment concentrations. In addition, more than one hundred samples were collected from various locations of the Alaknanda and Bhagirathi Rivers at different periods to observe spatial and temporal variations in river suspensions. Further, multi-annual data (up to 40 yrs) of water flow and sediment concentrations were used for inferring the variations in water flow and sediment loads on longer time scales. In most previous studies of Himalayan Rivers, there has been a general lack of long term water flow and sediment load data. In the present study, we carried out high frequency sampling, considered long term discharge data and based on these information, discussed the temporal and spatial variations in water discharge and sediment loads in the rivers in the Himalayan region. The results show that, >75% of annual sediment loads are transported during the monsoon season (June through September). The annual physical weathering rates in the Alaknanda and Bhagirathi River basins at Devprayag are estimated to be 863 tons km⁻² yr⁻¹ (3.25 mm yr⁻¹) and 907 tons km⁻² yr⁻¹ (3.42 mm yr⁻¹) respectively, which are far in excess of the global average of 156 tons km⁻² yr⁻¹ (0.58 mm yr⁻¹).     

Discovery of Cinnabar in Soils in Hg Anomalous Zones in City and Town Areas and Their Surroundings and Its Significance

As a result of systematic study on heavy minerals in soils at city and town areas and their surroundings,cinnabar was discovered for the first time in areas of Hg anomalies in China, and it was found that the distribution of cinnabar was basically coincident in scope with that of Hg anomalies, showing that Hg anomalies were‘closely related to cinnabar. This finding provides a theoretical basis for a verification of Hg anomalies in soils in city and town areas and their surroundings, as well as evaluation of its ecological effects, and is significant to revealing the occurrence modes and origin of Hg in soils.     

煤中气孔和镶嵌结构及其在煤变质研究中的意义

河南省禹县、新密和荥巩煤田山西组Ⅱ₁煤的贫煤和无烟煤中,气孔发育。气孔形态有椭圆状（图版1）、圆状及不规则状（图版2）,有的几个气孔连在一起呈大的朵状气孔(图版3)。此外,在荥巩煤田西部无烟煤中还发育有镀嵌结构(图版4)。      

Trends in Analytical Developments and Earth Science Applications in LA-ICP-MS and LA-MC-ICP-MS for 2004 and 2005

This review of laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry includes research that employed quadrupole instruments, and single-collector and multicollector magnetic sector field instruments. The most important trend in 2004–2005 was the growing appreciation that small matrix effects in LA-(MC)-ICP-MS need to be addressed in order to produce highly precise and accurate data by the method. The issue is most acute for isotope ratio measurements that require standard-sample-standard bracketing but can also be important for certain elemental analysis. Matrix-dependent elemental and isotopic fractionations were studied from the standpoint of laser-sample interactions and the behaviour of laser-generated particles in the ablation cell, transfer tubing and ICP torch. Innovations in LA-(MC)-ICP-MS involved signal smoothing, in torch laser ablation, on-line isotope dilution and molecular oxide monitoring. Other important research was carried out on the calibration and homogeneity of various reference materials; and the exploration of mature ( in situ U-Pb geochronology) and emerging (apatite fission-track chronometry, U-Th/He thermochronology, boron/strontium/uranium-series isotopic microanalysis) applications in the Earth sciences.     

Regional gravity survey and application in oil and gas exploration in China

Ground gravity survey for regional structure unit delineation and oil and gas exploration in China is addressed in this paper with examples. Gravity survey scales, coverage, technical regulations and achievements at the national level are introduced, including data processing and anomaly interpretation techniques. Bouguer anomalies of terrestrial territories of China and classification of anomalous feature zones are also described; they are well correlated with lithotectonical boundaries, fault zones, and unexposed igneous plutons. Recent study results of petroliferous sedimentary basins are presented as well, including concealed boundaries and major structures of large basins. It is concluded that gravity survey is the most effective and economic method in unveiling unexposed and deep-seated structures, targeting and delineating oil and gas-bearing sedimentary basins, and locating main trap structures within prolific basins in early stage of exploration in China. Suggestions for improving exploration of both conventional and unconventional oil and gas reservoirs in China are also given in the paper.     

Re-Os and Pd-Ag systematics in Group IIIAB irons and in pallasites

Using improved analytical techniques, which reduce the Re blanks by factors of 8 to 10, we report new Re-Os data on low Re and low PGE pallasites (PAL-anom) and IIIAB irons. The new pallasite samples nearly double the observed range in Re/Os for pallasites and allow the determination of an isochron of slope 0.0775 ± 0.0008 (T = 4.50 ± 0.04 Ga, using the adjusted λ¹⁸⁷Re = 1.66 × 10⁻¹¹ a⁻¹) and initial (¹⁸⁷Os/¹⁸⁸Os)₀ = 0.09599 ± 0.00046. If the data on different groups of pallasites (including the “anomalous” pallasites) are considered to define a whole-rock isochron, their formation would appear to be distinctly younger than for the iron meteorites by ∼60 Ma. Five IIIAB irons (Acuna, Bella Roca, Chupaderos, Grant, and Bear Creek), with Re contents ranging from 0.9 to 2.8 ppb, show limited Re/Os fractionation and plot within errors on the IIAB iron meteorite isochron of slope 0.07848 ± 0.00018 (T = 4.56 ± 0.01 Ga) and initial (¹⁸⁷Os/¹⁸⁸Os)₀ = 0.09563 ± 0.00011. Many of the meteorites were analyzed also for Pd-Ag and show ¹⁰⁷Ag enrichments correlated with Pd/Ag, requiring early formation and fractionation of the FeNi metal, in a narrow time interval, after injection of live ¹⁰⁷Pd (t_1/2 = 6.5 Ma) into the solar nebula. Based on Pd-Ag, the typical range in relative ages of these meteorites is ≤10 Ma. The Pd-Ag results suggest early formation and preservation of the ¹⁰⁷Pd-¹⁰⁷Ag systematics, both for IIIAB irons and for pallasites, while the younger Re-Os apparent age for pallasites suggests that the Re-Os system in pallasites was subject to re-equilibration. The low Re and low PGE pallasites show significant Re/Os fractionation (higher Re/Os) as the Re and PGE contents decrease. By contrast, the IIIAB irons show a restricted range in Re/Os, even for samples with extremely low Re and PGE contents. There is a good correlation of Re and Ir contents. The correlation of Re and Os contents for IIIAB irons shows a similar complex pattern as observed for IIAB irons (Morgan et al., 1995), and neither can be ascribed to a continuous fractional crystallization process with uniform solid-metal/liquid-metal distribution coefficients.