基于HHT的舰船地震波信号实时检测算法

针对舰船地震波信号的非平稳性,将希尔伯特–黄变换(HHT)应用于舰船地震波信号处理中, 并基于 Hilbert 能量谱提出舰船地震波信号实时检测算法。首先,对实测地震波信号进行 HHT 分析,获得信号的时频谱、边际谱、瞬时能量谱以及 Hilbert 能量谱。然后,基于舰船地震波信号 Hilbert 能量谱的特点,选取 Hilbert 能量谱中特定频带内的能量作为检测特征量,利用滑动窗截取数据更新特征量和相应的自适应阈值。 最终,根据一定的检测规则,提出了舰船地震波信号的实时检测算法。实测数据和仿真数据表明：该检测算法能够实时地完成对目标信号的检测,具有较远的检测距离,且在信噪比为–10 dB 时,检测概率达到 100%。     

船基激光法波浪测量仪器的研究

介绍了船基激光法波浪测量仪器研制的可行性。船载激光测波是利用舰船作测量平台,在水面上方设置激光测距装置,以一定的频率测量探头与水面的垂直距离,分析所测距离信号的变化规律,可以得出波浪高度、周期等信息,描述出波浪的形态和变化规律。文章提出了测量原理,分析了可能遇到的测量误差,给出了相应的解决措施,得出了研究开发船基激光法波浪测量仪器的可行性结论。     

一种舰船轴频电场实时检测方法

为了能够在低信噪比的条件下提高目标的检测概率,降低目标的漏警率和虚警率,提出了一种基于信号特征的舰船轴频电场实时检测方法。 根据舰船的螺旋桨转速与轴频的对应关系确定了特征频段, 将特征频段内经过线谱、连续谱分离及线谱识别后的功率谱估计的最大值作为特征量。 根据环境变化,设置具有自适应功能的动态阈值,对信号进行实时检测,确定疑似目标点。 然后通过模量判断,线谱倍频判断和线谱稳定性判断,最终确认目标是否存在。 对仿真信号和实测信号进行了特征提取和检测,在不同海况和较低信噪比下实现了目标检测。     

尺度自适应分层多阈值热红外遥感舰船检测

针对热红外遥感图像由于低对比度、条带噪声、低空间分辨率等特点而导致的检测效果不佳问题,提出了一种近岸舰船目标尺度自适应选择分层多阈值检测方法。采用舰船模板图像尺度归一化高斯拉普拉斯函数取极大值准则进行尺度自适应选择,利用所选的高斯多尺度空间差分多阈值筛选进行近岸舰船检测,并根据不同类型舰船模板图像尺度和分块数选择对热红外图像舰船目标检测的影响进行验证实验。实验结果表明:所提方法能根据模板尺度特征滤除相似区域,通过设置合理尺度和阈值参数能实现有效检测,且具有一定的抗噪能力。     

构建一种PNI磁传感器的舰船磁场信号检测系统

针对舰船磁场检测这一问题,提出了一种利用 PNI 磁传感器测量的方案,并设计了一套由 STC15 单片机控制的舰船磁场检测系统。 系统由 PNI 磁传感器、STC15 单片机、串口通讯模块、电源分配模块和上位机组成,实现了信号的采集、调理、传输和分析处理的过程。 最后,通过水池船模试验证明了该测量系统能够实现对舰船磁场信号进行检测。     

波浪作用下黄河口粉土海床粗化室内模型试验研究

利用室内水槽模型实验,对黄河口粉质海床土在波浪荷载下的粗化现象进行了研究,试验中观测了土体表层沉积物的变化,测量了土体内孔隙水压力及土的粒径变化,结合高密度电阻率法探测结果分析探讨了波浪作用下土体粗化机理.研究表明,波浪作用会使粉质海床土发生明显的粗化现象;土体液化是波浪导致粉土粗化的首要条件;土体内超孔隙水压力累积及消散是细颗粒物质迁移的主要动力.该结果对于研究黄河口粉土海床地貌的形成有一定参考意义.     

波浪作用下沙床中的孔隙水压力响应模型实验研究

本文介绍了在波浪水槽中进行的波浪作用下沙床中的孔隙水压力量测实验，并给出和分析了部分实验数据，实验中的波浪采用和规则波和不规则波。沙床采用了均质沙床和分层沙床，同时对沙床上有直立墙的模型也进行了实验。     

闭环控制在波浪数值水槽中的应用

为了解决波浪数值水槽控制端与试验区波浪数据不一致的问题,需建立波浪数据的"控制—采集—反馈—再控制"闭环控制系统。采用FLUENT的UDF编程功能,实时采集试验区波浪数据作为造波控制系统的反馈信号,通过对试验区波浪数据进行谱分析,并与目标谱进行比较,进而修改控制系统的传递函数,实现了波浪数值水槽的闭环控制。大量的不规则造波实例表明,该闭环控制方法不仅可以修正波浪控制端与试验区的误差,且具有较好的稳定性。闭环控制的实现显著提高了系统的造波质量与品质,具有较好的应用前景。     

斜向入射波与反射波的分离

提出了一种分离斜向入射波和反射波的方法,波浪可以是规则波、不规则波,波向可以任意.在一定的限制条件下,采用两点浪高仪的波浪信号就可将斜向入射波和反射波分离.     

波浪在可渗海床上传播时的衰减

在以往的波浪理论研究中,通常假定海床是不可渗的。但在浅水区,海床的可渗性对波浪的传播有一定影响,它能引起波高的衰减,同时波浪也能够引起海床的变形、滑动、甚至液化。当海床的弹性小,渗透性大时,波浪与可渗海床的这种相互作用更为明显。本文通过对波浪场控制方程－拉普拉斯方程和弹性海床的控制方程－比奥方程联合解析求解,给出了海床土体响应、孔隙水压变化规律,以及波高在传播过程中的衰减。     

Unsteady ship waves in shallow water of varying depth based on Green–Naghdi equation

Based on Green–Naghdi equation this work studies unsteady ship waves in shallow water of varying depth. A moving ship is regarded as a moving pressure disturbance on free surface. The moving pressure is incorporated into the Green–Naghdi equation to formulate forcing of ship waves in shallow water. The frequency dispersion term of the Green–Naghdi equation accounts for the effects of finite water depth on ship waves. A wave equation model and the finite element method (WE/FEM) are adopted to solve the Green–Naghdi equation. The numerical examples of a Series 60 (C_B=0.6) ship moving in shallow water are presented. Three-dimensional ship wave profiles and wave resistance are given when the ship moves in shallow water with a bed bump (or a trench). The numerical results indicate that the wave resistance increases first, then decreases, and finally returns to normal value as the ship passes a bed bump. A comparison between the numerical results predicted by the Green–Naghdi equation and the shallow water equations is made. It is found that the wave resistance predicted by the Green–Naghdi equation is larger than that predicted by the shallow water equations in subcritical flow , and the Green–Naghdi equation and the shallow water equations predict almost the same wave resistance when , the frequency dispersion can be neglected in supercritical flows.     

Research on energy conversion system of floating wave energy converter

A wave power device includes an energy harvesting system and a power take-off system. The power take-off system of a floating wave energy device is the key that converts wave energy into other forms. A set of hydraulic power take-off system, which suits for the floating wave energy devices, includes hydraulic system and power generation system. The hydraulic control system uses a special“self-hydraulic control system”to control hydraulic system to release or save energy under the maximum and the minimum pressures. The maximum pressure is enhanced to 23 MPa, the minimum to 9 MPa. Quite a few experiments show that the recent hydraulic system is evidently improved in efficiency and reliability than our previous one, that is expected to be great significant in the research and development of our prototype about wave energy conversion.     

Prediction of design wave loads of the ocean structure by equivalent irregular wave approach

The present study is employing the equivalent irregular wave approach to predict the wave loads for a ship encountering the worst sea state with respect to the critical dynamic loading parameter. Two different hydrodynamic numerical models, i.e. 3D pulsating source technique and 3D translating pulsating source technique, are applied to calculate the corresponding RAO of the ship moving in waves. Incorporating the RAO of the related physical properties, we can calculate the extreme value for the corresponding ship loading factor, which can be regarded as the worst sea state in the service lifetime of the ship. With the time and period of the occurrence of the corresponding extreme value, we can simulate the time history of the wave load in this period, which is so-called equivalent irregular wave approach. Comparing with the results calculated by the traditional equivalent regular wave approach, we find that the equivalent irregular wave approach can simulate the corresponding wave load more realistic, especially for dynamic pressure. Using the equivalent irregular wave approach can offer the effective and practical base for the ship structural analysis.     

多点液压式波浪能海水淡化系统建模与仿真

为缓解淡水资源短缺及化石能源过度使用问题,提出多点液压式波浪能海水淡化系统,该系统主要由采能装置、液压传递系统与反渗透膜海水淡化设备组成。系统的采能装置采用振荡浮子式,可将波浪能转换为浮子振荡从而被液压系统吸收达到采集波浪能的目的。为了提高液压式波浪能海水淡化系统的采能效率及淡水率,利用AMEsim软件对液压传递系统进行建模与仿真,分析了蓄能器、浮子个数及波高对液压传递系统输出响应的影响。结果表明:蓄能器能够使液压马达的输出响应更加稳定;当浮子的数量增加时,液压系统达到稳定的运行状态所需的时间更短,从而有利于提高系统的效率;波高在2 m左右时,本系统的产水量达到最大。     

基于蓄能器的液压传动系统研究

为充分利用海洋可再生能源,文章针对波浪能具有不稳定和不连续的特点,设计采用带有蓄能器的液压传动系统,保障波浪能发电装置稳定地输出电能;利用AMESim对液压系统进行仿真,分别研究蓄能器对电能输出的影响以及蓄能器的释放压力对永磁发电机的影响,并搭建应用蓄能器的摇臂式波能发电平台进行实验验证。仿真与实验结果表明:具有蓄能器的液压传动系统电能输出稳定,且合适的释放压力可优化液压系统和发电机的输出,可为实海况应用提供理论支持。     

珠江三角洲快速客船船行波模拟及其爬高研究

采用不规则波生波技术模拟珠江三角洲快速客船实测船行波,分别在波浪水槽和波浪水池中进行了船行波模拟试验研究。确定了不同波要素、不同入射角以及不同护岸坡比、平台宽窄、护面层结构等对船行波在斜坡护岸上的爬高影响,取得了船行波在斜坡式护岸上爬高的经验关系式。为珠江三角洲内河航道快速客船船行波作用下护坡的设计提供参考依据。     

压力公式的修正及其在波浪荷载计算中的应用

计入前进速度流动与非定常流动之间的干扰,修正了切片法中计算压力的公式,从而建立了计算波浪荷载的方法,开发了相应的计算机程序。计算实例同国内外有关资料的比较表明结果吻合良好,为船舶与海洋结构物结构有限元分析程序提供了有效的前处理模块     

柔性水囊潜堤消波特性的溃坝水槽试验研究

柔性水囊潜堤由橡胶制成，内部充水，具有结构简单、造价低廉等优点，能较好满足人工岛、跨海桥梁、海洋平台等基础设施建设工程对简单便携、拆装方便的临时防波堤的需求。为了探究柔性水囊潜堤的消波特性，在溃坝水槽内开展溃坝波与半圆柱形柔性水囊潜堤相互作用的试验研究，重点探究柔性水囊潜堤与溃坝波相互作用过程中水位变化特性，并与半圆柱刚性潜堤的性能进行比较；同时分析柔性水囊潜堤内部初始水压和浸没深度等参数对其消波性能的影响。结果表明：柔性水囊潜堤能够用作临时防波堤来衰减波浪；与半圆柱刚性潜堤相比，柔性水囊潜堤在降低溃坝波无量纲最大水位、提高消波性能方面更具优势；内部初始水压是影响柔性水囊潜堤消波性能的重要因素，适当降低内部初始水压，有利于增强柔性潜堤的变形程度，进而增加波能耗散，可获得更好的消波效果；而增加浸没深度即潜深，会使得柔性水囊潜堤对溃坝波的影响程度降低，消波效果减弱。     

Declutching control of a wave energy converter

When hydraulic power take off (PTO) is used to convert the mechanical energy of a wave energy converter (WEC) into a more useful form of energy, the PTO force needs to be controlled. Continuous controlled variation of the PTO force can be approximated by a set of discrete values. This can be implemented using either variable displacement pumps or several hydraulic cylinders or several high pressure accumulators with different pressure levels. This pseudo-continuous control could lead to a complex PTO with a lot of components. A simpler way for controlling this hydraulic PTO is declutching control, which consists in switching on and off alternatively the wave energy converter's PTO. This can be achieved practically using a simple by-pass valve. In this paper, the control law of the valve is determined by using the optimal command theory. It is shown that, theoretically when considering a wave activated body type of WEC, declutching control can lead to energy absorption performance at least equivalent to that of pseudo-continuous control. The method is then applied to the case of the SEAREV wave energy converter, and it is shown than declutching control can even lead to a higher energy absorption, both in regular and irregular waves.