中国及邻区地震的天文潮汐触发特征研究—附加潮汐应力对发震断层的作用模式及其应用

本文在潮汐应力、构造应力、地震断层和岩石破裂滑动理论的基础上，建立了潮汐应力对地震断层作用的力学模式，该模式将潮汐应力与地震应力作用相结合，描述了沿地震主压应力和地震主张应务方向的附加潮汐应力对发震断层的力学作用方式，从而切入潮汐应力触发地震的物理机制，认为潮汐对地震的触发作用在实质上归结为潮汐应力对地震断层的促滑作用，这种促滑作用分增压型和减压型。在此模式基础上，对中国大陆及邻区的不同类型地震的潮汐触发性进行了研究，内容包括：计算了中国及邻区一千多个地震震源处沿主压应力P轴和主张应力T轴方向的附加潮汐应力分量，分析了这些量对发震断层的作用方式，按纬度区域统计了受到潮汐应力促滑作用的发震断层类型以及它们与潮汐应力作用方式的关系，得到了如下结论：受到潮汐应力促滑作用的发震断层的比例随区域纬度增加有减小趋势，其中，走滑型断层的比例在低纬区较大，而倾滑斜型断层的比例在中高纬度区较大；对整个统计区域而言，受增压型潮汐应力促滑作用的发震断层数比例大于受减压型潮汐应力促滑作用的发震断层；对不同的纬度区域，不同的潮汐应力作用方式与之促滑的发震断层类型也有不同的分布特征。最后，本文将中国及邻区受到潮汐触发作用的地震按构造应力区域划分，计算了这些地震发震时刻的日月位置参数，得到了各构造区域上具有潮汐触发物理机制的地震发震时的日、月位置参数分布图象。     

山西全新世古地震的基本特征

本文系统地总结了山西省境内多年来发现的全新世古地震的基本特征，并将其分为七大类和若干种。文章对每种古地震遗迹的基本特征进行了描述。     

Experimental Research on Microscopic Indicators of Temperature＇ s Returning-to-Zero in Deformation of Calcite and Discussions of Correlation Problem

In order to determine the degree of returning-to-zero of temperatures of deformed calcite, a series of rock-breaking experiments were designed to test calcite-rich limestone samples under fixed confining pressures and different temperatures. The consolidated deformed samples in their initial state were observed under a microscope and the microscopic indicators in different zero-returning states were put forward, thus providing a microscopic foundation for evaluation of reliability of dating values of deformation in calcite. At last, the correction of dating values of deformation for samples whose temperature has not yet returned to zero is discussed.     

地质环境在城市规划中的作用及其管理模式--以辽宁抚顺市为例

城市是人类工程活动最为集中的、对地质环境作用最为强烈的地方,随着城市的现代化和规模的日益扩展,科学、合理地利用地质环境已成为当代城市经济建设及城市决策所面临的一个不容忽视的重要问题。在以往的城市规划     

华南首次发现断层眉脊带

笔者在湘西北地区进行地震地质考察时,于澧县南约20km的观音庵东侧尺马山一带发现了北东走向的断裂眉脊带,这是首次在华南地区发现断层眉脊带,这将有助于对华南地区活断层与地震断裂的研究。 尺马山(海拔高度132m,下同)与其东北的担良山(151m)及其西南的银珠山(241.6m)构成走向N30～     

Development and Extension of Seawater Desalination by Reverse Osmosis

Seawater desalination has been people‘s fond dream since ancient times,the dream is now becoming a reality.This paper presents a brief development history of reverse osmosis.Much attention was paid to innovative development in mebranes,modules.equipments and applied technology,including asymmetric and composite membranes,spiral-wound element and hollow fiber module,energy recovery equipments and different technological processes.The extension of reverse osmosis,such as desalination,pre-concentration,integrated processes and nanofiltration,is also briefly mentioned.     

盐度对梭鱼卵和初孵仔鱼的作用

This paper deals with the ef ects of salinity on the eggs and newlyhatched larvae of Mugil so-iuy. It was found that all the fertilized eggs were hatched out within the range of salinity 5‰-40‰, and the normal hatching rate was the highest at 35.6%. Moreover, the larvae hatched at salinity 35.6%0 were able to survive within the range of salinity 5.1‰-43.2‰. And the effect of salinity, on the length of the newly-hatched larvae was discussed.