辽宁省数字化形变观测自然干扰分析

对数字形变观测过程中辽宁丹东地震台、营口地震台、抚顺地震台、朝阳地震台DSQ水管仪、SS-Y伸缩仪存在的自然干扰现象进行研究,对其机理和数据形态作了对比分析,为快速、准确地判别自然干扰提供了科学依据。     

漳州地震台SSY型伸缩仪资料干扰因素分析

通过对漳州地震台SSY型伸缩仪观测资料的分析,总结日常观测过程中可能遇到的多种干扰因素.从自然、外界环境、人为干扰、仪器自身等干扰因素的典型表现,加深对非地震前兆因素干扰的识别,以便更好地排除此类干扰,提高仪器观测资料的质量.     

石嘴山地震台伸缩仪典型异常图像及形成原因浅析

通过对石嘴山台伸缩仪2008年至今资料的分析,绘制一系列典型异常图像,主要从自然、仪器、人为、不明原因等四方面简要总结了各种干扰的形成原因,此外从同震记录方面分析总结了伸缩仪典型异常图像形成的机理。     

乌加河地震台形变观测异常与干扰识别

收集并整理2018—2020年乌加河中心地震台VP型垂直摆、体应变仪、伸缩仪和水管倾斜仪等形变观测资料,分析归纳地球物理异常与各类干扰特征,自然因素、人为干扰和地球物理事件在观测曲线上主要表现为噪声大、阶跃、台阶、突跳、高频干扰和趋势性变化、同震响应等特征。不同观测仪器对各类干扰的响应不同,甄别并分析干扰特征及原因,可为准确识别各类形变干扰提供依据。     

石嘴山地震台DSQ水管倾斜仪干扰因素概括分析

通过抽取我台DSQ水管倾斜仪2008年至今的数字化观测资料,总结了现阶段影响DSQ水管倾斜仪资料的干扰因素,从自然和人为两大类进行了概括。由于我台地处西北,目前仪器受到雷雨天气、气压突变的影响最明显最频繁,反映在数据曲线上是毛刺和抖动,2010年8月采用增加分隔门的方法后自然干扰有所减轻。突然停电和来电会对水管仪数据造成脉冲状干扰。此外同槽安装仪器的互相影响、仪器工作状态的影响、以及各种人为干扰都做了小结。     

怀来地震台线应变观测中的干扰及消除方法

怀来地震台伸缩仪观测中存在一种干扰,此干扰起止时间、持续时间、干扰变化幅度每年基本相当.本文就引起此干扰的因素、干扰机理展开讨论与分析,并提出一种消除此干扰的方法,剔除怀来地震台伸缩仪数字化观测资料中的干扰后,发现与地震的对应关系较好,提高了地震观测资料分析的准确度.     

荣成地震台形变观测干扰分析

对荣成地震台2套形变仪运行以来影响观测质量的干扰因素进行了总结分析,得出影响观测资料的自然因素主要有感应雷击、降雨影响及气压影响;观测系统因素主要有数采故障、电压影响;人为因素主要有仪器标定和仪器调零。通过对干扰、故障因素的分析,为日常工作中观测人员及时发现地震前兆异常提供参考依据。     

西安地震台形变观测自然环境干扰分析

以西安地震台形变学科2014年、2015年观测资料为研究对象,统计水管仪、伸缩仪、垂直摆等形变仪观测数据所受干扰,分析典型自然环境干扰的影响特征及一般规律,为同类地震台的干扰识别及相应措施制定提供参考,为观测数据的深化应用提供依据。     

DS—80A型地声仪

一、设计依据 野外观测和室内模拟试验证实地声频谱范围较宽,从低于1赫兹到几千赫兹。因此,要求地声仪频响做的宽些。但频带宽了,又容易受各种自然与人为干扰,且展宽低频端很难做到频响平直,因而我们设计的仪器,频率范围从10赫兹到5千赫兹。低端与微震仪衔接,高端满足接收近震高频的需要。     

乌什地震台DSQ水管倾斜仪资料干扰初步分析

对DSQ水管倾斜仪近2年的资料进行了初步分析,总结了现阶段影响DSQ水管倾斜仪资料的干扰因素。微气流及大风对水管倾斜仪存在较大干扰,造成数据曲线有较多的毛刺、台阶和抖动,但不会改变固体潮总体变化形态,采用细沙、苯板填埋堵塞电缆沟的方法后干扰有所减少。伸缩仪的检修工作、仪器自身工作状态不正常、人为进山洞也会对水管倾斜仪产生干扰。突然停电会对水管仪数据造成台阶状干扰;雷雨天气、气压突变会造成水管仪资料数据曲线发生畸变。     

On steps and methods for the establishment of global boundary stratotype section and point (GSSP) from the viewpoint of integrated stratigraphy

The steps and methods for the establishment of the global boundary stratotype section and point (GSSP) are summed up briefly as follows. (i) Select rock sequences of approximately the same age duration in a region, make a thorough study of their properties or attributes in order to establish the high-resolution stratigraphic units reflecting the natural rhythms in Earth's history, and proceed by multidisciplinary comprehensive studies to reveal the relationship, including time-space relation and possible mutual causality, among the various stratigraphic units and the different natural rhythms established. (ii) Seek for the "natural break" that represents the "major natural changes in the historical development of the Earth" in shallow marine facies areas, which is frequently the third-order sequence boundaries. (iii) Trace from shallow marine facies areas toward the continental slope and bathyal areas to seek for a continuous depositional sequence that corresponds in time span to the "natural break" of shallow marine facies areas. (iv) Seek for a horizon within the continuous depositional sequence that approximately coincides with the maximum regressive point in the "natural break". This horizon is commonly within a lowerstand systems tract (LST) or a shelf margin systems tract (SMST) of the relevant third-order sequence. (v) Seek immediately above this horizon of maximum marine regression for an organic radiation or explosion event closely related to the natural boundary, which is generally the first flooding surface (FFS) of the relevant third-order sequence. (vi) Select within the organic event deposits closely related to the FFS the base boundary of a fossil taxon with widest geographical range as the Leading Group biozone for designation of the stratigraphic boundary. (vii) Select from among the sections with continuous depositional sequence formed under similar sedimentary palaeogeographic background (in general continental slope or bathyal environments) the section which possesses the shortest distance between the base boundary of the Leading Group biozone and the immediately underlying FFS of the relevant third-order sequence as the global stratotype section. The first appearance datum (FAD) of the Leading Group biozone species in the section may be regarded as the ideal GSSP. The steps suggested above are a supplement and improvement of the currently used procedures and methods for establishing GSSP. The GSSP established by using the steps and methods suggested here would make the stratigraphic boundaries better reflect the "major natural changes in the historical development of the Earth", more readily distinguishable and easily operable in recognition and correlation, and at the same time also make the designation of boundaries more objective.     

安徽寿县丁家孤堆遗址自然变形遗迹的发现及特征初探

古遗址、古墓地发掘过程中自然变形现象的识别研究是反演或充实最新构造变形历史记录的重要工作。地震部门会同文物考古部门对安徽寿县丁家孤堆遗址文化层进行宏、微观研究,发现了自然变形痕迹,其主要表现为文化层被砂脉穿切,初步研究显示为地震液化遗迹,发生时代处于龙山晚期至西周时期。研究有助于推动中国东部文化层中地震遗迹的识别。     

地-空界面上天然中子辐射场的数理模型

本文论述了地－空界面上天然宇宙中子流的来源;将天然中子按能量分为快中子组（En＞01MeV）与慢热中子组,建立了地－空界面上天然快中子流与慢热中子流粒子注量率随空间分布的数理方程.理论与实测结果相互验证表明：（1）地－空界面上天然中子流粒子注量率随距近地表高度的增加而呈指数规律减小;（2）地－空界面上天然中子流粒子注量率随海拨高程增加而呈指数规律增加;（3）地－空界面上上升中子流粒子注量率随地表介质含水率的增加而减少.     

Modeling of ice phenomena in the mouth of the Vistula River

The mouth of the Vistula River, which is a river outlet located in tideless area, is analyzed. The Vistula River mouth is a man-made, artificial channel which was built in the 19th century in order to prevent the formation of ice jams in the natural river delta. Since the artificial river outlet was constructed, no severe ice-related flood risk situations have ever occurred. However, periodic ice-related phenomena still have an impact on the river operation. In the paper, ice processes in the natural river delta are presented first to refer to the historical jams observed in the Vistula delta. Next, the calibrated mathematical model was applied to perform a series of simulations in the Vistula River mouth for winter storm condition to determine the effects of ice on the water level in the Vistula River and ice jam potential of the river outlet.     

On the abnormally high natural remanent magnetization of certain lavas

Summary The rock specimens found to have natural remanent magnetization of abnormally high intensity, have been generally from hill sides or tops, or from ridges high up from the local surroundings. A field of several hundred oersteds has been found sufficient to produce in some of the artificially demagnetized specimens an isothermal magnetization of the same order as the abnormal natural ones, and this magnetization has shown a similar degree of stability as the natural one. Variations in the direction and magnitude of the natural magnetic vector have been found over a distance of a few centimetres. Laboratory tests indicate a normal chemical composition for the specimens. The lightning discharge seems to be the plausible cause of abnormally high magnetization of rocks, which is generally isothermal and might have originated in the recent past, but the magnetization is sometimes complicated probably by the thermal effect of the discharge.     

An isotope study of the accumulation mechanisms of high-sulfur gas from the Sichuan Basin,southwestern China

The mechanism of hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) generation plays a key role in the exploration and development of marine high-sulfur natural gas, of which the major targets are the composition and isotope characteristics of sulfur-containing compounds. Hydrocarbon source rocks, reservoir rocks, natural gases and water-soluble gases from Sichuan Basin have been analyzed with an online method for the content of H₂S and isotopic composition of different sulfur-containing compounds. The results of comparative analysis show that the sulfur-containing compounds in the source rocks are mainly formed by bacterial sulfate reduction (BSR), and the sulfur compounds in natural gas, water and reservoir are mainly formed by thermal sulfate reduction (TSR). Moreover, it has been shown that the isotopically reversion for methane and ethane in high sulfur content gas is caused by TSR. The sulfur isotopic composition of H₂S in natural gas is inherited from the gypsum or brine of the same or adjacent layer, indicating that the generation and accumulation of H₂S have the characteristics of either a self-generated source or a near-source.     

An inexpensive circuit design for the acoustic detection of oscillations in bedload transport in natural streams

A circuit design is reported which is demonstrated to be capable of receiving and recording the underwater sound of inter-particle collisions on natural stream beds during the process of bedload transport. Field trials were undertaken in a natural stream with sand-sized bedload particles. The results obtained, for a constant stream stage, give support to the idea of the occurrence of short period oscillations in the rate of bedload transport.     

Some methods for the analysis of equipment-structure interaction

We present some numerical methods which simplify the analysis of equipment-structure systems composed of an equipment component which is light with respect to the structure component. We consider completely general forms of equipment-structure interaction. In particular, we consider that an arbitrary number of natural frequencies of the equipment and the structure are nearly equal (or equal) to each other. We show that this coincidence of natural frequencies implies that the equipment-structure system will itself have several closely spaced natural frequencies. The essence of equipment-structure interaction is the formation of beats, with slowly varying amplitude in each degree of freedom, between these natural frequencies-at least in response to a δ-function ground motion. We derive some differential equations, the solutions of which are a slowly varying envelope function (a vector) which yields the above slowly varying amplitudes. It is obtained by numerical integration using some conventional, but modified, methods and using a step size appropriate to capture its slowly varying nature. This envelope function defines the response to a δ-function ground motion. We show how it may be combined with the properties of an arbitrary ground motion (acceleration record or response spectrum) to yield the response to such a ground motion.     

Hydrochemical Features of Lake Itcul Ecosystem and the State of Phytoplankton

Water Resources - The results of hydrochemical analysis of water in Lake Itkul, which is a natural monument of Chelyabinsk oblast and an important recreation and tourist object for the population...     

The identification of magnetite in limestones using the low-temperature transition

The low-temperature (K₁) transition has been measured in prepared samples with a low concentration of magnetite to test the validity of the technique for identifying magnetite in weakly magnetized rocks. Using an astatic magnetometer, magnetite concentrations as low as 1 part in 100,000 can be satisfactorily detected.Measurements on natural samples show the presence of magnetite in a variety of limestones which are known to have a stable natural remanent magnetization.