通窍健步汤合尼莫地平片治疗轻中度脑梗死后血管性痴呆40例

目的：观察通窍健步汤合尼莫地平片治疗轻中度气血亏虚、瘀血阻络型脑梗死后血管性痴呆（VaD）的临床疗效。方法：将80 例轻中度气血亏虚、瘀血阻络型VaD患者分为治疗组和对照组,每组各40 例。对照组用尼莫地平片治疗,治疗组在对照组基础上加通窍健步汤治疗。治疗3个月后,分别以简易精神状况检查表（MMSE）、日常生活活动能力（ADL）量表及Blessed行为量表评估患者的认知能力、日常生活能力和行为能力,并监测安全性指标。结果：总有效率治疗组为87.5%（35/40）,高于对照组的72.5%（29/40）,2组比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜ 0.05）。2组MMSE量表、ADL量表及Blessed行为量表评分均较治疗前改善（P＜ 0.01）,且治疗组改善程度优于对照组（P＜ 0.05或P＜ 0.01）。2组治疗过程中相关安全性指标较治疗前均未发生明显变化,且未见任何不良反应。结论：通窍健步汤合尼莫地平片治疗轻中度脑梗死后VaD气血亏虚、瘀血阻络证患者疗效颇佳,且无不良反应。     

加味地黄饮治疗脑小血管病所致认知功能障碍30例临床观察

目的：观察加味地黄饮对脑小血管病所致认知功能障碍的临床疗效。方法：将60例脑小血管病所致认知功能障碍患者随机分为治疗组和对照组，每组各30例。对照组给予西医基础治疗加奥拉西坦胶囊治疗，治疗组在对照组基础上再加中药加味地黄饮治疗。治疗3个月后，比较2组简易精神状态量表（MMSE）及蒙特利尔认知评估量表（MoCA）的评分情况。结果：总有效率治疗组为90.0%，对照组为76.7%，2组比较，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；2组患者MMSE、MoCA评分治疗前后组内比较及治疗后组间比较，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论：加味地黄饮能有效改善患者认知功能，提高临床疗效。     

头穴透刺治疗血管性轻度认知障碍40例临床观察

目的：探讨头穴透刺为主治疗血管性轻度认知障碍的疗效。方法：将血管性轻度认知功能障碍患者80例随机分为2组。对照组40例予常规针刺治疗，治疗组40例在对照组治疗的基础上给予头穴透刺疗法治疗。观察2组的综合疗效，并于治疗前后采用蒙特利尔认知评估量表（Montreal Cognitive Assessment，MoCA）对患者进行疗效评定。结果：总有效率治疗组为75.0%，优于对照组的60.0%，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。2组MoCA评分治疗前后组内比较及组间差值比较，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论：头穴透刺联合常规针刺可有效地改善血管性轻度认知障碍患者的认知功能和日常生活能力。     

益智安神汤治疗肾虚髓减型老年性痴呆30例临床观察

目的：探讨益智安神汤治疗老年性痴呆肾虚髓减证患者的临床疗效。方法：将60例肾虚髓减型老年性痴呆患者分为2组，每组各30例。治疗组采用自拟方益智安神汤治疗，对照组采用盐酸多奈哌齐胶囊治疗。2组疗程均为8周。观察比较2组的中医证候疗效及治疗前后简易智能精神状态检查量表(MMSE)评分和日常生活能力Barthel指数（MBI）评分。结果：中医证候疗效总有效率治疗组为90.00%，对照组为76.67%，2组比较，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后2组MMSE、MBI评分均明显高于治疗前，治疗组改善优于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05，P<0.01）。结论：益智安神汤能够有效减轻老年性痴呆肾虚髓减证患者的症状，改善其日常生活能力和认知功能，疗效优于盐酸多奈哌齐胶囊。     

针灸治疗轻度认知功能障碍的Meta分析

目的：系统评价针灸治疗轻度认知功能障碍（MCI）的疗效及安全性。方法：计算机检索Pubmed、EMbase、The Cochrane Library、中国生物医学文献数据库（CBM）、万方数据（WANFANG DATA）、维普中文科技期刊数据库（VIP）和中国知网（CNKI）,收集关于针灸治疗MCI的随机对照试验（RCTs）,检索时限均从建库至2020年2月。由2位评价员独立筛选文献、提取资料并评价纳入研究的偏倚风险后,采用 RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果：最终纳入11项RCTs,共1005 例MCI患者。Meta分析结果显示：治疗组在总有效率［RR= 1.35,95%CI=(1.19,1.53),P＜0.00001］及治疗后简易精神状态检查表（MMSE）积分［MD=1.10,95%CI=(0.92,1.28),P＜0.00001］、蒙特利尔认知评估（MoCA）积分［MD=1.59,95%CI=（1.00,2.18),P＜0.00001］方面均优于对照组;2组日常生活能力（ADL）积分［SMD=0.12,95%CI=(-0.32,0.56),P=0.60］、血清β-淀粉样蛋白值［SMD=-0.58,95%CI=(-2.08,0.93),P=0.45］比较,差异无统计学意义。结论：针灸疗法能安全有效地改善MCI患者认知功能,其疗效优于非针刺疗法,但在改善日常生活能力方面的效果与非针刺疗法无明显差异。     

天麻钩藤饮加减治疗肝阳上亢型原发性高血压病30例

目的：观察天麻钩藤饮加减治疗肝阳上亢型原发性高血压病的临床疗效。方法：将60例肝阳上亢型原发性高血压病患者随机分为2组。对照组30例口服拉西地平治疗，治疗组30例在对照组治疗基础上加天麻钩藤饮加减治疗。结果：总有效率治疗组为96.67%，对照组为83.33%，2组比较，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。2组血压治疗前后组内比较及治疗后组间比较，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。2组不良反应发生率比较，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论：天麻钩藤饮加减治疗原发性高血压病有较好的临床疗效。     

中医三步序贯法治疗急性脑出血42例临床观察

目的：观察中医三步序贯法治疗急性脑出血的临床疗效。方法：将84例急性脑出血患者随机分为2组各42例，对照组采用西医常规治疗，治疗组采用中医三步序贯法治疗。结果：总有效率治疗组为95.24%，对照组为73.81%，2组比较，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。治疗组治疗后FMA评分与ADL评分均明显高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：中医三步序贯法治疗急性脑出血的效果满意，可明显提升患者的运动功能与日常生活能力。     

中西医结合治疗糖尿病腹泻30例临床观察

目的：观察中西医结合治疗糖尿病腹泻的临床疗效。方法：将脾胃虚弱型糖尿病腹泻患者60例随机分为治疗组及对照组各30例，对照组予西医常规治疗，治疗组在对照组治疗基础上予自拟健脾止泻化毒汤治疗。结果：总有效率治疗组为90.0%，对照组为63.3%，组间比较，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；2组中医证候积分治疗前后组内比较及治疗后组间比较，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；2组复发率比较，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）。结论：自拟健脾止泻化毒汤治疗脾胃虚弱型糖尿病腹泻疗效显著，且复发率低。     

五脏温阳化瘀汤治疗肾虚血瘀型老年性痴呆30例临床研究

目的：观察五脏温阳化瘀汤治疗肾虚血瘀型老年性痴呆（AD）的临床疗效。方法：将60例AD患者随机分为2组各30例。2组均给予基础治疗，对照组在此基础上给予盐酸多奈哌齐片治疗，治疗组在对照组治疗的基础上加服五脏温阳化瘀汤颗粒剂治疗。观察2组的综合疗效及治疗前后简易精神状况检查量表（MMSE）、日常生活能力量表（ADL）评分。结果：总有效率治疗组为86.67%，对照组为73.33%，组间比较，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。2组MMSE、ADL评分治疗前后组内比较及治疗后组间比较，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：五脏温阳化瘀汤治疗老年性痴呆疗效确切。     

血府逐瘀汤加减联合背俞穴拔罐治疗颅脑损伤32例临床观察

目的：观察血府逐瘀汤加减联合背俞穴拔罐治疗轻中型颅脑损伤的临床疗效。方法：将63例轻中型颅脑损伤患者随机分为治疗组32例与对照组31例，对照组采用西医常规治疗，治疗组在对照组治疗的基础上联合应用血府逐瘀汤加减和背俞穴拔罐治疗，采用简明精神状态量表（MMSE）评定认知能力，改良Barthel指数（BI）评定日常生活活动能力。结果：总有效率治疗组为96.9%，对照组为87.1%，组间比较，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；2组MMSE、Barthel指数总评分治疗前后组内比较及治疗后组间比较，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论：血府逐瘀汤加减联合背俞穴拔罐法能有效改善轻中型颅脑损伤患者临床症征、认知能力，提高日常生活活动能力。     

Suction caisson installation in sand with isotropic permeability varying with depth

Suction-induced seepage is pivotal to the installation of caisson foundations in sand. Indeed, the upward pore water flow on the inner side of the caisson wall causes a release of a fraction of soil resistance due to the reduction of the lateral effective stress. A safe caisson installation requires a reliable prediction of soil conditions, especially soil resistance and critical suction for piping. These soil conditions must be predicted for the whole installation process.In this paper, we examine the effect on such prediction of the assumed permeability profile, which is described as a function of depth below the mudline. This study is motivated by the fact that marine sediments generally exhibit a permeability that decreases with depth because of consolidation under gravity. Hence, the question is whether conventional theories based on a constant permeability lead to a conservative prediction of soil conditions or not. Our conclusion is affirmative only regarding piping condition. As for soil resistance, a prediction based on the assumption of a constant permeability is non-conservative. This is due to an overestimated reduction in effective stresses under suction-induced seepage.     

A theory for waves interacting with porous structures with multiple regions

This study presents an analytical solution for the problem of waves passing a submerged porous structure, using a multi-region method in the solution scheme considering the characteristics of geometry and composing materials of the porous structure. Using the flux and pressure conditions on horizontal boundaries and interfaces, the orthogonal property of wave motion within the porous layers through water depth is derived, and applied in the solution process. The flux and pressure conditions on vertical boundaries and interfaces are integrated to give a set of linear matrix equations, through which the unknown coefficients are solved. Comparisons of the present method with previous studies are preceded in verification, which suggests the validity and practicability of the present study, with a further expectation of extending our work to build a mild-slope equation over multiple-layer porous medium in the future.     

海洋藻类--对付全球变暖的武器?

最近,由欧盟(则资助的研究项目(Parforce)研究人员发现了海洋藻类与气候变化之间的联系。项目研究人员发现,从海洋藻类及浮游生物释放的碘蒸汽,在海面上浓缩,形成对抗地球变暖的悬浮微粒。此悬浮微粒对地球气候变化及降     

肺复方联合顺铂对气阴两虚Lewis肺癌荷瘤小鼠的影响

目的：研究气阴两虚Lewis肺癌荷瘤模型小鼠的行为学特征、饮水量、摄食量、体质量及肺复方对上述指标及脏器指数的影响。方法：取C57BL/6J小鼠40只,将其随机分为空白组8只、造模组32只。造模组灌服热性中药水煎液合并烟熏制备气阴两虚模型（造模第一阶段,共14 d）,于第15天移植Lewis肺癌细胞（造模第二阶段,共14 d）,按性别、体质量分层随机分为模型组、顺铂组、肺复方组及顺铂+肺复方组（联用组）,连续进行药物干预14 d。以造模每阶段及药物干预第1天的体质量、饮水量和摄食量分别作为基础体质量、基础饮水量和基础摄食量。并于固定时间,每2 d记录动物饮水量和摄食量,每3 d记录动物体质量,药物干预结束后处理动物,测量、计算其去瘤体质量和肝、脾及胸腺的脏器指数。结果：造模第一阶段小鼠饮水量和摄食量减少,造模第二阶段小鼠体质量增加,气阴两虚Lewis肺癌荷瘤模型小鼠脾脏和肝脏指数升高,胸腺指数降低（P<0.05或P<0.01）。药物干预后各组小鼠活动量增加,肺复方组饮水量、体质量增加,顺铂组小鼠摄食量、体质量减少,脾脏指数、去瘤体质量降低,联用组小鼠饮水量增加、摄食量减少,脾脏、胸腺指数升高（P<0.05或P<0.01）。结论：气阴两虚Lewis肺癌荷瘤模型小鼠的饮水量和摄食量减少,体质量增加;肺复方可缓解模型动物口干少饮、形体羸瘦等症状,改善顺铂引起的不良反应,增加模型小鼠脾脏和胸腺指数;肺复方干预肺癌的作用机制可能与其增强机体免疫功能有关。     

善待海洋就是善待人类自己

本文介绍了浙江近海生态环境恶化情况，并提出了强化浙江省生态环境保护与建设的对策措施建议。     

Swath bathymetry with GLORIA

For many years, GLORIA has been producing sonar images of the deep ocean floor. In the mid-1980's, the SeaMARC II system came to prominence producing depth values as well as sonar images. The basic method compares the phases of the signals returning from the seafloor to two rows of transducers. The phase differences are converted into angles of arrival and together with the arrival times converted into range and depth values. This capability has now been added to the GLORIA system. The fact that GLORIA uses a 2s FM pulse means the backscattered reverberation can come from a strip of seafloor up to 1.5 km wide. To accommodate this, overlapping complex FFT's are used to produce a time-frequency matrix for the returning signals. In this matrix, a constant range feature appears as a diagonal. Phases are then calculated using a least-mean-squares estimate along diagonals. The main source of error and bias is due to surface reflection, and this is taken into account. The GLORIA swath bathymetry system was tested on two cruises and it was possible to produce depth contours with a good level of confidence. The total swath width was over eight water depths and would have been greater with a more favorable velocity profile. Comparison with other bathymetry data (such as multibeam systems) showed excellent correlation, having a standard deviation of only 4% of total water depth     

太阳能海水淡化技术

文章论述应用太阳能集热和太阳能光伏发电系统进行蒸馏淡化和膜法淡化的海水淡化方法。与传统动力源和热源相比 ,太阳能具有安全、环保等优点 ,将太阳能采集与脱盐工艺两个系统结合是一种可持续发展的海水淡化技术     

Norway's experience with ITQs

This paper discusses the development of ITQs in Norway. Even if some would deny that anything such exists, fisheries management in Norway has some unmistakable characteristics of an ITQ system. Both boatowners and policy makers have discovered the attractions of transferable quotas, the former as a means to increase their private profits, the latter as a vehicle to reduce fleet overcapacity. The slow evolution of transferability is mainly the result of ideological opposition and opposition to structural changes, the latter involving falling number of fishermen, changes in location of the fishing industry, and changed composition of the fishing fleet. The development of this system in the purse seine fleet and the fleet fishing for cod and similar species is traced. Then the concept of resource rent is discussed, as well as how it has become capitalized in quota values, which show up as a rise in value of long term assets of the fishing industry.     

Position measurements with radiosondes

The use of Omega sondes, designed for the determination of upper air wind vectors, for relative position measurements on the ground is described. The technique shows promise in measuring the deformation of sea ice, the motion of oceanic surface water, and the trajectories of constant-level balloons. The sondes need not be recollected, are inexpensive, and can be built up to large arrays. The accuracy can be as high as ±30 m within a radius of about 30 km from the observing point. The computation is based on noise suppression of the signal retransmitted from the sondes