肾外伤的CT诊断及临床价值

目的是探讨ＣＴ检查对肾外伤的诊断与分型及其对临床的价值．材料与方法：对５６例肾外伤的临床ＣＴ表现进行回顾性分析。结果：依据ＣＴ表现将肾夕伤分为４型：（１）肾挫伤（肾内血肿）２６例;（２）肾包膜下出血１９例：（３）严重肾损伤（肾横断或肾碎裂）１３例;（４）单纯肾周血肿２例。结论：ＣＴ能明确出肾外伤的诊断与分型,为临床治疗方案的制定提供重要依据。     

肝脏外伤的CT评价

ＣＴ扫描为闭合性腹部外伤而血液动力学稳定患者的首选检查方法，对发现外伤及其程度高度敏感，专门和准确，使得许多外伤患者，特别是肝外伤得以做手术治疗，ＣＴ成像能有效地显示肝外伤保守治疗过程。     

外伤性迟发性颅内血肿的CT诊断

为了及早诊治外伤性颅内迟发性颅内血肿,研究外伤性迟发性颅内血肿的ＣＴ表现、ＣＴ随访价值。方法：在１２０例颅脑外伤患者中行ＣＴ随访检查。结果：通过ＣＴ复查,３２例发现有迟发性颅内血肿。其中硬膜外血肿１６例,硬膜下血肿１２例,颅内血肿４例。大约８０％的血肿在外伤后３天内出现。结论：外伤后３天内积极ＣＴ复查能及早发现迟发颅内血肿。即使开初ＣＴ扫描正常者,如病人的临床症状体征有改变,应立即行ＣＴ复查。     

胸腹部双螺旋CT扫描与临床应用

报告了２５００例胸腹部双螺旋ＣＴ扫描，胸部１０７５例，其中肺恶性肿瘤４０８例，肺炎性疾病３０１例，结核１０８例，胸膜疾病７５例，纵隔肿瘤和转移瘤５４例，腹部１４２５例，其中肝硬化、肝恶性肿瘤４２７例，良性病变１５６例，胰腺为、胰腺癌１１５例，肾、肾上腺肿瘤１９５例，其它胸部和腹部如：肝、胆囊、消化道及腹膜后疾病２３２例，余者共４２９列示查出病变。上述疾病均经临床或病理证实。双螺旋ＣＴ扫描的优点是速     

CT扫描在腹部实质性脏器损伤中的作用

目的：进一步提高对腹部实质性器官损伤的CT表现的认识水平，方法：56例经临床、手术证实的腹部外伤患者，男43例，女13例，年龄7－58岁，平均年龄23．2岁，全部行中上腹部CT平扫。结果：56例中，脾挫裂伤23例，脾包膜下血肿5例，脾内血肿4例；肝挫裂伤并包膜下血肿4例，肝内血肿3例：肝脾破裂并包膜下血肿5例，肾挫裂伤2例，肾包膜下血肿3例，肾内血肿3例，胰腺挫伤1例，肾上腺挫伤2例。结论：CT平均对腹部实质性器官的损伤有重要作用，肝实质局限性受压是包膜下血肿与腹腔积血的较为特征性征象。     

急性颈椎损伤的CT诊断

本文目的是分析急性颈椎损伤（ＡＣＴ）的ＣＴ征象,评价ＣＴ在ＡＣＴ诊断中的价值及限度。方法：７８例颈椎外伤患者行平片、薄层ＣＴ检查及三维重建,并做对照分析。结果经影像学诊断６０例ＡＣＴ,ＣＴ诊断５９例,１例ＣＴ阴性而由平片确诊 １例。平片与ＣＴ的骨折检出率分别为 ５３． ３％和 ９８．３％。结论：ＣＴ比Ｘ线平片可发现更多的骨折,并能明确骨折块与椎管的关系。这对临床处理严重颈椎损伤起到指导作用。     

颅脑外伤手术前后CT影像分析

对比颅脑外本文收集颅脑外患者患者１００例,大部分在伤后１小时九小时内作ＣＴ扫描目的是提高地颅 外伤手术前后ＣＴ表现变化的认识,使病人得到及时有效治疗。材料和方法：收集颅脑外伤手术患者１０６例,伤后１小时至１３天作ＣＴ检查,大部分在外伤后娄一部例在手术后１０天内ＣＴＴ昨查１次以上。均采用颅骨钻引流或去骨瓣减压术。将手术前后ＣＴ表现进行对比影像分析。结果：单纯硬膜外血肿,术后出现脑挫裂伤较少,且程度较     

复杂性颌面外伤的三维CT诊断

本文用３Ｄ９８软件对２２例复杂性颌面外伤常规ＣＴ扫描数据进行三维ＣＴ重建，讨论了三维ＣＴ诊断颌面外伤的优越性，提出尽管三维ＣＴ在骨折探测方面不及二维ＣＴ，但三维ＣＴ在评价骨折的形态，范围，骨折块移位及骨折所致的面部畸形方面优于常规ＣＴ，它是对二维ＣＴ的重要     

ENVIRONMENTAL PERSPECTIVE：BENEFICIAL AND ADVERSE EFFECTS OF THREE GORGES PROZECT

ＥＮＶＩＲＯＮＭＥＮＴＡＬＰＥＲＳＰＥＣＴＩＶＥ：ＢＥＮＥＦＩＣＩＡＬＡＮＤＡＤＶＥＲＳＥＥＦＦＥＣＴＳＯＦＴＨＲＥＥＧＯＲＧＥＳＰＲＯＺＥＣＴＦＡＮＧＺｉｙｕｎ１．ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＴｈｅＴｈｒｅｅＧｏｒｇｅｓＰｒｏｊｅｃｔ（ＴＧＰ）ｉｓａｖ...     

胸部创伤X线-CT诊断

本文对临床资料完整的５０例胸部创伤进行了Ｘ线与ＣＴ检查的对比分析，着重讨论了闭合性及开放性胸部创伤的ＣＴ征象。作者观察到Ｘ线检查在反映胸部全貌，肋骨骨折时优于ＣＴ扫描，而对Ｘ线未能发现的肺轻度挫伤、出血、少量气胸、心包积液、膈疝等，ＣＴ能做出明确诊断；还发现Ｘ线片所见到的脊柱旁长条状“纵膈气肿”实为脊柱旁的气胸影象。对Ｘ线检出的胸部阴影不能定性的，ＣＴ能区别为肺挫伤、肺血肿、肺囊肿、胸壁血肿等病变，为临床提供了较平片更加准确的放射诊断。对合并肝、脾、肾、肠等腹部脏器破裂的复合伤及骨盆、脊椎骨折等也可快速完成     

A Monte Carlo study of rainfall forecasting with a stochastic model

A procedure for short-term rainfall forecasting in real-time is developed and a study of the role of sampling on forecast ability is conducted. Ground level rainfall fields are forecasted using a stochastic space-time rainfall model in state-space form. Updating of the rainfall field in real-time is accomplished using a distributed parameter Kalman filter to optimally combine measurement information and forecast model estimates. The influence of sampling density on forecast accuracy is evaluated using a series of a simulated rainfall events generated with the same stochastic rainfall model. Sampling was conducted at five different network spatial densities. The results quantify the influence of sampling network density on real-time rainfall field forecasting. Statistical analyses of the rainfall field residuals illustrate improvement in one hour lead time forecasts at higher measurement densities.     

Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration Aims And Scope

正This journal is established by the Institute of Engineering Mechanics(IEM),China Earthquake Administration,to promote scientific exchange between Chinese and foreign scientists and engineers so as to improve the theory and practice of earthquake hazards mitigation,preparedness,and recovery.To accomplish this purpose,the journal aims to attract a balanced number of papers between Chinese and     

INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH AND TRAINING CENTER ON EROSION AND SEDIMENTATION(IRTCES)

正Director:Shangfu Kuang,China Vice-directors:Chunhong Hu,China Duihu Ning,China Guangquan Liu,China The International Research and Training Center on Erosion and Sedimentation(IRTCES)was jointly set up by the Government of China and UNESCO on July 21,1984.It aims at the promotion of international exchange of knowledge and cooperation in the studies of erosion and     

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正SCIENCE CHINA Earth Sciences,an academic journal cosponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Natural Science Foundation of China,and published by Science China Press and Springer,is committed to publishing high-quality,original results in both basic and applied research.