变水深对畸形波及其时频能量谱的影响

使用VOF (volume of fluid)方法实现了变化水深条件下畸形波的数值模拟,使用小波分析方法计算模拟结果的时频能量谱,发现变化水深可以加强波浪的非线性相互作用,使转化到高频端的能量更多,产生了不对称程度更大的畸形波.     

畸形波生成、演化过程时频能量结构研究

基于流体体积(VOF)方法建立完全非线性波浪数值模型,控制方程采用雷诺时均方程和k-ε方程,使用该模型模拟了畸形波的生成、演化过程.在此基础上,使用小波分析法重点研究了畸形波生成、演化过程中波浪序列的时频能量结构.研究结果表明,畸形波生成前、后出现的过渡大波虽然不满足畸形波定义的所有指标,但其能量瞬时集中程度仍然很高,包含大量高频能量,内部结构和畸形波完全类似,应该引起重视.     

水槽中浅水非线性长波传播的 Boussinesq 数值模拟

浅水非线性长波传播变形中会产生波-波相互作用,为较好地模拟这种现象,在非交错网格下建立了近似在阶完全非线性的高阶 Boussinesq 数值模型.数值模型中采用了混合 4 阶 Adams- Bashforth -Moulton 格式和内部造波技术.数值计算了非线性长波在波浪水槽中的传播变形,计算结果与相关实验数据吻合较好,验证了该数值模型实用性.     

波浪谱形对不规则波数值模拟的影响

通过数值模拟分析了波浪谱形对不规则波浪数值模拟结果的影响.采用不同参数的JONSWAP谱模拟入射波要素,基于抛物型缓坡方程模拟不规则波浪的传播,分析了波浪谱形状对波浪数值模拟结果的影响.结果表明,采用抛物型缓坡方程模拟不规则波浪时,入射波浪谱形对模拟结果影响不明显;但由于模型中非线性项的影响,采用不规则波模拟的波高分布和采用规则波模拟的结果略有差别.     

数值研究非平底地形对畸形波能量结构的影响

采用流体体积(VOF)方法捕捉自由表面,结合有限差分方法求解N-S(Navier-Stokes)方程、k-ε模型封闭,建立数值模型,并使用该模型模拟非平底地形条件下畸形波的生成。采用小波分析方法计算模拟结果的时频能量谱,基于计算结果分析非平底地形对畸形波能量集中程度和高频能量的影响。主要结论为:坡度小于1∶10的斜坡地形和无量纲水深变化小于0.333的曲线地形对畸形波时频能量谱的影响不显著;坡度大于1∶10的斜坡地形和无量纲水深变化大于0.333的曲线地形会显著影响畸形波的时频能量谱,随着坡度和无量纲水深变化的增加,时频能量谱中畸形波发生时刻附近,能量向高频方向移动,使得能量在高频端的分布范围增大,时频谱密度峰值减小;斜坡和曲线地形的特征变化对于畸形波能量集中度参数的影响不显著。     

高阶谱方法建立三维畸形波聚焦模拟模型

三维波浪方向聚焦是畸形波形成机理之一.为了模拟和分析这一现象,在势流理论内基于改进的高阶谱(HOS)方法,给出了时空聚焦方式生成畸形波的三维波浪模型.利用满足周期性边界条件的具有不同频率、不同传播方向的各独立组成波,分隔了计算域内的能量;使各组成波采用等振幅能量分布的形式,聚焦模拟了实验尺度畸形波;把高阶谱方法拓展到大尺度的开敞海域,考虑波浪方向分布的影响,聚焦模拟了大尺度畸形波的发展和形成过程.     

基于分层Boussinesq类模型的深水波数值模拟

波群演化有非常特殊的物理现象。模拟这一过程要求模型具有较好的色散性性能同时具有良好的波幅离散性能、非线性性能。采用分层Boussinesq类方程对深水波群得到非线性演化开展数值模拟研究。利用Stansberg(1993)的物理实验验证了分层Boussinesq方程波浪模型在该研究中具有很好的适用性和较高的精度。模型较好地预报了组成波的倍频、和频及差频波浪。越接近造波板,结果吻合的越好。随着长时间的演化,主频部分的组成波的波高数值结果要大于实测结果,高频部分的组成波出现明显差异。     

畸形波生成、演化过程研究——波面时间过程随位置的变化

基于完全非线性波浪数值模型,模拟实测畸形波的生成、演化过程,进而分析波面时间过程和畸形波参数的变化规律.研究结果表明:在畸形波形成前、后均可能出现连续的大波和“深谷”现象.在畸形波生成、演化过程中出现的“深谷”和畸形波具有伴生性而非独立异常波浪现象.上述大波、“深谷”和畸形波的连续作用对海洋结构物和船舶造成的潜在威胁可...     

基于小波变换的畸形波海况时频分析研究

在随机海浪条件下,基于修正的四阶非线性薛定谔方程(m NLS)能够有效地模拟畸形波的非线性演化,文中利用小波变换对演化过程进行分析,并对时频谱特征参数(能量集中区域在时域和频域的分布范围)以及能量集中度进行了定量描述,结果表明,当畸形波出现时,能量可以由低频向高频扩散且能量集中度相对较大。     

基于光滑质点流体动力学方法数值波浪水槽研究

基于光滑质点流体动力学(smoothed particle hydrodynamics,简称SPH)方法建立二维数值波浪水槽,利用推波板造波生成孤立波和不规则波,模拟结果跟实验值及解析解做了对比分析,结果令人满意.SPH数值水槽中生成的波浪具有明显的非线性,波浪能量沿程有所衰减,与物理水槽结果吻合良好.     

Numerical simulation and mechanism analysis of freak waves

A numerical wave model based on the modified fourth-order nonlinear Schroe dinger equation(mNLSE) in deep water was developed to simulate the formation of freak waves and a standard split-step,pseudo-spectral method was used to solve the equation.The validation of the model is firstly verified,then the simulation of freak waves was performed by changing sideband conditions,and the variation of wave energy was also analyzed in the evolution.The results indicate that Benjamin-Feir instability(sideband instability) is an important mechanism for freak wave formation.     

An efficient focusing model for generation of freak waves

Based on the Longuet-Higgins wave model theory, the previews studies have shown that freak waves can be generated in finite space and time successfully. However, as to generating high nonlinear freak waves, the simulation results will be unrealistic. Therefore, a modified phase modulation method for simulating high nonlinear freak waves was developed. The surface elevations of some wave components at certain time and place are positive by modulating the corresponding random initial phases, then the total surface elevation at the focused point is enhanced and furthermore a freak wave event is generated. The new method can not only make the freak wave occur at certain time and place, but also make the simulated wave surface time series satisfy statistical properties of the realistic sea state and keep identical with the target wave spectrum. This numerical approach is of good precision and high efficiency by the comparisons of the simulated freak waves and the recorded freak waves.     

基于OpenFOAM三维多向畸形波数值模拟研究

基于二次开发开源计算流体力学(CFD)软件包Open FOAM中的非稳态不可压缩两相流求解器inter Foam建立数值模型,增加了基于方向谱的三维造波边界和吸收边界,成功模拟了三维多向畸形波过程。通过与模型试验波面和目标谱对比,验证了数值模型模拟三维多向畸形波的有效性。另外,分析了网格尺度和柯朗数对模拟结果的影响,并使用连长统计和SIWEH两种方法分析了包含畸形波波列的群性。研究结果表明:在本研究范围内,网格尺度设置0.02 m×0.01 m×0.02 m,最大柯朗数选择0.25,模拟出的三维畸形波效果最好;从能量角度描述畸形波的群性更为合理。     

Numerical study of nonlinear freak wave impact underneath a fixed horizontal deck in 2-D space

Freak waves are extreme and unexpected surface waves with huge wave heights that may lead to severe damage to ships and offshore structures. However, few researches have been conducted to investigate the impact underneath fixed horizontal decks caused by freak waves. To study these phenomena, a 2-D numerical wave tank is built in which nonlinear freak waves based on the Peregrine breather solution are generated. As a validation, a regular-wave-induced underneath impact is simulated and compared to the existing experimental measurements. Then the nonlinear freak-wave-induced impact is investigate with different values of deck clearance above the mean free surface. In addition, a comparative simulation of a “large” regular wave based on the 2nd-order Stokes wave theory with the same crest height and wave length of the nonlinear freak wave is carried out to reveal the unique features of the nonlinear freak-wave-induced impact. By applying a fluid–structure interaction (FSI) algorithm in which the bottom deck and front side wall are simplified as Euler beams in 2-D and discretized by the finite element method (FEM), the hydroelastic effects are considered during the impact event. The vertical force acting underneath the bottom deck, the transversal force acting on the front side wall, the structural displacements of the elastic deck and wall are analyzed and discussed respectively, from which meaningful conclusions are drawn.     

畸形波数值模拟和定点生成

采用David L等人提出的数值模拟产生畸形波的方法,以Longuet-Hinggins模型为基础,利用一个基本波列和一个瞬态波列线性叠加模拟波面,在很短的波列中得到畸形波,从而使模拟畸形波的效率提高。得到的畸形波畸形程度较高,并且可以控制畸形波出现的时间和地点。用该方法模拟实测畸形波并与其进行对比验证,结果表明模拟产生的畸形波和实测畸形波吻合良好。以此方法为基础,在实验室内物理产生畸形波将更加具有可操作性。     

Comparison of linear and nonlinear extreme wave statistics

An extremely large (“freak”) wave is a typical though rare phenomenon observed in the sea. Special theories (for example, the modulation instability theory) were developed to explain mechanics and appearance of freak waves as a result of nonlinear wave-wave interactions. In this paper, it is demonstrated that the freak wave appearance can be also explained by superposition of linear modes with the realistic spectrum. The integral probability of trough-to-crest waves is calculated by two methods: the first one is based on the results of the numerical simulation of a wave field evolution performed with one-dimensional and two-dimensional nonlinear models. The second method is based on calculation of the same probability over the ensembles of wave fields constructed as a superposition of linear waves with random phases and the spectrum similar to that used in the nonlinear simulations. It is shown that the integral probabilities for nonlinear and linear cases are of the same order of values     

Numerical Simulation of Freak Waves Based on the Four-Order Nonlinear Schrdinger Equation

A numerical wave model based on the modified four-order nonlinear Schrdinger (NLS) equation in deep water is developed to simulate freak waves. A standard split-step, pseudo-spectral method is used to solve NLS equation. The validation of the model is firstly verified, and then the simulation of freak waves is performed by changing sideband conditions. Results show that freak waves entirely consistent with the definition in the evolution of wave trains are obtained. The possible occurrence mechanism of freak waves is discussed and the relevant characteristics are also analyzed.     

Generation and Properties of Freak Waves in A Numerical Wave Tank

Freak waves are generated based on the mechanism of wave focusing in a 2D numerical wave tank. To set up the nonlinear numerical wave tank, the Boundary Element Method is used to solve potential flow equations incorporated with fully nonlinear free surface boundary conditions. The nonlinear properties of freak waves, such as high frequency components and wave profile asymmetry, are discussed. The kinematic data, which can be useful for the evaluation of the wave forces exerted on structures to avoid underestimation of linear predictions, are obtained, and discussed, from the simulated results of freak waves.