The Organization of Multimedia Information in electronic Map

On the basis of an electronic map-based hypermedia data model (EMBHDM),this paper makes a study on the technologies of nonlinear storage,organization,management and browsing of information,management and browing of information as well as organization of data on the basis of the relationship between multimedia information of electronic maps. This paper first analyzes some features of electronic maps and hypermedia technologty,and then illustrates the creation of EMBHDM with some examples.The tests show that this model can efficiently organize and express multimedia data.     

Design of Conceptual Model in Digital Map Database

The components of map information are analyzed theoretically in this paper ,and the map information includes mainly the spatial information,attributive information and temporal characteristics information.Then the digital map entity is defined according to construction characteristics of the map information.Finally,on the basis of the analyses of the construction characteristics of digital map entity and present conceptual model of digital map database,an abstracted conceptual model of digital map database is presented.And the Normal Form theory of relational database is discussed particularly.     

An integrated data model in three dimensional GIS

The current GIS can only deal with 2-D or 2.5-D information on the earth surface. A new 3-D data structure and data model need to be designed for the 3-D GIS. This paper analyzes diverse 3-D spatial phenomena from mine to geology and their complicated relations, and proposes several new kinds of spatial objects including cross-section, column body and digital surface model to represent some special spatial phenomena like tunnels and irregular surfaces of an ore body. An integrated data structure including vector, raster and object-oriented data models is used to represent various 3-D spatial objects and their relations. The integrated data structure and object-oriented data model can be used as bases to design and realize a 3-D geographic information system.     

AN AUTOMATIC MAPPING METHOD OF SURFACE DISSECTION DENSITY MAP

This paper deals with the plinciple and method of automated analysis and recognition of valley line by topological transformation, calculation of surface dissection density map on the basis of Digital Elevation Model(DEM),and automated output of density map of starface dissection.     

Data model and visualization of 3D city landscape based on integrated databases

Data acquisition and modeling are the two important, difficult and costful aspects in a Cybercity project. 2D-GIS is mature and can manage a lot of spatial data. Thus 3D-GIS should make the best of data and technology of 2D-GIS. Construction of a useful synthetic environment requires integration of multiple types of information like DEM, texture images and 3D representation of objects such as buildings. In this paper, the method for 3D city landscape data model and visualization based on integrated databases is presented. Since the data volume of raster are very huge, special strategies(for example, pyramid gridded method) must be adopted in order to manage raster data efficiently. Three different methods of data acquisition, the proper data structure and a simple modeling method are presented as well. At last, a pilot project of Shanghai Cybercity is illustrated.     

Integration and Sharing of Geo-spatial Data Based on Data Engine

Through analyzing the principle of data sharing in the database system, this paper discusses the principle and method for integrating and sharing GIS data by data engine, introduces a way to achieve the high integration and sharing of GIS data on the basis of VCT in VC , and provides the method for uniting VCT into RDBMS in order to implement a spatial database with object-oriented data model.     

The hypermedia data model based on the infinity image

This paper presents the hypermedia data model based on the infinity RS image information system we have developed.The hypermedia data model consists of different semantic units called nodes,and the associations between nodes are called links.This paper proposes three kinds of nodes (interior node,physical node and complex node) and two kinds of links (plane network structure link,hyper-cube network structure links).The hypermedia information system,based on the model and the basic data layer (the infiniy RS image),represents a digital globe.An approach to the "Getting Lost in the Hyper-space" problem is presented.The approach using the hypermedia data model is an efficient way of handling a large number of RS images in various geographical information systems.     

An Urban Open Space Extraction Method： Combining Spectral and Geometric Characteristics

This paper introduces an advanced method based on remote sensing and Geographic Information System for urban open space extraction combining spectral and geometric characteristics. From both semantic and remote sensing perspectives, a hybrid hierarchy structure and class organization of open space are issues and mapped from one to another. Based on per-pixel and segmentation mechanism separately, two classification approaches are performed. Owing to prior of spatial aggregation and spectral contribution, the segmentation-based classification exhibits its superiority over a pixel-based classification. Finally a GIS-based post procedure is hired to eliminate some unsuitable open space components in both spatial and numerical constraints on the one hand, and separate open space some fabrics from fused remote sensing classes by defining their Shape Index on the other hand. The case study of Beer Sheva based on ASTER data proves this method is a feasible way for open space extraction.     

Object-oriented spatial data organization and management in GeoStar

Spatial data, including geometrical data, attribute data, image data and DEM data, are huge in volume and relations among them are complex. How to effectively organize and manage those data is an important problem in GIS. Several problems about space data organization and management in GeoStar which is a basic GIS software made in China are discussed in this paper. The paper emphasizes on object model of spatial vector, data organization, data management and how to realize the goal, and the like.     

A design of three-dimensional spatial data model and its data structure in geological exploration engineering

The key to develop 3-D GISs is the study on 3-D data model and data structure. Some of the data models and data structures have been presented by scholars. Because of the complexity of 3-D spatial phenomenon, there are no perfect data structures that can describe all spatial entities. Every data structure has its own advantages and disadvantages. It is difficult to design a single data structure to meet different needs. The important subject in the3-D data models is developing a data model that has integrated vector and raster data structures. A special 3-D spatial data model based on distributing features of spatial entities should be designed. We took the geological exploration engineering as the research background and designed an integrated data model whose data structures integrats vector and raster data byadopting object-oriented technique. Research achievements are presented in this paper.     

基于电子地图的超媒体数据模型研究

从电子地图的超媒体数据模型出发，研究基于电子地图的多媒体信息之间关系的非线性存储、组织、管理和浏览信息的表达技术和数据的组织形式。在分析电子地图和超媒体技术特点的基础上，以实例来阐述这种模型建立的基本思路。试验表明，基于电子地图的超媒体数据模型能够很好地组织和表达多媒体数据，并取得了较好的效果。     

多媒体电子地图的可视化表达技术

电子地图作为现代信息技术条件下的一种新型地图图种,其核心是地理信息的屏幕可视化表达.多媒体电子地图将多媒体技术与电子地图结合起来,丰富了电子地图的内容.本文主要介绍了多媒体电子地图的数据构成及其可视化表达方法,并在南京多媒体电子地图试验系统中进行了初步的应用.     

城市多媒体电子地图系统探讨

为及时反映城市信息的多媒体电子地图融合了数字制图技术、GIS技术、多媒体技术等多种高科技手段,为政府部门、公司企业、社会公众构建了一套便捷的、可视化的空间信息服务平台。介绍了多媒体电子地图的一些特点和重要性,并对多媒体电子地图的制作方法和设计理念等方面进行了探讨。     

城市空间三维地图及其在智慧城市中的应用

对城市空间三维地图相关的关键技术进行了系统梳理,结合深圳市拟建设的"数字政府"基础时空平台——"深圳市可视化城市空间数字平台"开展实例研究。结果表明,从二维地图可视化提升到城市空间的三维地图可视化,需要从现有的空间数据模型、数据组织与调度逻辑、地图可视化表达方法等方面开展研究,形成城市级的三维数据可视化表达核心框架,满足各类城市应用可视化渲染与仿真需求。     

多媒体电子地图集中的信息组织策略

空间信息的组织是电子地图集设计中最重要的部分,根据电子地图集表达的不同主题、时间、空间或功能的信息内容,将一般多媒体产品的信息组织策略与多媒体电子地图集的具体特点相结合,分别进行了探讨,并针对多媒体电子地图集的信息组织需求给出了一个集成模型。     

无缝空间数据库中虚拟图幅的设计

无缝空间数据库中空间数据的组织和管理一直是GIS技术发展过程中的一个瓶颈。本文在分析现有空间数据的组织、管理方法的基础上提出虚拟图幅的概念,并详细介绍了基于此对空间数据的组织方法。希望通过对这种方法的分析和研究来实现海量数据更加有效的管理和使用。     

移动GIS中可视化技术研究

针对移动设备硬件特点,提出移动GIS中3D可视化简化模型,并设计简化的三维投影变换算法,描述根据已有的2D矢量数据创建3D地图的过程。接着针对移动设备有限的软硬件资源条件,提出了空间数据组织和处理原则。为了逼真地展现地理场景的立体视觉效果,给出了3D可视化预处理措施,并采取了必要的3D场景增强技术,以较少的时间和空间代价,完成3D变换。最后,通过实验,在移动G IS系统中实施了基于2D矢量空间数据的3D可视化技术,生成直观、逼真、实时的3D地图,同时给出了实验测试数据。     

多媒体电子地图集演示系统的设计与实现

本文分析了多媒体电子地图相对纸质地图的优点以及电于地图的三种开发方式,并在此基础上,设计了多媒体电子地图集演示系统的开发思路,并利用编程语言VC++6.0,具体编程实现了多媒体电子地图集演示系统。多媒体电子地图集演示系统是通过制作工具提供的更换数据功能,即可实现不同用途的多媒体电子地图集的可视。这就将用户从程序开发中解放出来,把重点投入到数据的准备上,从而节约了多媒体电子地图集的制作时间,提高了多媒体电子地图集的开发效率。     

警用电子地图基础平台的设计与研究

警用电子地图基础平台是利用空间地理信息技术,以电子地图为基础,以公安宽带网络为依托,实现公安基础信息基于空间电子地图的可视化查询和分析,为公安业务提供行之有效的管理手段。