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关于当前我国城市地质研究的认识 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
进入21世纪,保护和合理利用资源环境已成为我国的一个重大战略问题。城市地质以调查研究和解决与城市建设及发展有关的各种资源、环境等地质问题为其基本任务。随时代发展和国家需要,它的侧重点也有所不同。当前我国处于城市化高速发展的历史阶段,城市地质主要任务更是要强调环境问题,即城市地质着重解决城市环境岩土工程和地质灾害问题,或者说是解决城市安全特别是城市土工安全问题,为城市防灾减灾与城市生态建设和城市可持续发展服务。 相似文献
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为了保证北京城市可持续发展,必须解决可持续发展面临的特殊挑战,有必要进行非正常情况下北京城市地质安全危机管理的战略思考。本文探讨了我市非正常情况下城市地质安全危机管理战略框架,建议制定《非正常情况下城市地质安全危机管理应急预案》和实行定期会商机制,建立完善的监测预警预报系统,实施城市地质安全保障工程,促进首都经济建设和社会可持续发展。 相似文献
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山东省济宁城市应急供水水源地研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
近年来,随着城市人口的不断增加和城市工业经济的快速发展,对水资源的需求量日益递增,供水问题更为严峻。开展济宁城市应急供水水源地研究对于提高城市在特枯年或连续干旱年及污染事件突发时的供水能力和饮用水安全保证程度,构建城市水资源战略储备体系,保障城市供水安全具有重要现实意义。 相似文献
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本文通过分析城市地质工作的现状,结合重庆山地城市独有的特征,提出了现有城市地质工作存在的主要问题,并结合城市发展需求,从景观资源、地质资源及地质环境安全保障等方面出发,明确城市地质工作的四大服务对象分别为城市规划建设、防灾减灾、生态环境保护和智慧城市建设,并提出了九大工作方向,创新了城市地质服务模式,可提升城市地质工作的支撑服务能力。 相似文献
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城市河道关系着防洪及生态环境安全。以城市河道整治为入手点,依据城市上、下游河流段开发情况,对某地城市河道治理、已有河道整治项目及河势变化进行调查分析,基于城市河道整治现状及景观建设优势,设定城市河道整治规划,并依据城市河道景观设计需求,对城市河道整治与景观生态融合设计进行了进一步探究。全面提升城市河道水网生态面貌及防洪排涝能力,为区域水系建设及现代化城市建设提供充足的保障。 相似文献
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城市地质工作,已成为未来地质工作的重要方面。然而,近年来城市地质问题越来越多。亟需城市地质学理论创新。本文创新了城市地质学理论,提出城市地质工作理念发展之路,谋划了未来10~15年北京城市地质工作,探讨了非正常情况下城市地质安全危机管理战略。北京城市地质工作应努力实现从问题推动型向理念发展型转变,在调查型地质工作基础上广泛开展监测型和信息服务型地质工作。重点做好正常型城市地质工作,严防非正常型城市地质安全危机事件发生。进一步提升战略资源和地质环境承载能力,为北京城市可持续发展提供地质保障。 相似文献
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我国城市地下空间安全问题探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
随着我国城市地下空间大规模开发利用,地下空间施工、运营和管理过程中的安全事故不断发生,严重影响了城市的安全发展。本文总结了我国城市地下空间安全现状和不同地下空间设施类型的安全事故类型及产生原因,对地下空间施工、运营和管理中的安全问题进行了分析,重点分析了不同施工工艺诱发的各类地质灾害,不同类型的地质环境因素诱发的工程事故,地下空间运营期间结构老化、外部地质环境变化引起的安全问题,地下空间管理不到位导致的安全事故,并提出从管理和技术层面、监管层面、法律层面等多维度的防治建议,即:需要完善地下空间管理技术体系,建立完整的行政管理机构,健全城市地下空间法律法规。 相似文献
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深入研究了河南省南阳市城市地下水系统,分析了现状地下水监测工作存在的问题,全面系统、经济合理、科学地设计了南阳市城市地下水监测体系,加强对城区段白河水文要素的监测,满足监控地下水资源质和量的变化及研究需要,为合理开发利用和保护地下水资源,保障城市饮水安全服务. 相似文献
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CSAMT 法在辽西康杖子区深部探矿中的应用 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
可控源音频大地电磁法(CSAMT)具有探测深度大、横向分辨率高、抗干扰能力强的特点,在深部找矿勘探中有着重要的指导意义。肖家营子铜钼矿床是辽西地区一个大型矽卡岩型金属矿床,大部分矿体是隐伏矿体,矿区外围的康杖子区与本区有相似的成矿地质环境,成矿地质条件优越.矿体与围岩电性差异明显,通过应用CSAMT,矿体具有低电阻特点,根据成果推断解释,对深部有利成矿部位进行了钻探验证,取得了理想的探矿效果,在矿区外围取得第二深度空间找矿重大突破。 相似文献
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Takeshi Nose Dr. 《GeoJournal》1985,10(3):261-276
Conclusions During the last ten years, aquaculture, especially mariculture has undergone remarkable expansion to counter-balance the gap between the supply and demand of fishery products in Japan. Its expansion has also been supported by the traditional preference of the Japanese people for seafood. Mariculture is now being forced to change its structure due to adverse economic circumstances such as the rise in the cost of energy, feeds and other materials for culture, low market prices, deterioration of environmental conditions, and many other factors. Before these constraints can be resolved, advanced scientific knowledge and technologies must be integrated to develop new types of aquaculture. Expansion of maricultural activities to more open-sea and off shore areas would be one route to follow. Technologies for the development of formulated diets not only for young but also for adults and larvae, establishment of feeding standards, prevention of epizootic diseases must support the establishment of modern aquaculture.The culture-based fisheries, or marine ranching, is becoming a subject for further development in Japan. Much research work has been conducted with a great degree of governmental support. Establishment of a net work of seedstock production farms has made it possible to carry out releasing experiments on a large scale. A newly integrated restoration system could be developed on the basis of these experiments, even though the profits resulting from the artificial restoration of stocks is not thouroughly verified at present. The commencement of a national scheme for culture-based fisheries would be a manifestation of the enthusiasm of the Japanese fish industry. 相似文献
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Julie Okpala 《GeoJournal》1990,20(1):37-43
This paper traces the development of geographic education in Nigeria and examines the views of geographers, other academics,
students and the public at large about the importance of geography. Geography's value is immense despite the non-professional
nature of the discipline. Nevertheless, there is a need to define geography's status and ensure career prospects for students.
The Nigerian Geographical Association (from classroom teaachers to top geographers) must promote geography, improve its status
in schools and universities, and continuously restructure its content and methods to address pertinent social needs. 相似文献
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Trends in landslide occurrence in Nepal 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
David N. Petley Gareth J. Hearn Andrew Hart Nicholas J. Rosser Stuart A. Dunning Katie Oven Wishart A. Mitchell 《Natural Hazards》2007,43(1):23-44
Nepal is a mountainous, less developed kingdom that straddles the boundary between the Indian and Himalayan tectonic plates.
In Nepal, landslides represent a major constraint on development, causing high levels of economic loss and substantial numbers
of fatalities each year. There is a general consensus that the impacts of landslides in countries such as Nepal are increasing
with time, but until now there has been little or no quantitative data to support this view, or to explain the causes of the
increases. In this paper, a database of landslide fatalities in Nepal has been compiled and analysed for the period 1978–2005.
The database suggests that there is a high level of variability in the occurrence of landslides from year to year, but that
the overall trend is upward. Analyses of the trends in the data suggest that there is a cyclicity in the occurrence of landslide
fatalities that strongly mirrors the cyclicity observed in the SW (summer) monsoon in South Asia. Perhaps surprisingly the
relationship is inverse, but this is explained through an inverse relationship between monsoon strength and the amount of
precipitation in the Hill District areas of Nepal. It is also clear that in recent years the number of fatalities has increased
dramatically over and above the effects of the monsoon cycle. Three explanations are explored for this: land-use change, the
effects of the ongoing civil war in Nepal, and road building. It is concluded that a major component of the generally upward
trend in landslide impact probably results from the rural road-building programme, and its attendant changes to physical and
natural systems. 相似文献
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2010年,美国铀矿总共施工7 209个钻孔,总进尺1 493 520 m;生产铀1 628.55 t;铀矿业总支出费用为2.773亿美元,其中铀矿地勘费支出为3 450万美元,占铀矿业总费用的12.44%。铀矿地勘钻探费用为4 460万美元,占铀矿业总费用的16.08%。 相似文献
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硫代砷是富硫化物地下水中砷的重要形态,对环境和人类健康有潜在威胁。目前硫代砷研究程度尚低,本次主要针对国内外地下水(地热水)中硫代砷的存在形态,水文—生物—环境地球化学过程,样品保存,定量检测方法等方面进行研究。结论如下:pH, 氧化还原电位,硫化物含量和微生物作用等是影响地下水中硫代砷稳定存在和形态分布的重要因素。含铁矿物能与水中的硫代砷形成配位键对其进行吸附,吸附性普遍弱于(亚)砷酸盐,因此,地下水中硫代砷可能表现出更强的迁移性。用于硫代砷检测的自然水样在采集中可采取过滤,速冻,厌氧和低温短期保存的操作流程,以减缓该形态的转化甚至消失。色谱联用ICP-MS系统可用于自然水样中硫代砷的分离定量检测,紫外—可见分光光度法和X射线吸收光谱法在不同场景下也可对硫代砷进行定量和表征分析。地热水和浅层地下水中均可能存在硫代砷,由于水样中硫代砷的不稳定性,室内检测和分析难以准确反映现场过程,因此,野外样品保存技术和现场检测方法的更新可能在未来有更大研究空间,值得进一步探索。 相似文献
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