天麻钩藤饮加减治疗肝阳上亢型原发性高血压病30例

目的：观察天麻钩藤饮加减治疗肝阳上亢型原发性高血压病的临床疗效。方法：将60例肝阳上亢型原发性高血压病患者随机分为2组。对照组30例口服拉西地平治疗,治疗组30例在对照组治疗基础上加天麻钩藤饮加减治疗。结果：总有效率治疗组为96.67%,对照组为83.33%,2组比较,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。2组血压治疗前后组内比较及治疗后组间比较,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。2组不良反应发生率比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论：天麻钩藤饮加减治疗原发性高血压病有较好的临床疗效。     

循经督刺联合天麻钩藤饮加减治疗抽动秽语综合征30例

目的：观察循经督刺联合天麻钩藤饮加减治疗抽动秽语综合征的临床疗效。方法：将60例抽动秽语综合征患儿采用随机数字表法分为治疗组和对照组,每组各30例。治疗组采用循经督刺联合服用天麻钩藤饮加减治疗,对照组采用口服盐酸硫必利治疗。治疗4周后,比较2组治疗前后耶鲁抽动严重程度量表（YGTSS）评分、血清多巴胺（DA）和5-羟色胺（5-HT）以及不良反应,并评定疗效。结果：总有效率治疗组为93.33%（28/30）,对照组为66.67%（20/30）,2组比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。2组YGTSS评分均减少,血清DA、5-HT水平均降低,且治疗组下降幅度大于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。不良反应发生率治疗组为10.00%（3/30）,对照组为60.00%（18/30）,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论：循经督刺联合天麻钩藤饮加减治疗抽动秽语综合征疗效显著,可有效改善抽动症状,调节神经递质水平,减少不良反应发生。     

天麻钩藤饮对肾性高血压动物模型的作用机制探讨

目的：探讨中药复方天麻钩藤饮治疗肾性高血压动物模型的疗效及可能的作用机制。方法：选取造模成功的肾性高血压SD大鼠24只,将其随机分为模型组、中药组、西药组,每组各8只,另以正常同周龄的SD大鼠作为空白组。中药组予中药复方天麻钩藤饮灌服,西药组予雷米普利灌服,空白组和模型组灌服同体积的纯净水,共干预4周。分别于手术前后、给药后每周测定尾动脉血压,于给药4周后检测血清血管紧张素Ⅱ（AngⅡ）、醛固酮（ALD）水平,主动脉、血管紧张素Ⅱ 1型受体（AT1R）、血管紧张素转化酶（ACE）、内皮型一氧化氮合酶（eNOS）、内皮素（ET）的mRNA相对表达量,动脉B细胞淋巴瘤因子-2相关X蛋白（Bax）、含半胱氨酸的天冬氨酸蛋白水解酶-3（Caspase-3）蛋白表达量。结果：与空白组比较,其余3组在结扎肾动脉手术后收缩压均明显升高,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.01）,说明动物模型分配合理。给药后中药组、西药组的收缩压每周均明显降低,与模型组比较,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.01）。给药4周后,与空白组比较,模型组大鼠的AngⅡ、ALD水平明显升高,AT1R、ACE、ET的mRNA相对表达量明显上调,eNOS的mRNA相对表达量明显下调,Bax、Caspase-3蛋白表达量量显著增加,差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.01）。与模型组比较,中药组、西药组大鼠的AngⅡ、ALD水平明显降低,ACE、ET的mRNA相对表达量明显下调,eNOS mRNA相对表达量上调,Bax蛋白表达量降低,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.01）;中药组AT1R的mRNA相对表达量、Caspase-3蛋白表达与模型组比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）。结论：天麻钩藤饮能通过调控肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统（RAAS）和内皮素-一氧化氮系统（ET-NO）降低血压,同时也可抑制血管内皮细胞的凋亡,缓解血管重构的病理进程。     

基于数据挖掘分析于志强治疗高血压病的用药规律

目的：基于古今医案云平台分析于志强教授治疗高血压病的用药规律,总结其临证经验及用药特色。方法：收集2017年9月至2019年9月于教授临床治疗高血压病的医案,将有效方剂录入古今医案云平台（V2.2.1）,分析其所用药物性味归经分布、功效频次、用药频次,并进一步进行药物关联分析、聚类及复杂网络药物组方分析。结果：共纳入病例370 例,录入有效方剂455 首。药性以平、寒、温为主,药味以甘、苦、辛为多,归经以肝、肺、脾经为主。药物功效分类以平抑肝阳、明目、燥湿化痰、祛风通络为主。中药使用频次以天麻、钩藤、炙甘草、夏枯草等为多。关联规则显示钩藤-天麻、夏枯草-天麻等关联度最高,菊花-天麻、菊花-钩藤等组合应用最频繁。聚类分析得出3个核心聚类群。复杂网络分析得出核心处方。结论：于教授临证治疗高血压病多从肝论治,病机为肝风肝火痰浊瘀血上扰清窍,治疗喜用平肝风、清肝火、健脾化痰、活血祛瘀等法。     

天麻钩藤饮治疗良性阵发性位置性眩晕手法复位后残留症状46 例临床观察

目的：观察天麻钩藤饮治疗良性阵发性位置性眩晕（BPPV）手法复位后残留症状的临床疗效。方法：将92 例BPPV经手法复位后有残留症状的患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组各46 例。治疗组采用天麻钩藤饮治疗,对照组采用甲磺酸倍他司汀片治疗。治疗30 d后评估2组临床疗效及治疗前后头晕残障问卷（DHI）评分。结果：总有效率治疗组为95.65%（44/46）,对照组为69.57%（32/46）,2组比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。2组DHI评分治疗前后组内比较及治疗后组间比较,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论：天麻钩藤饮治疗BPPV手法复位后残留症状的疗效优于甲磺酸倍他司汀片,值得临床推广。     

基于CiteSpace对天麻钩藤饮的可视化分析

目的:基于CiteSpace分析天麻钩藤饮的研究现状、热点及发展趋势。方法：检索中国知网（CNKI）、万方数据（WANFANG DATA）、维普中文科技期刊数据库（VIP）以及中国生物医学文献服务系统（SinoMed）中自建库至2022年12月31日与天麻钩藤饮相关的文献。采用NoteExpress合并去重,运用CiteSpace 6.2.R3软件进行作者共现、机构合作、关键词的文献计量学分析。结果：共纳入1829篇文献,发文量整体呈上升趋势;发文期刊最多的为《内蒙古中医药》;发文量最多的作者为冼绍祥;发文量最多的机构为中南大学湘雅医院;出现频数及中介中心性均较高的关键词为眩晕、肝阳上亢、头痛、临床疗效、中风。结论：临床应用与辨证施治是目前天麻钩藤饮的主要研究热点,未来可深度挖掘天麻钩藤饮对帕金森病、癫痫等神经系统疾病的机制研究,并联合多团队开展大样本、高质量的临床疗效研究,为临床更好应用天麻钩藤饮提供理论依据。     

天麻钩藤饮研究现状的CiteSpace文献计量学分析

目的：对天麻钩藤饮的研究现状和发展趋势进行知识图谱分析。方法：以中国知网（CNKI）数据库2000年1月1日至2022年12月30日收录的天麻钩藤饮相关文献作为研究对象,运用CiteSpace 6.1.R6软件对内容进行文献计量学分析,并结合关键内容提取重点,对天麻钩藤饮的发展趋势进行图谱展示,发现其研究热点和前沿。结果：总收录文献1499篇,年发文量呈波动涨幅趋势,作者合作网络纳入了682位作者,其中以冼绍祥等为代表。纳入的关键词图谱共计495个,主要研究机构为河南中医药大学及其附属机构,联系较为密切。结论：目前天麻钩藤饮的研究热点主要为治疗脑梗死、帕金森病的临床疗效,为该方的进一步研究提供了思路。     

天麻钩藤饮治疗肝阳上亢型偏头痛疗效的Meta分析

目的：全面系统地评价天麻钩藤饮治疗肝阳上亢型偏头痛的临床疗效。方法：利用计算机检索自建库至2019年6月中国知网（CNKI）、维普中文科技期刊数据库（VIP）、万方数据（WANFANG DATA）、PubMed数据库中关于天麻钩藤饮治疗肝阳上亢型偏头痛的随机对照试验（RCTs),由2名研究人员按照文献纳入与排除标准分别独立进行文献筛选、数据提取及质量评价,采用Cochrane协作网提供的RevMan 5.0.3软件进行Meta分析。结果：共纳入12篇文献,1373 例患者。Meta分析显示纳入研究间无明显统计学异质性（P=0.82,P>0.05,I=0%）。治疗组与对照组总有效率比较,差异有统计学意义［OR=4.23,95%CI（3.04,5.87）,P＜0.00001］。结论：本研究Meta分析结果提示天麻钩藤饮治疗肝阳上亢型偏头痛效果确切。     

清瘟败毒饮对脓毒症大鼠炎症反应和脏器损伤的影响

目的：观察清瘟败毒饮对脓毒症大鼠炎症反应和脏器损伤的影响。方法：将80只大鼠随机分为模型组、西药组及中药高、低剂量组,每组各20只。采用盲肠结扎穿刺术进行造模。西药组灌胃盐酸小檗碱0.27 mg/kg,中药高剂量组灌胃清瘟败毒饮4.6 g生药/kg,中药低剂量组灌胃清瘟败毒饮2.3 g生药/kg,模型组灌胃等量0.9%氯化钠注射液。1次/d,连续3 d。观察比较各组大鼠进食、活动、皮毛色泽等一般情况,血清肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）、白细胞介素-10（IL-10）、白细胞介素-17A（IL-17A）水平以及大鼠肺脏、肝脏组织病理情况。结果：模型组出现寒战、呼吸加快、活动度降低、皮毛倒立、精神萎靡等情况,中药高、低剂量组大鼠的一般情况优于模型组;与模型组比较,中药高、低剂量组和西药组均可降低血清TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、IL-17A水平（P<0.05）,但中药高、低剂量组与西药组比较,指标差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。中药高、低剂量组肺脏、肝脏组织病理损伤程度较模型组改善。结论：清瘟败毒饮可以抑制脓毒症模型大鼠炎症反应,减轻脏器损伤。     

中药联合针灸治疗前庭性偏头痛共病焦虑抑郁的临床研究

目的：观察天麻钩藤饮合柴胡加龙骨牡蛎汤联合针灸治疗前庭性偏头痛（VM）共病焦虑抑郁患者的临床效果。方法：将VM共病焦虑抑郁患者70 例随机分为2组,每组各35 例。治疗组给予天麻钩藤饮合柴胡加龙骨牡蛎汤联合针灸治疗,对照组给予盐酸氟桂利嗪胶囊口服治疗。治疗4、8周后,观察比较2组眩晕症状评分、发作持续时间、汉密顿焦虑量表（HAMA）、汉密顿抑郁量表（HAMD）评分。结果：2组治疗后眩晕症状评分、发作持续时间均优于治疗前（P＜0.05）;治疗组治疗后HAMD、HAMA评分均优于治疗前（P＜0.05）;且治疗组各项指标改善均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）。结论：针药联合治疗可显著改善VM共病焦虑抑郁患者的眩晕症状和焦虑抑郁状态。     

A theory for waves interacting with porous structures with multiple regions

This study presents an analytical solution for the problem of waves passing a submerged porous structure, using a multi-region method in the solution scheme considering the characteristics of geometry and composing materials of the porous structure. Using the flux and pressure conditions on horizontal boundaries and interfaces, the orthogonal property of wave motion within the porous layers through water depth is derived, and applied in the solution process. The flux and pressure conditions on vertical boundaries and interfaces are integrated to give a set of linear matrix equations, through which the unknown coefficients are solved. Comparisons of the present method with previous studies are preceded in verification, which suggests the validity and practicability of the present study, with a further expectation of extending our work to build a mild-slope equation over multiple-layer porous medium in the future.     

Suction caisson installation in sand with isotropic permeability varying with depth

Suction-induced seepage is pivotal to the installation of caisson foundations in sand. Indeed, the upward pore water flow on the inner side of the caisson wall causes a release of a fraction of soil resistance due to the reduction of the lateral effective stress. A safe caisson installation requires a reliable prediction of soil conditions, especially soil resistance and critical suction for piping. These soil conditions must be predicted for the whole installation process.In this paper, we examine the effect on such prediction of the assumed permeability profile, which is described as a function of depth below the mudline. This study is motivated by the fact that marine sediments generally exhibit a permeability that decreases with depth because of consolidation under gravity. Hence, the question is whether conventional theories based on a constant permeability lead to a conservative prediction of soil conditions or not. Our conclusion is affirmative only regarding piping condition. As for soil resistance, a prediction based on the assumption of a constant permeability is non-conservative. This is due to an overestimated reduction in effective stresses under suction-induced seepage.     

海洋藻类--对付全球变暖的武器?

最近,由欧盟(则资助的研究项目(Parforce)研究人员发现了海洋藻类与气候变化之间的联系。项目研究人员发现,从海洋藻类及浮游生物释放的碘蒸汽,在海面上浓缩,形成对抗地球变暖的悬浮微粒。此悬浮微粒对地球气候变化及降     

肺复方联合顺铂对气阴两虚Lewis肺癌荷瘤小鼠的影响

目的：研究气阴两虚Lewis肺癌荷瘤模型小鼠的行为学特征、饮水量、摄食量、体质量及肺复方对上述指标及脏器指数的影响。方法：取C57BL/6J小鼠40只,将其随机分为空白组8只、造模组32只。造模组灌服热性中药水煎液合并烟熏制备气阴两虚模型（造模第一阶段,共14 d）,于第15天移植Lewis肺癌细胞（造模第二阶段,共14 d）,按性别、体质量分层随机分为模型组、顺铂组、肺复方组及顺铂+肺复方组（联用组）,连续进行药物干预14 d。以造模每阶段及药物干预第1天的体质量、饮水量和摄食量分别作为基础体质量、基础饮水量和基础摄食量。并于固定时间,每2 d记录动物饮水量和摄食量,每3 d记录动物体质量,药物干预结束后处理动物,测量、计算其去瘤体质量和肝、脾及胸腺的脏器指数。结果：造模第一阶段小鼠饮水量和摄食量减少,造模第二阶段小鼠体质量增加,气阴两虚Lewis肺癌荷瘤模型小鼠脾脏和肝脏指数升高,胸腺指数降低（P<0.05或P<0.01）。药物干预后各组小鼠活动量增加,肺复方组饮水量、体质量增加,顺铂组小鼠摄食量、体质量减少,脾脏指数、去瘤体质量降低,联用组小鼠饮水量增加、摄食量减少,脾脏、胸腺指数升高（P<0.05或P<0.01）。结论：气阴两虚Lewis肺癌荷瘤模型小鼠的饮水量和摄食量减少,体质量增加;肺复方可缓解模型动物口干少饮、形体羸瘦等症状,改善顺铂引起的不良反应,增加模型小鼠脾脏和胸腺指数;肺复方干预肺癌的作用机制可能与其增强机体免疫功能有关。     

善待海洋就是善待人类自己

本文介绍了浙江近海生态环境恶化情况，并提出了强化浙江省生态环境保护与建设的对策措施建议。     

Swath bathymetry with GLORIA

For many years, GLORIA has been producing sonar images of the deep ocean floor. In the mid-1980's, the SeaMARC II system came to prominence producing depth values as well as sonar images. The basic method compares the phases of the signals returning from the seafloor to two rows of transducers. The phase differences are converted into angles of arrival and together with the arrival times converted into range and depth values. This capability has now been added to the GLORIA system. The fact that GLORIA uses a 2s FM pulse means the backscattered reverberation can come from a strip of seafloor up to 1.5 km wide. To accommodate this, overlapping complex FFT's are used to produce a time-frequency matrix for the returning signals. In this matrix, a constant range feature appears as a diagonal. Phases are then calculated using a least-mean-squares estimate along diagonals. The main source of error and bias is due to surface reflection, and this is taken into account. The GLORIA swath bathymetry system was tested on two cruises and it was possible to produce depth contours with a good level of confidence. The total swath width was over eight water depths and would have been greater with a more favorable velocity profile. Comparison with other bathymetry data (such as multibeam systems) showed excellent correlation, having a standard deviation of only 4% of total water depth     

太阳能海水淡化技术

文章论述应用太阳能集热和太阳能光伏发电系统进行蒸馏淡化和膜法淡化的海水淡化方法。与传统动力源和热源相比 ,太阳能具有安全、环保等优点 ,将太阳能采集与脱盐工艺两个系统结合是一种可持续发展的海水淡化技术     

Norway's experience with ITQs

This paper discusses the development of ITQs in Norway. Even if some would deny that anything such exists, fisheries management in Norway has some unmistakable characteristics of an ITQ system. Both boatowners and policy makers have discovered the attractions of transferable quotas, the former as a means to increase their private profits, the latter as a vehicle to reduce fleet overcapacity. The slow evolution of transferability is mainly the result of ideological opposition and opposition to structural changes, the latter involving falling number of fishermen, changes in location of the fishing industry, and changed composition of the fishing fleet. The development of this system in the purse seine fleet and the fleet fishing for cod and similar species is traced. Then the concept of resource rent is discussed, as well as how it has become capitalized in quota values, which show up as a rise in value of long term assets of the fishing industry.     

Position measurements with radiosondes

The use of Omega sondes, designed for the determination of upper air wind vectors, for relative position measurements on the ground is described. The technique shows promise in measuring the deformation of sea ice, the motion of oceanic surface water, and the trajectories of constant-level balloons. The sondes need not be recollected, are inexpensive, and can be built up to large arrays. The accuracy can be as high as ±30 m within a radius of about 30 km from the observing point. The computation is based on noise suppression of the signal retransmitted from the sondes