矾山磷铁矿床矿石类型特征及磷铁元素相关性分析

矾山磷铁矿床属磁铁磷灰石型岩浆晚期堆积矿床。可分为四种主要矿石类型，即磁铁磷灰石岩型、磷灰石岩型、磷灰石黑云母辉石岩型和正长黑云母辉石岩型。它们不但在矿石结构、构造、矿石化学成分和Ｐ２Ｏ５品位等方面各有其特征，而且Ｐ２Ｏ５和ＴＦｅ含量的相关性也不同．其中在磁铁磷灰石岩型矿石和正长黑云辉石岩型矿石中二者呈显著正相关关系，而在其余两类矿石中则呈负相关关系。     

试论河北矾山铁磷矿床含矿岩体多旋回岩盆构造类型的成因

河北矾山铁磷矿床的薄层多旋回岩盆岩体由四个以上的旋回组成。较完整的旋回自下而上为:辉石岩→黑云母辉石岩→磷灰石岩→磁铁磷灰石岩→云朵状含辉石正长岩。根据岩石的结构构造和化学成分,岩浆粘度变化及矿物标型特征等分析,这种构造类型的形成是岩浆一次呈层状侵入,在岩浆冷却过程中,扩散热与矿物生成热达到平衡形成岩浆结晶区,这种岩浆结晶区按罗森布什规律与鲍恩反应序列晶出成上述旋回。薄层状多旋回构造形成后,由于岩浆管道中岩浆冷却收缩下降,导致旋回构造相应下沉而形成岩盆。     

矾山磷铁矿床稀土元素地球化学特征

矾山磷铁矿床赋存于矾山杂岩体内 ,呈层状产出 ,是由深源富钾铁镁质岩浆演化而形成的晚期矿床。矾山杂岩体由三期侵入岩和脉岩组成 ,矿床产于第一期侵入岩中。第一期侵入岩较其它期次侵入岩REE含量高 ,按辉石岩—黑云母辉石岩—磷灰石岩的顺序增加。矿床稀土元素地球化学特征及主要元素含量表明 :在岩桨演化晚期 ,在贫硅和缺少足够“Ca2 +”的条件下 ,稀土元素极易代替“Ca2 +”而进入磷灰石晶格形成补尝类质同象。这对于研究矿床形成的物理化学环境和岩桨的演化具有重要意义。     

河北矾山铁磷矿床含矿岩体韵律层结构的成因

呈岩盆状产出的矾山铁磷矿床含矿岩体,属层状超镁铁岩系列,其中各岩相带均为层状结构,而且辉石岩带和黑云辉石岩带又大致以剖面中心的伟晶正长黑云辉石岩为对称构成有规律的韵律层。本文讨论了韵律层结构的成因,认为韵律层实际上是按一定间隔形成黑云辉石岩造成的。黑云辉石岩是在岩浆结晶过程中的残余流体交代先成辉石岩的产物。文中按黑云母内的铁镁比值计算了此交代反应的计量系数,由实测地质数据按质量守恒方程得到了在各岩相带两相邻界面上的交代流体中SiO_2和CaO的含量差。由于此含量差的有规律变化,使交代作用间歇进行,因而有规律地出现黑云辉石岩,于是造成韵律层结构。     

邯邢地区燕山期侵入岩系的稀土元素特征

邯邢地区燕山期侵入岩系的侵入活动发生在109～171Ma之间。它们可以划分成角闪橄辉岩系,角闪闪长岩系,二长岩系和正长岩系四个岩石系列。不同岩系的稀土元素特征表明,它们并不是由同源岩浆演化所成,每个岩系内部稀土元素丰度的变化受岩浆演化过程中分离结晶的矿物种类和数量所制约。角闪闪长岩中的稀土元素主要分配到角闪石中,而角闪二长岩和黑云辉石正长岩中的稀土元素,主要分配到其中的副矿物中。     

斑杂状含磷灰石混染岩岩石学特征及其找矿意义

<正> 笔者在研究山东某地偏碱性杂岩体时①,发现一种含磷灰石较高的斑杂状正长黑云辉石岩,进一步研究证实此类岩石是由混染作用形成的磷矿化新类型。偏碱性杂岩体可分三期,第一期主要为黑云母辉石岩、辉石岩,分布于岩体中部;第二期为正长辉长岩和正长辉石岩,分布在岩体外环,二者分布无明显规律,正长辉石岩内无斜长石出现,主要由正长石和透辉石组成,而正长辉长岩有明显交代作用的特点;第三期主     

华南绍兴-恩平富碱侵入岩带的厘定及其动力学意义初探

根据野外地质及室内岩相学、矿物成分和岩石化学的研究，从华南腹地厘定了一条重要的中生代NE向富碱侵入岩带－绍兴－恩平富碱侵入岩带。该岩带全长约1400km，宽100－150km，不仅发育有狭义的碱性岩（方沸黑云橄榄黄长岩、白榴黄长煌斑岩、霞石正长岩、霓辉石正长岩、黑榴石正长岩和含霓石石英正长岩）和碱性花岗岩（钠闪石花岗岩、霓辉石钠闪石花岗岩），还发育有大量的正长岩类－二长岩类－碱长花岗岩或晶洞钾长花岗岩。这些富碱侵入岩主要形成于晚中生代。绍兴－恩平燕山期富碱侵入岩带的厘定将对研究华南中生代的动力学的背景与演化具有重要的意义。     

云南建水县长岭岗碱性侵入岩体岩石特征与成因

云南建水县长岭岗碱性侵入岩体由碱长正长岩、霞石正长岩(广义的)构成。其中霞石正长岩(广义的)可进一步划分为黑云霞石正长岩、霓辉霞石正长岩、黑榴霞石正长岩和霞石正长岩。岩石属过碱性岩石,轻稀土富集,具负铕异常和负铈异常。该碱性侵入岩形成于板块内部环境的可能性较大,可能是在地幔底辟的作用下由地壳下部物质重熔形成。     

山东枣庄偏碱性杂岩矿物学特征与成矿关系的研究

<正> 山东枣庄含磷偏碱性杂岩体,位于鲁西台背斜西南缘鲁中隆起与郯城-徐州坳断带接触部位,侵入于泰山群片麻岩中。岩体平面呈环状小岩株,面积4km~2。杂岩体侵入可分三期,第一期主要为黑云母辉石岩类,分布在岩体中部;第二期为正长辉长岩类,分布在岩体外环;第三期多为正长岩脉,并穿插前二期岩石。杂岩体的含矿岩石为黑云母辉石岩,其矿物组合主要为次透辉石、黑云母、磷灰石,有少量及微量磁铁矿、钛铁矿、正长石、榍石等。蚀变矿物为绿泥石、角闪石、绿帘石等。本主文要讨论与磷矿化有关的第一期岩石内几种主要矿物的矿物学、矿物化学与成磷的关系。     

冀东太平寨地区麻粒岩及有关岩石的辉石研究

冀东早太古代迁西群是由火山-沉积岩系变质生成的一套变质杂岩。它的主体是麻粒岩类以及退变质生成的斜长角闪岩类的岩石。该套变质岩系的下部夹有层状和透镜状变质超镁铁质岩(变橄辉岩、变辉橄岩、变辉石岩及变闪辉岩),而上部为变质的含铁岩系。以石渣子山和娄子山为例,它们的含铁岩层分别为辉石磁铁石英岩和英榴易熔岩。 本区的麻粒岩和斜长角闪岩在岩相学上呈渐变关系。绝对不含角闪石和/或富钛黑云母的麻粒岩是很少的。本文将以角闪石和斜长石为主要组成矿物的岩石归为斜长角闪岩类。在斜长角闪岩类岩石中,角闪石含量大大超过辉石,另外常见被角闪石交代的辉石残晶。     

The Mlindi ring structure. An example of an ultrapotassic pyroxenite to syenite differentiated complex

The Mlindi ring complex in southern Malawi, dated at 495 Ma, is intrusive in the Proterozoic migmatite basement composed mainly of hornblende- and biotite-bearing paragneiss and dolomitic marble. Three main lithologic facies have been distinguished: (1) syenite, which crops out in the outer part of the complex as an oval-shaped ring dike (7 km×9 km) and as a rim of massive bodies cutting the mafic rocks of the central part, (2) two types of diopside-biotite gabbro (syenogabbro and gabbronorite), and (3) a banded phlogopite pyroxenite cumulate intruded by the diopside-biotite gabbro. Major- and trace-element geochemistry shows these rocks to form a continuous suite from pyroxenite to syenite with two potassium trends: a highpotassium trend comprising pyroxenite and syenogabbro in which ultrapotassic rocks (K₂O/Na₂O > 3) are developed, and a low-potassium trend with gabbronorite and sodic syenite. The major-element geochemistry of the phlogopite pyroxenite is similar to that of the kamafugitic series volcanic rocks containing micaceous pyroxenite inclusions. The pyroxenite is poorer in compatible elements (e.g. Ni=100–200 ppm, Cr=40–1200 ppm, Cu=5–200 ppm and Co=50 ppm) than other mafic cumulates or lamproite and lamprophyre, which suggests that the Mlindi rocks crystallized from an already differentiated magma. On the other hand, the pyroxenite has a very high content of incompatible elements (e.g. Th or REE) due to abundant apatite; consequently their REE patterns are commonly similar to that of apatite. The A1₂O₃ (2%) and TiO₂ (<0.4%) contents of diopside are very low, whereas the biotite (or phlogopite) is rich in TiO2 (3–4%). Compositional changes, especially Fe-Mg substitution, in these minerals were small during differentiation.     

The Fanshan Apatite-Magnetite Deposit in the Potassic Ultramafic Layered Intrusion, North China

Abstract. This article reviews work carried out on the Fanshan layered apatite (-magnetite) deposit, which occurs in the Fanshan complex, a potassic ultramafic-syenite layered intrusion located in North China. The Fanshan complex intruded into Proterozoic sedimentary rocks in the early Triassic. The complex comprises First- to Third-Phase Intrusives. The First-Phase Intrusive includes rhythmic Units 1 to 9, which mainly consist of clinopyroxenite and biotite clinopyroxenite. The apatite (-magnetite) deposit is situated near the top of rhythmic Unit no. 6 of the First-Phase Intrusive.
The economical deposit comprises Orebody II and Orebody III. Orebody II, situated at the top of Unit no. 6, consists of two kinds of layer: one magnetite-apatite rock layer at the top and a few apatite rock layers at the bottom. Orebody III is situated several meters below Orebody II, and consists of an apatite rock layer.
There is controversy over the ore formation mechanism, the temperature and pressure of the magma intrusion, and the origin of the magma (including the possibility of magma immiscibility). We review these problems of this unique apatite (-magnetite) magmatic deposit.     

Evaluation of phase chemistry and petrochemical aspects of Samchampi-Samteran differentiated alkaline complex of Mikir Hills,northeastern India

The Samchampi-Samteran alkaline complex occurs as a plug-like pluton within the Precambrian granite gneisses of Mikir Hills, Assam, northeastern India and it is genetically related to Sylhet Traps. The intrusive complex is marked by dominant development of syenite within which ijolitemelteigite suite of rocks is emplaced with an arcuate outcrop pattern. Inliers of alkali pyroxenite and alkali gabbro occur within this ijolite-melteigite suite of rocks. The pluton is also traversed by younger intrusives of nepheline syenite and carbonatite. Development of sporadic, lumpy magnetite ore bodies is also recorded within the pluton. Petrographic details of the constituent lithomembers of the pluton have been presented following standard nomenclatorial rules. Overall pyroxene compositions range from diopside to aegirine augite while alkali feldspars are typically orthoclase and plagioclase in syenite corresponds to oligoclase species. Phase chemistry of nepheline is suggestive of Na-rich alkaline character of the complex. Biotite compositions are typically restricted to a uniform compositional range and they belong to ‘biotite’ field in the relevant classification scheme. Garnets (developed in syenite and melteigite) typically tend to be Ti-rich andradite, which on a closer scan can be further designated as melanites. Opaque minerals mostly correspond to magnetite. Use of Lindsley’s pyroxene thermometric method suggests an equilibration temperature from ∼450°–600°C for melteigite/alkali gabbro and ∼400°C for syenite. Critical assessment of other thermometric methods reveals a temperature of equilibration of ∼700°–1350°C for ijolite-melteigite suite of rocks in contrast to a relatively lower equilibration temperature of ∼600°C for syenite. Geobarometric data based on pyroxene chemistry yield an equilibration pressure of 5.32–7.72 kb for ijolite, melteigite, alkali pyroxenite, alkali gabbro and nepheline syenite. The dominant syenite member of the intrusive plug records a much higher (∼11 kb) equilibration pressure indicating a deeper level of intrusion. Major oxide variations of constituent lithomembers with respect to differentiation index (D.I.) corroborate a normal magmatic differentiation. A prominent role of liquid immiscibility is envisaged from field geological, petrographic and petrochemical evidences. Tectonic discrimination diagrams involving clinopyroxene chemistry strongly suggest within plate alkaline affinity for the parental magma which is in conformity with the regional plume tectonics.     

新疆天山成矿带铁磷矿地质及成矿专属性

本文对成矿带内的岩浆岩杂岩体进行了含矿性研究,划分出4个含矿杂岩带与5个矿床成因类型。成矿专属性研究表明:岩浆岩型铁磷矿受古地台边缘深大断裂控制;容矿岩石为主要偏碱性-铁质及铁镁质岩系列;容矿岩石主微量元素明显不和谐;岩石类型共生组合主要表现为黑云母透辉石岩、辉石岩、碱性辉长岩、斜长岩、碳酸岩的共伴生;矿物共生组合主要表现为透辉石+磷灰石+磁铁矿+黑云母,斜长石+磷灰石+磁铁矿+钠黝帘石组合,辉石+磷灰石+磁铁矿等特征;元素的共生组合主要表现为P、Fe、Ti、V、REE具显著相关性。通过预测研究,进行了找矿远景区的划分,划分出具有成矿条件的9个找矿远景区。     

冀北印支期碱性岩浆活动及其地球动力学意义

冀北印支期碱性岩浆活动及其地球动力学意义张招崇（中国地质科学院地质研究所，北京１０００３７）王永强（中国地质科学院西安地质矿产研究所，西安７１００５４）关键词碱性岩浆印支期冀北地球动力学燕山地区是否存在印支期的构造、岩浆活动一直存在着争论。过去多数人...     

西南三江甭哥金矿床磷灰石地球化学特征及地质意义

甭哥金矿床位于西南三江造山带北段的义敦弧南缘,属于与富碱侵入岩有关的金矿床。目前,对其成矿机理认识仍较为薄弱,制约了资源评价和找矿勘查进展。本文选取甭哥金矿床强矿化的正长斑岩和弱矿化的黑云辉石正长岩中的磷灰石作为研究对象,详细剖析磷灰石的地球化学特征,探讨其记录的成岩成矿信息。结果表明,磷灰石的稀土元素含量特征及配分模式显示富碱岩浆主要来自于壳幔混合的源区,黑云辉石正长岩中磷灰石的(La/Sm)N、(La/Yb)N、(Sm/Yb)N值和Sr含量呈正相关,说明长石结晶对岩浆结晶分异有重要的影响;正长斑岩中磷灰石具有高Sr/Y、Ce/Pb值,而Th/U、(Sm/Yb)N值较低,指示强烈的流体活动参与了岩浆结晶过程;磷灰石挥发分(F、Cl)含量及比值特征指示金矿成矿流体主要来自地幔源区,成矿与富碱、高氯的成矿流体有关。磷灰石Mn氧逸度计估算结果显示,甭哥富碱侵入岩具有高氧逸度特性,但两种不同岩性岩石的氧逸度具有差异性。其中,正长斑岩的logf_(O_2)值为-12～-10. 3,黑云辉石正长岩的logf_(O_2)值为-15. 5～-11. 1,磷灰石中SO_3含量及Ga含量也暗示正长斑岩的氧逸度高于黑云辉石正长岩的特征;结合磷灰石低Mn、Ga含量和高的Cl、SO_3含量,反映甭哥金矿床金的成矿是在高氧逸度条件下金氯络合物迁移、富集而沉淀的结果。因而,磷灰石的地球化学特征对金矿床成矿过程示踪和勘查评价具有重要的指示意义。     

唐古拉山北坡中新世霓辉石正长岩的地球化学特征、时代及构造意义

阿多霓辉石正长岩是分布在唐古拉山北坡的碱性侵入岩,岩石中含有大量的霓辉石、白榴石、霞石等碱性矿物。侵入体具有明显的分带性,其中心的白榴石霓辉石正长岩为典型的碱性岩,而边部或呈岩脉状出现的霓辉石正长斑岩为酸性程度较高的霓辉石正长岩,岩石具有富钾、高硅和低铁镁的特点,稀土元素配分型式呈轻稀土元素富集型,无Eu异常。霓辉石正长岩侵入于早—中侏罗世雁石坪群中,上新世曲果组不整合于其上。在黑云母霓辉石正长斑岩中获得了10.71Ma±0.08Ma和11.26Ma±0.16Ma正长石和黑云母的Ar39/Ar40坪年龄,其侵位时代为中新世。构造环境分析结果显示其形成于后造山构造环境。这表明在10Ma左右青藏高原处在构造体制转换时期,这些碱性岩是造山带崩塌早期阶段的产物。     

太行山南段有矿岩体与无矿岩体的对比

摘 要　 太行山南段是我国著名的矽卡岩铁矿成矿区域。区内有很多岩体‚有的有矿‚有的 无矿。选择了一些有代表性的岩体‚进行系统的岩石学研究工作‚总结了有矿、无矿两类岩 体的判别标志‚并对一些现象产生的原因进行了初步讨论。     

Large-scale silicate liquid immiscibility: a possible example from northeastern Brazil

Ultrapotassic, peralkalic silica-saturated plutons (580 Ma) are widespread in the Cachoeirinha-Salgueiro foldbelt, northeastern Brazil. They consist of alkali-feldspar syenites with pyroxenite as co-magmatic inclusions and syn-plutonic or late-stage dikes. Pyroxenite and syenite have the same mineral phases (aegirine-augite, microcline, sphene, apatite, blue amphibole, magnetite), but only in different proportions. Rare inclusions of a “mixed” rock (about 60% syenite+40% pyroxenite in an emulsion-like texture) are also present. Pyroxenes in the three units are all only slightly zoned, silica-saturated and extremely low in Al₂O₃ (0.2–1.4%). Amphiboles are mostly K-rich richterite, characterized by high SiO₂, low Al₂O₃ and TiO₂ contents and low Mg#.

The three rock types have similar REE chondrite-normalized patterns, with negative slopes and lack of Eu anomaly, with the total REE in the pyroxenite greater than that of the syenite. Trace element patterns for the mixed rock are intermediate between those for the pyroxenite and syenite. Major element partitioning between pyroxenite and syenite has the same sense as that one observed between immiscible liquids in volcanic lavas and trace element partitioning is similar to the experimentally determined partition of immiscible liquid pairs.

The rocks have similar high δ¹⁸O values (avg. w.r.+ 8‰_SMOW, corrected from pyroxene), high initial ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios (about 0.710), and low ¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd (avg. 0.51104).

Field and geochemical characteristics indicate chemical equilibrium among the three rock types and suggest liquid immiscibility between syenite and pyroxenite, the mixed rock representing the original magma composition.