日食与厄尔尼诺、拉尼娜现象

由资料分析出厄尔尼诺、拉尼娜现象是由日食形成的受迫振荡，以日食形成的有效位能说明日食改变大气环流，从而形成厄尔尼诺、拉尼娜的机制。     

受迫Liénard方程周期解的存在性

对于受迫Liénard方程,利用Sobolev空间范数,给出了周期解的估计,进而利用变分原理、Schauder不动点定理,证明了周期解的存在性。     

受迫Liénard方程周期解的存在性

对于受迫Liénard方程,利用Sobolev空间范数,给出了周期解的估计,进而利用变分原理、Schauder不动点定理,证明了周期解的存在性。     

受迫广义Ｋｌｅｉｎ Ｇｏｒｄｏｎ方程的孤子近似解

利用同伦映射方法和理论讨论了一类受迫广义非线性Ｋｌｅｉｎ Ｇｏｒｄｏｎ方程,在适当的条件下,较简捷地得到孤波的任意次精度的近似解．     

平流层与中间层动力气象学

此书是美国气象学会气象丛书第十五卷,华盛顿大学大气科学系教授J·R·霍尔顿(Holton)著,1975年8月波土顿出版。内容有探测基础、动力模式的发展、平流层和中间层的斜压不稳定、受迫波动和波—带流动的相互作用以及平流层与中间层大气环流数值模式的建立。     

边界层风温场的数值研究

利用改进的边界层模式,对平坦地形条件下的非定常边界层风温场进行了数值模拟。着重考察了边界层风温场结构受迫于地面温度变化而伴随的时间变化问题,通过对各种不同型式的初始风场在不同的初始温度层结下,风温场时空演变过程的数值计算,揭示边界层风温场日变化的物理机制、相互联系,以及不同型式的初始风温场对夜间急流的影响。     

月赤纬变化对广西天气的影响初探

一、引言 月球运动能否对天气产生影响,既是一个古老的问题,也是一个尚在不断探讨中的新问题。从直观上看,月球引潮力变化可对地球产生多方面影响,如自转轴的受迫章动,海洋与地壳的潮夕以及由潮夕摩擦而引起的自转速度减慢和深部质量迁移等。某些研究还表明,月球还对地磁活动产生影响。总之,从整体到局部,从深部到浅     

重庆之气候

丁丑之夏,暴日进寇,发於芦沟桥畔,祸及於凇沪之滨。中大位居首都,京沪相去匪远,敌机肆虐,频频来袭,大会堂,图书馆先後受炸,女生宿舍,全部遭焚,迁渝设教之议,势迫实行。双十节後,予发自乡井,十七日抵汉皋,二十一日换舟西上,三十日而达渝州。二十九日之夜,船泊木洞镇旁,同船师生爰有同乐会之举,     

大气中定常行星波的Eliassen-Palm通量与波折射指数的关系

本文研究了β平面近似下波作用量守恒,得到波作用通量——Eliaaen-Palm通量的一般形式.本文还利用WKBJ方法求得球面大气中定常行星波的Eliassen-Palm通量与波折射指数的关系. 本文还用一个准地转34层球坐标模式计算了冬季北半球地形与定常热源强迫所产生的定常行星波的Eliassen-Palm通量,证明了冬季受迫定常行星波在垂直及侧向传播中存在着两支波导,从而证明了理论上所得到的关系.     

12·26感怀(五律)

鸣鹊绿湖边,沐松风雨威.北方寒气迫,大地暖流迴.雪冰凝梅俏,妖雾著日辉.华夏彩虹舞,巨人诞庆杯.     

有速度切变时,Lorenz系统中浑沌的特点

Lorenz方程中引进切变以后,对普朗特数为0.7的大气可以出现浑沌。 速度切变在一定情况下起阻尼作用,有切变时比无切变时湍流发生的临界莱雷数要高。 浑沌是一种非周期的现象,它在相空间中的轨迹是混乱的。 通向湍流的道路有很多种。切变较小时为普通湍流形态;切变较大时是间歇湍流形态;切变适中时为短暂层流状态。 有速度切变时的浑沌对大气湍流的研究有很大的实际意义。     

NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF THE TROPICAL INTRASEASONAL OSCILLATION AND THE EFFECT OF WARM SST

An atmospheric general circulation model is used in a series of three experiments to simulate the intraseasonaloscillation in the tropical atmosphere.Analyses of the model daily data show that various physical variables,from sever-al different regions,exhibit fluctuations with a spectral peak between 30 and 60 days.This represents a 30—60 dayoscillation in the tropical atmosphere and possesses several features which are consistent with observations.These in-clude a horizontal structure dominated by zonal wavenumber 1 and a vertical structure which is predominantlybaroclinic.The effect of warm SST (sea surface temperature) anomalies on the 30—60 day oscillation in the tropical atmos-phere is also simulated by prescribing global SST as observed in 1983.This has the effect of weakening the oscillationwhile at the same time the vertical structure becomes less baroclinic.The importance of cumulus convection to the propagational characteristics of this oscillation is demonstrated by acomparison of results based on different parameterizations for convection.In one case,where the maximum convectionover the Pacific is simulated to be too far east,the simulated 30—60 day oscillation shows evidence of westward propa-gation.In the second case,where the convection maximum is located near the observed position in the western Pacific,there is more clearly evidence of eastward propagation.Both results suggest that the location of maximum convection in the Pacific can have an important influence on thestrength,structure and propagation of the 30—60 day oscillation.     

小尺度对流的发展和环境间相互作用的一个近似分析

本文应用一个近似的模式,分析了大气中小尺度对流发展时和环境(平均运动)间的非线性相互作用。分析结果指出,对流除在不稳定和中性稳定层结条件下可以发展外,在稳定层结条件下也可以得到发展,并且扰动的振幅最后均趋于有限值。同时,由于扰动的发展,大气的平均状态也要发生改变,不论开始时大气的层结如何,最后均趋向于中性,而大气的平均风速最后一般都要减小。     

两类大气热机对大气环流型影响的数值试验

本文使用简化全球大气环流模式,研究大气环流型季节特征的成因问题。模拟了两类不同热机在大地形强迫背景下形成的环流型的异同之处,分析了两类热机对大气环流型季节特征的影响程度及其形成机理,从而得到关于大气环流型成因的较为直观、清晰的物理图象。      

A DIAGNOSTIC STUDY OF THE TELECONNECTION ASSOCIATED WITH THE WARM POOL OF THE WESTERN PACIFIC AND ASIAN MONSOON DURING EL NINO AND NON-EL NINO YEARS

Based on the monthly mean OLR, geopotential height and wind data from the NCEP/NCAR reanalyzed data sets for 1982-1996, the atmospheric teleconnection associated with the warm pool of the tropical western Pacific and Asian monsoon region during E1 Nino and non-El Niño years are studied diagnostically in this paper. It is found that, the teleconnection pattern caused by the activity of the Asian summer monsoon (ASM) emanates from the Asian monsoon region to the tropical eastern Pacific via the Aleutians in summer of the El Niño years. In the non-El Niño years, however, the ASM-related teleconnection pattern stretches northward and westward from the Asian monsoon region, exerting its influences mainly on the circulation over middle and high latitude rather than that over the tropical eastern Pacific. Evidences also show that the anomalous convection over the tropical western Pacific warm pool leads to the East Asia/Pacific(EAP) teleconnection pattern during the non-El Niño years. It is interesting to note that the teleconnection in the 500 height field associated with the warm pool convection disappears in the El Niño years. The differences of the teleconnection pattern between the El Niño years and the non-El Niño years suggest that the activities of the ASM and the convection over the warm pool of the tropical western Pacific, the most energetic weather events in boreal summer, are intertwined and interactive with other global-scale circulation in different ways under different climate backgrounds.     

HEIFE绿洲和沙漠地区大气边界层湍流混沌特性研究

利用“黑河实验”期间张掖、沙漠观测站加强观测期间１９９１年６月２０日０９：００至１９９１年１０月２日０９：００时段内水平风速的观测资料,计算分析了有关测量混沌的特征量：关联维数。Ｌｙａｐｕｎｏｖ指数和Ｋｏｌｍｏｇｏｒｏｗ熵。     

地基微波辐射计观测资料在一次雷电潜势预报中的应用分析

在利用对流参数建立湖北省雷电潜势预报的基础上,重点研究地基微波辐射计资料在改进雷电潜势预报中的应用价值,继而修正对流参数及其阈值区间,由此建立一种可通过后续参数订正实现的雷电短期潜势预报方法。首先对2013年4月29日一次西南涡东移造成的雷电过程中地基微波辐射计资料的可靠性进行了分析,继而通过比较基于单一数值模式和微波辐射计资料计算的不稳定参数与雷电活动的相关性后发现,85%以上的雷电样本活跃在K指数≥33 ℃、T_850-500≥23 ℃、A指数≥10 ℃和ΔT_d850≤3 ℃等指数范围内,而微波辐射计资料计算的6个不稳定指数显示,与雷电密集区对应的指数中,和雷电相关性较高的K指数、T_850-500、A指数分别为35 ℃、25 ℃和12 ℃,使用两种阈值分别对雷电潜势预报方程中的预报因子进行0,1化。个例检验效果表明地基微波辐射计在改进雷电潜势预报落区和概率方面有一定参考作用。      

纬圈平均大气运动特征的振动

本文考虑高度非线性的大气中期运动是一种准涡旋运动,引用了准涡旋观点和方法来处理二维无辐散和三维运动方程,即在开始时保留涡旋项,而在对方程进行纬圈平均后,去掉一些涡旋项,得到了某些大气运动特征如西风指数、纬向动量和涡度的经向输送的纬圈平均值等的变化或摆动的振动方程,并求出谐波解。振动周期决定于经向动能二倍的纬圈平均值的平方根(v~2)~(1/2)。基本周期约二十天左右。 所得结果可能对极端复杂的大气运动总有出现中期振动的趋势和精致设计的圆盘模拟实验出现摆动的事实,提供某种程度的动力学解释,同时也可能对中期预报的实践提供一些依据。 本文的主要科学目的,是想指出对极端复杂的大气中期过程还是可能用线性理论来研究其某些特征的。     

A CLIMATOLOGY OF DEEP CONVECTION OVER SOUTH CHINA AND THE ADJACENT WATERS DURING SUMMER

Due to the higher temporal and spatial resolution and the better integrality of long-term satellite infrared(IR) Brightness Temperature(TBB) data,a climatology of deep convection during summer over South China and the adjacent waters is presented in this paper based on the 1-hourly infrared IR TBB data during June-August of 1996-2007(except 2004).The results show that the geographic distribution of deep convection denoted by TBB ≤-52℃ over South China and the adjacent waters are basically consistent with previous statistical results based on surface thunderstorm observations and low-orbit satellite lightning observations.The monthly,ten-day,five-day and diurnal variations of deep convection in this region are focused on in this paper.There are 5 active deep-convection areas in June-August.The monthly variations of the deep convection are closely associated with the large-scale atmospheric circulations.The deep convection over the land areas of South China is more active in June while that over the South China Sea is more active in July and August.The development of deep convection is prominently intermittent and its period is about 3 to 5 five-day periods.However,the deep convection over the coastal areas in South China remains more active during summer and has no apparent intermittence.The ten-day and five-day variations of deep convection show that there are different variations of deep convection over different areas in South China and the adjacent waters.The tendency of deep convection over the land areas of South China is negatively correlated with that over the South China Sea.The diurnal variations of deep convection show that the sea-land breeze,caused by the thermal differences between land and sea,and the mountain-valley breeze,caused by the thermal differences between mountains and plains or basins,cause deep convection to propagate from sea to land in the afternoon and from land to sea after midnight,and the convection over mountains propagates from mountains to plains after midnight.The different diurnal variations of deep convection over different underlying surfaces show that not only there are general mountainous,marine and multi-peak deep convection,but also there is longer-duration deep convection over coastal areas and other deep convection triggered and maintained by larger-scale weather systems in South China during summer.