基于MapX的电子地图的制作

随着地理信息系统(GIS)的发展与完善,它的设计开发工具也日臻成熟,MapInfo公司顺应这一发展潮流,开发了一种地图控件——MapX,能实现MapInfo的绝大部分功能。主要论述了MapX的特征,以及用相关的计算机语言和多媒体技术提供一种高效的、脱离一般平台的电子地图的制作方法,并介绍了所制作的电子地图的内容及特点。     

疯狂的天路

羊卓雍错9月的拉萨河畔,杨树渐黄,秋意微凉。我和朋友一行10人分别乘坐两辆越野车,开始了大北线之行。第一个目的地是距拉萨只有一个多小时车程的羊卓雍错（简称“羊湖”）。羊湖是西藏“三大圣湖”之一,细长的湖面在山间曲折蜿蜒,长达130多公里,除非从空中俯瞰,否则根本无法看到她的全貌。我们从曲水县的东嘎穿过雅鲁藏布江大桥,车子沿着山道翻越5000米的冈巴拉山后,隐于群山之间的羊湖突然出现在眼前。刚刚看过滚滚而去的雅鲁藏布江水,此刻面对的羊湖则波平如镜,狭长的湖面如身姿婀娜的仙女,静卧在群山的怀抱中,与白云嬉戏。蓝绸似的湖面纯净得没有一丝杂质,任夏雨冬雪、春暖秋凉的转变,她只借天光云影精心装扮自己的美丽。此刻的我们已分不清是在天上,还是在人间。只是,才相见,便要分离,我们依依不舍的赶往我们第一天的住宿地——日喀则。     

基于AutoCAD的无属性的高程图形数据的处理

在传统的测绘方式中,由于受成图方式和制图软件的限制,一些数字化成果的高程数据没有属性,给数据处理和利用造成了一定的麻烦。介绍了通过利用计算机程序解决这一问题,在实际应用中效果较好。     

基于UML的房产信息系统的设计

随着城市规模的不断扩大,房产管理部门对日益更新和迅速增加的房产信息的管理与维护越来越困难,房产信息系统是一个复杂的系统,而现有的房产信息系统对空间数据与属性数据没有很好集成,不利于图文信息的相互查询、检索和更新等.针对目前存在问题,在房产信息系统设计时,结合统一建模语言(UML,Unified Modeling Language),进行可视化设计.     

基于WebGIS的物业管理信息系统的开发

物业管理软件主要用于小区物业管理公司的业务管理工作,实现计算机网络化管理,从而提高工作效率,提高实施管理的准确性和科学性。随着物业管理范围的不断扩大,现今的物业管理信息系统越来越显得落后,对地理数据的处理更显得力不从心,而网络地理信息技术(WebGIS)恰好可以解决这些问题。本文以WebGIS技术为基础,以SuperMapIS2003为GIS开发软件,阐述了基于.NET架构的物业管理信息系统的设计与实现方法。     

基于Ajax的网络地理信息系统的应用研究

从网络地理信息系统和Ajax的相关技术入手,分析了基于Ajax引擎的Web应用模型和基于Ajax的WebGIS系统架构。Ajax技术与WebGIS结合,能够实现浏览器与地图服务器之间的异步交互,与传统的WebGIS应用相比,减少了冗余,减轻了请求和响应对服务器造成的负荷。文中以SuperMap IS.NET为开发平台,提出了基于Ajax的WebGIS应用开发方法及应用实例。Ajax的引入,使整个WebGIS的性能达到最佳状态,极大地提升了用户的应用体验。     

薪火相传的伟业:塞维利亚的伊西多尔

<正>公元5世纪,随着西罗马帝国的灭亡,西欧进入了"黑暗时期",在战火不绝的动荡岁月中,残存下来的古代文化知识     

珠穆朗玛峰的由来

耸立在我国西南边陲的喜马拉雅山,是地球上最长、最高、最年轻的山脉.它全长2400多千米,南北宽约200多千米,峰峦重迭,犹如凝固的万顷波涛.世界上第一高峰--珠穆朗玛峰,位于我国与尼泊尔交界处,它像一座巨型的金字塔,巍然屹立在白雪皑皑的喜马拉雅山的群峰之上.     

基于云计算的移动地理信息系统的研发

针对目前移动地理信息系统出现的传输效率不高、大型数据处理受限的问题,引入Hadoop云计算平台,构建基于Hadoop云计算平台的移动信息系统,研究提出了系统的工作流程,分析了其与目前移动地理信息系统的区别。通过实验对比证明,基于Hadoop的移动地理信息系统在服务处理上比现有系统有更快的反应时间,能在一定程度上解决存在的传输效率不高、大型数据处理受限的问题,能较好地满足用户对于地理信息服务的实时性的要求。     

基于对应分析的训练样本的选择

本文提出一种基于对应分析的训练样本的选择方法。它从训练样本中自动地选择有代表性的典型训练样本,使得在自动分类中充分利用所采集的样本信息,以便得到满意的分类结果。通过实验与分析证明,该方法是可行的,它明显优于人工随机选择训练样本的方式。与基于Q型因子分析的训练样本选择方法相比,可以更快地得到较少的典型样本,满意的分类精度。     

阿克苏河-塔里木河水系水质污染遥感监测与评价

 采用Landsat TM数据分析了阿克苏河—塔里木河断面水质污染状况,通过波段的DN值和常规监测数据建立能反映水质状况的 污染物监测模型。结果发现,将2000年常规监测数据代入模型后,与遥感数据的结果基本吻合| 重建阿克苏河—塔里木河的连续水体 污染变化曲线,得出污染物浓度随着远离上游而增加。     

Monitoring drought dynamics in the Aravalli region (India) using different indices based on ground and remote sensing data

The hard-rock hilly Aravalli terrain of Rajasthan province of India suffers with frequent drought due to poor and delayed monsoon, abnormally high summer-temperature and insufficient water resources. In the present study, detailed analysis of meteorological and hydrological data of the Aravalli region has been carried out for the years 1984–2003. Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) has been used to quantify the precipitation deficit. Standardised Water-Level Index (SWI) has been developed to assess ground-water recharge-deficit. Vegetative drought indices like Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) and Temperature Condition Index (TCI) and Vegetation Health Index (VHI) have been computed using NDVI values obtained from Global Vegetation Index (GVI) and thermal channel data of NOAA AVHRR satellite. Detailed analyses of spatial and temporal drought dynamics during monsoon and non-monsoon seasons have been carried out through drought index maps generated in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) environment. Analysis and interpretation of these maps reveal that negative SPI anomalies not always correspond to drought. In the Aravalli region, aquifer-stress shifts its position time to time, and in certain pockets it is more frequent. In comparison to hydrological stress, vegetative stress in the Aravalli region is found to be slower to begin but quicker to withdraw.     

使用FME与VBA提取机场方格网高程数据

因受机场工程设计软件的测量数据容量限制,基于LiDAR采集、点云分类后得到的地面点云数据LAS不能完整应用于目前设计软件进行设计计算。本文通过对拟选技术方案的筛选,提出了利用FME Workbench数据处理功能,结合VBA编程获取外部方格网平面数据的方法。该方法在FME Workbench中实现了地面点云数据构建TIN、采用逐点内插方法从TIN中提取方格网高程数据、等高线生成及相应图形处理与成果输出。最终通过实际算例证明了该方法的有效性。     

Landslide risk analysis between Giri and Tons Rivers in Himachal Himalaya (India)

The area around Sataun in the Sirmur district of Himachal Pradesh, India (falling between the rivers Giri and Tons; both tributaries of the Yamuna River) was studied for landslide vulnerability on behalf of the inhabitants. The study was made using extensive remote sensing data (satellite and airborne). It is well supported by field evidence, demographic and infrastructural details and aided by Geographic Information System (GIS) based techniques. Field observations testify that slope, aspect, geology, tectonic planes, drainage, and land use all influence landslides in the region. These parameters were taken into consideration using the statistical approach of landslide hazard zonation. Using the census data of 1991, vulnerability of the populace to the landslide hazard was accessed. As most of the infrastructure in the region is concentrated around population centres, population data alone was used for vulnerability studies.     

Gravity Changes Before Large Earthquakes in China: 1998-2005

Although it is well known that coseismic gravity changes take place during an earthquake, previous research has not yielded convincing evidence demonstrating that significant gravity changes occur before large earthquakes. Furthermore, even if we suspect that gravity changes occur before large earthquakes, we have yet to demonstrate how to consistently observe these changes for useful earthquake forecast that would bring benefits to society. We analyzed ground gravity survey data obtained in 1998, 2000, 200...     

GNSS系统及其技术的发展研究

阐述了国际上卫星导航系统的总体发展,对美、俄、欧、中的四大全球系统,以及相关的区域系统和增强系统进行了简单的介绍,研究分析了GNSS系统及其技术的发展趋势,同时分析了我国Compass全球系统面临的机遇和挑战,并提出了我国未来工作的建议.     

“4D”技术及其应用

介绍“４Ｄ”（即数字地面模型、数字正射影像、数字栅格地图和数字线划地图）系列产品的生产流程、关键技术、及其在耕地保护、防灾减灾救灾和城市规划等方面的应用方法。     

Virtual Australia: its key elements – know,think, communicate

Abstract

Virtual Australia is not a well-defined or agreed concept. This discussion paper conceptualises Virtual Australia as a ‘virtual [digital] model containing and representing all non-trivial objects and their contextual environment – from blue sky to bedrock – in real world Australia’. It describes a scenario for Virtual Australia, one or two decades from now, in which the locations and conditions of non-trivial objects and their environment are updated automatically through a combination of remote sensing and wireless communication technologies in support of a ‘Supranet’. It then examines the concept of the ‘Supranet’ – a pervasive information network based largely on wireless technology linking the physical world to a virtual model in real time – and develops and discusses three principal characteristics of the Supranet: the ability to have or collect specific information (know); the ability to process information (think); and the ability to communicate that information. If, in the near future, any or all non-trivial devices are to some extent able to know, think and communicate, the potential for object autonomy will be realised.     

自动车辆定位导航系统中传感器的误差分析

对国界定位导航系统中几种常见的辅助传感器所产生的误差进行了分析，导出了不同传感器的误差模型。这些误差模型是估计车辆位置的扩展卡尔曼滤波器的基础，同时也为选择适当的传感器提供了理论根据。