广东河台金矿区植物地球化学和遥感光谱特征

广东可台金矿区马尾松和芒箕对Ａｕ、Ｃｕ等金属元素有强的聚积作用,Ａｕ、Ｃｕ等金属元素的过量吸收,使植叶内的叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量。水分含量和叶面温度相应降低。金矿区与背景区相比,导松叶片的反光谱特征明显变化,叶绿素的反射峰和近工外肩的反射率值呈上升趋势,红界发生了５－１０ｎｍ的“蓝移”;利用遥感（ＴＭ）资料可以提取植被的光谱异常信息,这些植物地球化学特征和遥感光谱特征的变化规律,可用于探查隐伏金属     

遥感生物地球化学找金矿方法研究进展

总结了金矿的生物地球化学性质、植物的生物地球化学效应特征以及其波谱和遥感影像特征，以及利用遥感图像处理提取生物地球化学效应引起的植被光谱异常信息的专题信息提取方法。研究表明，在金矿区上生长的植物对金及伴生元素有较强的吸收和聚积作用，植物明显受到生物地球化学效应的毒化作用；金及伴生元素的过量吸收，使植物叶片中的叶绿素、类胡萝卜素含量、水含量和叶面温度相应降低；植物叶片细胞结构发生变异，叶冠波谱反射率和波形等光谱特征明显变化；在遥感图像上，金矿区的植被表现出异常特征信息。这些信息可以作为在植被区寻找隐伏矿床的遥感生物地球化学找矿的标志。利用遥感生物地球化学的理论和技术方法，从遥感数据中分析金矿的植被图像特征，提取与金矿化有关的植被异常特征信息，可以优先出金矿化遥感异常区，并列举了几个应用实例。同时，指出了需加强该领域的理论和应用研究，为广大植被覆盖地区寻求一种快速有效的探矿方法。     

北山荒漠景观区金、铜矿床植物地球化学找矿试验

通过对北山地区金、铜矿床植物地球化学找矿试验发现,生长在金矿区的所有植物种属中的Au和生长在铜矿区的所有植物种属中的Cu均属于极高—高衬度型,利用各植物种属中的Au和Cu含量寻找金和铜矿床具有良好的效果。根据植物地球化学异常的特征元素能区别金、铜矿种或矿化类型;矿上植物地球化学异常元素组合及分带性能定位预测掩埋或隐伏金、铜矿体的部位,同时还能推断隐伏矿体的剥蚀深度和深部矿化规模。     

甘肃北山金、铜矿床红沙的植物地球化学特征及其找矿意义

北山地区植被属戈壁荒漠植被类型，主要植物群落为红沙，红沙中多数元素特别是成矿元素及其伴生元素的含量和变化系数矿区大于背景区，元素含量背景区呈对数正态分布，矿区呈偏对数正态或多峰分布，红沙中的元素组合分类背景区为Au,Cu,Pb,Zn,As,Sb,Mo,V,Mn和Ag,Sn,Sr,Ba及Ti,Cr,Co,Ni,金矿区为Au,Ag,As,Sb,Mo,Mn,Sr和Cu,Pb,Zn,Sn,Ba及Co,Ni,Ti,V,Cr,铜矿区为Cu,Pb,Zn,Mo,Au,Ag,Ba和As,Sb,Sn,Mn及Ti,V,Cr,Co,Ni,Sr，矿区红沙中浓集系数较大的元素多数在矿区岩石中的浓集系统亦较大，金，铜矿床红沙和岩石中的特征元素分别都有Au,Ag,Ag,Sb,Mo,(Mn)和Cu,Pb,(Ba,Ti,Cr)。在金，铜矿床（体上方分别发育有良好的Au和Cu的生物地球化学异常和元素组合及分带，根据红沙的地球化学特征能，判断金或铜矿种类型，并能对掩埋，隐伏金，铜矿床（体）进行定位预测。     

土壤地球化学测量在广西龙胜县平等金矿普查中的应用

在广西龙胜县平等金矿区开展了1∶1万土壤地球化学测量工作。结合矿区地层、构造、岩浆岩等地质特征,进行了土壤地球化学测量找矿工作研究。通过元素含量分析,得出矿区Au、Pb、Ag、As、Sb、Hg元素含量相对较高,其中Au的变异系数最大,说明Au参与了次生富集作用;通过元素组合分析,得出矿区As-Sb、Pb-Ag-Zn-Hg、Au三类元素组合,主成矿元素Au与其他元素的相关性都很低,反应金矿化的成矿物质来源比较复杂;通过单元素异常及综合异常的分析,圈定出了3个找矿重点靶区。     

大兴安岭多宝山铜成矿区植物地球化学特征及找矿意义

在森林覆盖区利用植物地球化学找矿具有一定优势。对黑龙江省呼玛县多宝山铜矿区和相邻的呼玛县罕达气－白石砬子－宽河对照区进行植物地球化学找矿研究。植物样品采集以植物样方测量中常见植物为主,分别采集植物的根、茎、叶,并配套采集岩石和土壤各层位的样品,植物样品使用ICP-MS方法测试。植物中成矿元素对比和总富集系数(TEC)显示,在铜成矿区可以形成比较明显的植物地球化学异常。通过矿化岩石-土壤-植物元素相关分析和屏障系数(SC)证明,植物中元素异常与成矿作用具有成因联系。植物地球化学找矿干扰因素比较多,可利用元素在植物根、茎、叶器官内的分配特征来确定采样介质。提出利用衬度系数(CC)、组合衬度系数(CCC)、屏障系数(SC)等多指标方法选择有效指示植物,综合分析后认为白桦和胡枝子可作为多宝山铜成矿区有效指示植物。在大兴安岭森林覆盖区利用植物地球化学找矿是可行的。     

福建平和铜钼矿区植物地球化学特征研究

通过探讨福建省平和县钟腾、泮池、鸡笼山、大芹山4个主要矿区内地球化学元素在岩-土-植被中的迁移规律,以期为该区植物地球化学找矿提供依据。研究表明,土壤中主要金属元素及稀土元素REE的分配规律在垂向上与岩石具有一致性;植物对元素种类的吸收具有选择性,Zn在该区植物中显示强积聚的特征,Co、Ni、Cu属一般积聚型元素,Bi、Mo、As是弱积聚型元素。毛蕨和夹竹桃对稀土元素REE的富集十分明显,超过平均含量达千倍以上。初步判断毛蕨、夹竹桃对在研究区内寻找铜钼矿具有一定的指示意义。     

植物地球化学找矿中有效指示元素和有效指示植物的选择方法—以黑龙江多宝山铜成矿区为例

黑龙江多宝山铜成矿区属于大兴安岭森林沼泽景观区,在该区进行植物地球化学找矿具有一定优势。在植物地球化学找矿中,有效指示元素和有效指示植物是主要评价指标。本文研究目的是如何确定有效指示元素和有效指示植物。通过多宝山铜成矿区和相邻对照区植物地球化学对比研究,提出有效指示元素和有效指示植物选择的原则和方法。提出利用衬度系数(KCD)、组合衬度系数(ZKCD)、屏障系数(KPZ)等多指标方法选择有效指示植物。研究认为,多宝山成矿区有效指示元素为Cu及Ag、Mo、Co、Pb、Zn、W,白桦和胡枝子可作为有效指示植物。     

乌干达优势矿产成矿地质特征及远景区划分

作者在野外考察和资料整理分析的基础上,根据乌干达区域地质构造发展演化、矿产资源类型、矿点(矿化点)分布以及典型矿床特征,圈定了4个金有利成矿远景区:Busia金矿区,Mubende金矿区,Buhweju-Mashonga金矿区和Karamoja金矿区。通过对乌干达优势矿产资源的整体评估,划分了6个具有良好成矿潜力的多金属成矿远景区:基伦贝(Kilembe)铜-钴成矿区,布惠朱(Buhweju)金成矿区,穆本德-班尤诺(Mubende-Bunyoro)金、钨、锡等多金属成矿区,基索罗-恩通加莫(Kisoro-Ntungamo)金、锡、绿柱石等多金属成矿区,布希亚(Busia)金成矿区,卡亚穆伽(Karamoja)金、铜等多金属成矿区,并对各成矿远景区进行了简要阐述。     

河北青龙县冯台子多金属矿区地质特征及找矿方向

冯台子矿区成矿元素主要有金、铜、钼,水平分带性明显,成矿与卧龙岗杂岩体关系密切,在岩体内存在西沟斑岩型铜矿(紧邻矿区),岩体接触带附近以铜钼矿、金铜矿为主,侏罗系火山岩中(岩体围岩)主要赋存金矿。前人工作主要以找金为主,该区存在较好的Cu、Mo土壤异常,在全面分析矿区地质特征的基础上,重点研究该区的成矿机制,在找金的同时,提出寻找隐伏斑岩型铜钼矿的找矿方向及找矿标志。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of