柔性水囊潜堤消波特性的溃坝水槽试验研究

柔性水囊潜堤由橡胶制成，内部充水，具有结构简单、造价低廉等优点，能较好满足人工岛、跨海桥梁、海洋平台等基础设施建设工程对简单便携、拆装方便的临时防波堤的需求。为了探究柔性水囊潜堤的消波特性，在溃坝水槽内开展溃坝波与半圆柱形柔性水囊潜堤相互作用的试验研究，重点探究柔性水囊潜堤与溃坝波相互作用过程中水位变化特性，并与半圆柱刚性潜堤的性能进行比较；同时分析柔性水囊潜堤内部初始水压和浸没深度等参数对其消波性能的影响。结果表明：柔性水囊潜堤能够用作临时防波堤来衰减波浪；与半圆柱刚性潜堤相比，柔性水囊潜堤在降低溃坝波无量纲最大水位、提高消波性能方面更具优势；内部初始水压是影响柔性水囊潜堤消波性能的重要因素，适当降低内部初始水压，有利于增强柔性潜堤的变形程度，进而增加波能耗散，可获得更好的消波效果；而增加浸没深度即潜深，会使得柔性水囊潜堤对溃坝波的影响程度降低，消波效果减弱。

Experimental study on wave attenuation characteristics of a flexible fluid-filled submerged breakwater in a dam-break tank

The flexible fluid-filled submerged breakwater is made of rubber. In order to meet the needs of temporary breakwater with simple, portable and convenient disassembly for infrastructure construction projects such as artificial island, cross-sea bridge and offshore platform, an experimental study on interaction between dam-break wave and semi-cylindrical flexible fluid-filled submerged breakwater was carried out. Both of the semi-cylindrical rigid submerged breakwater and the flexible submerged breakwater are used to compare the advantages of flexible structure and explore the law of interaction between flexible structure and dam-break wave. The stiffness of the submerged breakwater system can be adjusted by changing the internal hydraulic pressure to influence the deformation degree of the flexible surface under the action of waves, so as to obtain different wave attenuation effects. By adjusting the water level height of the downstream experimental section, the influence of the submergence depth on the wave absorption performance of the flexible submerged dike can be studied. The results show that the flexible fluid-filled submerged breakwater can be used as temporary breakwaters to attenuate dam-break wave. And compared with the rigid submerged breakwater, the flexible submerged breakwater behaves better in reducing dimensionless maximum water level of dam-break wave and improving wave absorption performance. Initial internal hydraulic pressure is an important factor affecting the wave absorption performance. Appropriate reduction of initial internal pressure is conducive to enhancing the degree of deformation of flexible surface, increasing wave energy dissipation and achieving better wave absorption effect. And with the increase of submerged depth, the action of submerged dike on dam-break wave is weakened.