辽宁五龙地区中生代火成岩成因及其找矿意义

辽宁五龙金矿是辽东地区大型岩浆热液型矿床之一,成矿作用主要与中生代火成岩有关,为了进一步理清五龙地区中生代火成岩成因,本文对五龙金矿区大量花岗斑岩脉、闪长岩脉、三股流岩体和其中的各类脉岩进行了单颗粒锆石LA-ICPMS U-Pb测年和岩石主、微量元素地球化学研究。结果表明,五龙地区岩浆岩形成时代主要有晚侏罗世和早白垩世,矿区内近南北向展布的花岗斑岩脉形成于晚侏罗世（154.3±0.9~155.6±1.1 Ma）,指示矿区在晚侏罗世受到区域最大主应力方向为近南北向;三股流岩体成岩最新年龄（116.8±0.8~117.3±0.7 Ma）基本位于前人报道的年龄范围（111~129 Ma）;地球化学数据表明各类岩浆岩属于高钾钙碱性—钾玄岩系列,具有相同源区特征,形成于活动大陆边缘俯冲伸展环境下的弧岩浆,并且具有壳幔混合及进一步演化特征;结合不同深度标高成矿元素丰度特征,指示闪长岩与成矿作用密切相关,并且越往深部成矿潜力越大,对该地区找矿预测具有重要指导意义。     

辽东五龙金矿围岩片麻状花岗岩的侵位和变形时代:SHRIMP U-Pb年代学制约

为了确定五龙金矿围岩的侵位和变形时代,进一步探讨辽东地区晚中生代构造体制转折时限,采用岩相学观察和锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年技术,对辽东五龙大型金矿的围岩五龙岩体、侵入五龙岩体中的花岗斑岩脉和三股流岩体进行了研究。结果表明,五龙岩体具弱片麻状、片麻状构造,花岗斑岩脉也发生了变形作用,三股流岩体未发生变形作用。五龙岩体SHRIMP U-Pb年龄为（159.2±1.9） Ma和（160.0±1.4） Ma,花岗斑岩SHRIMP U-Pb年龄为（132.14±0.85） Ma,三股流岩体SHRIMP U-Pb年龄为122~124 Ma。辽东五龙岩体经历的推覆、挤压事件止于132~124 Ma。辽东地区晚侏罗世的推覆、挤压事件与古太平洋板块向欧亚大陆俯冲作用关系密切,五龙金矿的成矿大地构造背景亦与此次俯冲有关。     

广西佛子冲铅锌矿田火成岩的时空序列及其对成矿时限的约束

广西佛子冲铅锌矿田火成岩的主要岩石类型有花岗岩、花岗斑岩、花岗闪长岩（石英闪长岩）、花岗闪长斑岩、少斑花岗斑岩、英安斑岩和凝灰岩等。本文共进行了14件火成岩样品的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年,其中大冲石英闪长岩侵位于海西期二叠纪（（256.8±2.0）Ma）,糯垌岩体（（152.6±1.2）Ma）和广平岩体（（152.9±2.9）Ma）形成于燕山早期晚侏罗世,花岗斑岩、少斑花岗斑岩、花岗闪长斑岩、英安斑岩和火山角砾凝灰岩形成于燕山晚期早白垩世（约100 Ma）。结合前人的研究成果及14件火成岩样品的测年结果,构建该区火成岩的年代学序列,确定其侵位时代主要集中在志留纪（约440 Ma）、二叠纪末期（约256 Ma）、晚侏罗世（约152 Ma）、早白垩世晚期（约100 Ma）。根据佛子冲铅锌矿的空间展布、矿体特征以及与火成岩的关系,确定花岗斑岩为成矿地质体,进而限定其成矿时代为早白垩世晚期（约100 Ma）。     

黑龙江鹿鸣钼矿床地质特征及成矿年龄

黑龙江鹿鸣钼矿床位于小兴安岭-张广才岭多金属成矿带翠宏山-二股成矿亚带中南段。矿化发生在花岗岩体内,矿石为石英细脉浸染状的花岗斑岩、二长花岗岩,围岩蚀变具有岩浆热液蚀变的分带特征。成矿作用与花岗岩浆侵入活动密切相关,矿床成因类型为斑岩型。岩石地球化学研究表明,矿区花岗斑岩、二长花岗岩具有同一岩浆来源,属于"A"型花岗岩,是在伸展大地构造环境背景下岩浆侵入形成的岩体。通过锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄测定,获得二长花岗岩年龄为(201.1±3.90) Ma和(176.2±4.3) Ma,获得花岗斑岩年龄为(182.3±4.0) Ma,确定鹿鸣钼矿床的成矿年龄在182～176 Ma之间,成矿时代为燕山早期。     

南岭东段赣南地区天门山花岗岩体及花岗斑岩脉的SHRIMP定年及其意义

赣南地区岩浆岩分布广泛,其中燕山期岩浆活动最为强烈,与W、Sn、Nb、Ta成矿的关系尤为密切。选择天门山岩体及附近的花岗斑岩脉为研究对象,应用SHRIMP锆石微区U-Pb测年技术,对天门山岩体的主体、补体和花岗斑岩脉进行了精确测年:天门山岩体的主体——中细粒斑状黑云母花岗岩锆石的9个点SHRIMP谐和年龄为152±2Ma(MSWD=1.09);补体——细粒斑状黑云母花岗岩锆石的5个点SHRIMP谐和年龄为152±2.6Ma(MSWD=0.16);花岗斑岩(墙)脉锆石10个点的SHRIMP谐和年龄为150.8±1.8Ma(MSWD=1.6)。结合区域资料,研究表明:①天门山岩体的主体形成于中侏罗世,补体是主体进一步分异演化的产物;②在赣南西部的崇余犹矿集区内成岩与成矿的年龄基本上是协调一致的,成矿集中期为150~155Ma;③岩浆活动由中深成相花岗岩侵入体演化到浅成相花岗斑岩脉仅相差1~5Ma,表明存在成矿集中期。     

西藏甲玛超大型铜矿区斑岩脉成岩时代及其与成矿的关系

甲玛铜多金属矿是冈底斯成矿带上资源储量达到超大型规模的又一个重要矿床,2010年7月已正式投产。产于矽卡岩、斑岩和角岩中的辉钼矿Re-Os定年已表明甲玛矿床的铜钼成矿时代集中于17~14Ma,而成岩时代的研究相对较少,尤其是矿区及外围大量出露的近南北向展布的斑岩脉。本文选取矿区铅山上52号平硐内的2件弱矿化斑岩脉样品,花岗斑岩(JM52-0)和花岗闪长斑岩(JM52-46.7),首次开展斑岩脉的锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年,获得的²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U-²⁰⁷Pb/²³⁵U协和年龄分别为14.2±0.2Ma和14.1±0.3Ma,代表了甲玛矿区地表出露的近南北向展布的斑岩脉侵位时岩浆锆石的结晶年龄。斑岩脉的成岩时代与区域上与近南北向正断层系统及裂谷裂陷带有关的冈底斯含矿斑岩侵位时代(18~12Ma)一致。甲玛的成岩成矿时代显示了成岩作用与成矿作用基本同期,且与冈底斯成矿带东段主要斑岩型-矽卡岩型铜多金属矿床的成岩成矿时代基本一致,成矿高峰集中在17~14Ma之间,指示了冈底斯在中新世的岩浆构造活动事件,而且表明了甲玛铜钼矿化与岩浆热液的成因联系。     

晋东北燕山期岩浆活动与金多金属成矿作用动力学

晋东北燕山期岩浆活动受区域性构造控制,具有北东成带,带内成区的分布规律,时间上可划分为150~160Ma、130~140Ma和85~127Ma三个高峰期。岩浆岩可划分为以花岗闪长岩—二长花岗岩—中细粒-粗粒斑状黑云母花岗岩等和以闪长岩—花岗闪长斑岩—花岗斑岩—石英斑岩等为主体的两大岩石组合,后者与金多金属矿床成矿关系密切。主要岩浆岩为过铝质碱性岩类,具有埃达克质岩石的亲和性;成因上属于I型,具同源演化关系。其形成可能与华北板块中生代岩石圈大规模减薄所引发的壳幔相互作用密切相关。与燕山期岩浆活动相对应,区域金多金属成矿也具有集中分布和多期成矿的特点。在类型上,主要包括斑岩型Mo-Au矿床、矽卡岩-热液脉型Au、Fe矿床和爆破角砾岩-热液石英脉型Au或Cu-Ag,Ag-Pb-Zn等矿床。有时在同一个成矿集中区内可见有多型一体的复杂组合,并在空间上具有明确的元素分带关系;在时间上,150~160Ma,主要与(二长)闪长岩或石英闪长岩、花岗闪长岩等有关,形成以钼-金为主的矿化;130~140Ma,主要与石英闪长岩、石英斑岩等有关,形成大规模金矿化;85~127Ma,主要与花岗斑岩、石英斑岩、隐爆角砾岩等相关,形成了强烈的银多金属矿化。不同类型矿床成矿热液主要源自相关的岩浆体系。华北板块中生代发生区域性构造体制转折,岩石圈大规模减薄及在此背景下发生的陆内造山作用是区域大规模岩浆活动和成矿作用的重要动力学机制。     

滇西北格咱火山-岩浆弧斑岩成矿作用

处于义敦岛弧南端的格咱火山-岩浆弧,印支期以大规模中酸性火山-岩浆岩呈北西向带状展布为特征,本文根据火山-岩浆岩的分布、类型、时代与构造环境、成矿作用等,将该岩浆岩带细分为西部烂泥塘-春都斑岩成矿带和东部亚杂-普朗斑岩成矿带,并阐述了西斑岩带岩浆侵位时间较东斑岩带早15~25Myr以及2个成矿带不同的成矿特征,提出该区燕山晚期叠加了1期广泛的钼(钨、铜)成矿作用,以S型花岗岩侵位,南北向叠加于印支期岛弧岩浆岩带上,由北而南从出露至半隐伏、隐伏状,在云南境内圈出休瓦促、热林、红山、铜厂沟等多个花岗(斑)岩体,蚀变花岗(斑)岩内发育石英脉型和蚀变岩型钼矿化,围岩中以热液脉型沿断裂带、不同岩性界面等成矿。以往研究,休瓦促、热林成岩年龄分别为84.4±1.1Ma和81.7±1.1Ma,成矿年龄分别为83±1Ma和81.2±2.3Ma.(李建康等,2007;尹光侯等,2009);本次在红山铜矿深部隐伏岩体中获辉钼矿Re-Os等时线年龄80.2Ma。研究认为,燕山期岩体成矿,仍然表现出岩体由内向外(由深到浅)形成斑岩型钼(铜)矿→接触带夕卡岩型钼(铜)矿→外围角岩钼(铜)矿、热液脉状铜铅锌矿等成矿系列,据此进行缺位预测,为下步找矿指出了方向。     

云南大坪金矿新元古代成矿事件——来自热液锆石和闪长岩U-Pb年代学及Hf同位素的约束

大坪金矿是哀牢山-红河韧性剪切带南段最重要的大型金矿床之一,由于其成矿时代和构造背景一直存在争议,不利于带内金矿床成矿模型的建立和进一步找矿勘探。本文利用LA-ICP-MS对矿区内含金石英脉中热液锆石、闪长岩和花岗闪长岩脉中岩浆锆石开展了U-Pb年代学研究,获得热液锆石U-Pb年龄为760±10 Ma,表明大坪金矿区可能存在新元古代金矿化事件;获得闪长岩和花岗闪长岩脉的锆石U-Pb年龄分别为773±9 Ma和766±9 Ma,与区域上Rodinia超大陆裂解和哀牢山地区的晋宁-澄江期大规模火山-岩浆活动事件时代一致。热液锆石与闪长岩、花岗闪长岩脉具有相似的Hf同位素组成特征和在误差范围内一致的年龄,表明新元古代金矿化事件可能与闪长岩和花岗闪长岩脉的侵入有密切的成因联系。本文新元古代成矿事件的厘定,结合前人的新生代始新世—渐新世为大坪金矿主要成矿时期的研究结果,表明大坪金矿可能是新元古代和新生代不同岩浆-构造-热液事件叠加成矿作用的产物。     

西秦岭地区脉岩成因与金成矿关系——来自李坝金矿年代学、地球化学及Nd-Hf-S同位素的约束

甘肃李坝金矿位于西秦岭北成矿亚带礼岷金矿带东部,矿区内脉岩主要包括斜闪煌斑岩、云斜煌斑岩、闪长(玢)岩、细晶闪长岩、石英闪长岩、花岗(斑)岩、花岗细晶岩等。根据各脉岩与金矿的产出关系可划分为成矿前脉岩、成矿期脉岩和成矿后脉岩3类。不同种类、不同期次脉岩的成因及其对金成矿作用的制约存在不同认识。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果显示,李坝金矿区花岗斑岩脉的年龄为(210±1)Ma(MSWD=0.15),与中川岩体同属晚三叠世构造岩浆活动的产物。成矿期花岗(斑)岩脉富碱、高钾,属于过铝质、高钾钙碱性系列,与成矿密切相关的煌斑岩脉同属高钾钙碱性系列。Nd-Hf同位素结果显示,李坝金矿区花岗斑岩脉的~(143)Nd/~(144)Nd比值为0.512 084±0.000 007,~(147)Sm/~(143)Nd比值为0.0903,ε_(Nd)(t)为-7.98,Nd同位素亏损地幔模式年龄T_(DM2)为1.64 Ga;锆石ε_(Hf)(t)=-6.30～+1.47,T_(DMC)为1.65～1.15 Ga,显示花岗斑岩脉的源区以古老的壳源物质为主,并有年轻物质的加入。硫同位素和矿床地球化学结果显示,黄铁矿的δ~(34)S值变化于4.3‰～11.6‰,平均值为8.45‰,表明其成矿硫源具有深源特点,金矿成矿物质来源于与脉岩有关的深部岩浆。综上,笔者认为矿区内脉岩与金矿化具有深部同源性,成矿同期的煌斑岩可能为金矿化提供部分成矿物质或成矿流体。     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

Inter-regional correlation of transgressions and regressions in the Cretaceous period

Well investigated platforms have been selected in each continent, and the history of Cretaceous transgressions and regressions there is concisely reviewed from the available evidence. The factual records have been summarized into a diagram and the timing of the events correlated between distant as well as adjoining areas.On a global scale, major transgressions were stepwise enlarged in space and time from the Neocomian, via Aptian-Albian, to the Late Cretaceous, and the post-Cretaceous regression was very remarkable. Minor cycles of transgression-regression were not always synchronous between different areas. Some of them were, however, nearly synchronous between the areas facing the same ocean.Tectono-eustasy may have been the main cause of the phenomena of transgression-regression, but certain kinds of other tectonic movements which affected even the so-called stable platforms were also responsible for the phenomena. The combined effects of various causes may have been unusual in the Cretaceous, since it was a period of global tectonic activity. The slowing down of this activity followed by readjustments may have been the cause of the global regression at the end of the Cretaceous.     

The lamprophyres of Afyon stratovolcano,western Anatolia,Turkey: description and genesis

The Afyon stratovolcano exhibits lamprophyric rocks, emplaced as hydrovolcanic products, aphanitic lava flows and dyke intrusions, during the final stages of volcanic activity. Most of the Afyon volcanics belong to the silica-saturated alkaline suite, as potassic trachyandesites and trachytes, while the products of the latest activity are lamproitic lamprophyres (jumillite, orendite, verite, fitztroyite) and alkaline lamprophyres (campto-sannaite, sannaite, hyalo-monchiquite, analcime–monchiquite). Afyon lamprophyres exhibit LILE and Zr enrichments, related to mantle metasomatism.     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20140751 Guo Xincheng(Geological Party,BGMRED of Xinjiang,Changji 831100,China);Zheng Yuzhuang Determination and Geological Significance of the Mesoarchean Craton in Western Kunlun Mountains,Xinjiang,China(Geological Review,ISSN0371-5736,CN11-1952/P,59(3),2013,p.401-412,8     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141058 Chen Ling(Key Laboratory of Mathematical Geology of Sichuan Province,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu610059,China);Guo Ke Study of Geochemical Ore-Forming Anomaly Identification Based on the Theory of Blind Source Separation(Geosci-     

SEISMIC GEOLOGY

正20141334 Chen Kun(Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing100081,China);Yu Yanxiang Shakemap of Peak Ground Acceleration with Bias Correction for the Lushan,Sichuan Earthquake on April20,2013(Seismology and Geology,ISSN0253-4967,CN11-2192/P,35(3),2013,p.627-633,2 illus.,1 table,9 refs.)Key words:great earthquakes,Sichuan Province     

HISTORICAL GEOLOGY & STRATIGRAPHY

正20141624 Cai Xiongfei(Key Laboratory of Geobiology and Environmental Geology,Ministry of Education,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Yang Jie A Restudy of the Upper Sinian Zhengmuguan and Tuerkeng Formations in the Helan Mountains(Journal of Stratigraphy,ISSN0253-4959CN32-1187/P,37(3),2013,p.377-386,5 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20142263Lü Shaojun(Geological Survey of Jiangxi Province,Nanchang 330030,China)Early-Middle Permian Biostratigraphical Characteristics in Qiangduo Area,Tibet(Resources SurveyEnvironment,ISSN1671-4814,CN32-1640/N,34(4),2013,p.221-227,2illus.,2tables,22refs.)Key words:biostratigraphy,Lower Permian,Middle Permian,Tibet     

MATHEMATICAL GEOLOGY

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