Mantle processes during ocean formation：Petrologic records in peridotites from the Alpine－Apennine ophiolites

Mantle peridotites were early exposed at the sea-floor of the Jurassic Tethys derived from the subcontinental mantle of the Europe-Adria system. During continental rifting and oceanic spreading, these lithospheric peri-dotites were percolated via diffuse reactive porous flowby melt fractions produced by near-fractional melting of the upwelling asthenosphere. Ascending melts inter-acted with the lower lithosphere, dissolving pyroxenes and precipitating olivine, and crystallized at shallower levels in the mantle column causing melt impregnation.Subsequent focused porous flow formed replacive dunitechannels, cutting the impregnated oeridotites, which were conduits for upward migration of MORB-type liq-uids. Melt migration produced depletionlrefertilization and significant heating of the percolatedlimpregnated mantle, i.e the thermochemical erosion of the litho-sphere. Impregnated and thermally modified lithos-pheric mantle was cooled by conductive heat loss dur-ing progressive lithosphere thinning and was intrudeaby MORB magmas, which formed Mg-rich and Fe-richgabbroic dykes and bodies. Alpine-Apennine ophiolitic peridotites record the deep-seated migration of melts which changed their compositions and dynamics during the rift evolution. The thermochemical erosion of the lithospheric mantle by the ascending asthenospheric melts, which induces significant compositional and rhe-ological changes in the lower lithosphere, is a major process in the evolution of the continent-ocean transi-tion towards a slow spreading oceanic system.     

宁远保安地区基性─超基性火山岩基本特征

本文论述了保安地区火山岩的地质、岩石、副矿物、岩石化学、微量元素、稀土元素、稳定同位素、火山岩相及火山机构等特征。并对其演化规律、形成机制与成矿作用的关系，作了初步探讨。     

天津风暴潮灾与形成机制

文章从分析风暴潮的危害入手，探讨了风暴潮灾的形成原因，指出：异常天气系统的出现、天文大潮前后、地理环境因素和人类经济活动四条件相叠加，即会造成破坏性很强的风暴潮灾。针对同暴潮灾形成机制，提出相应的防治对策，以避免灾害的损失。     

台闽北部地区海岸阶地之对比

针对台湾海峡东岸台湾北部的海岸阶地进行调查研究，并与西岸福建东北部的海岸阶地进行分析比较；着重阐述台湾西北部4个海岸区域阶地的特性（阶序、分布、高度、崖差、构成等）及其变动情况（阶地抬升、变窄、延伸等）；通过推断形成年代、测算隆升速率等，探讨研究区域的海岸线变化与构造升降运动，结果发现：台湾岛的海阶变化不仅受到海平面变动的影响，尚受到区域性地壳隆升的控制；福建沿海地区受蓬莱造山运动的影响极小，海岸阶地的形成主要是受到数次海平面变化的影响；福建沿海的隆升速率由北向南逐渐减少，总体上低于海峡东岸台湾岛的隆升率（平均2mm／a）．该研究印证了：相对于台湾岛地区，福建沿海地区的地壳活动相对稳定，其海阶发育可能仅受到海平面变动的影响．’     

1996年我国南方地区异常低温形成原因的分析

1996年春季我国南方地区发生连续三个月的气温显著负距平，最大负距平区均出现在西南地区东部。本文分析了形成持续低温、阴雨的异常环流条件及其可能原因。指出前冬至初春欧亚地区极锋锋区偏南稳定；高纬多阻塞形势；南亚暖空气活跃是其基本环流特征。而前冬至初春欧洲及亚洲西部严寒多雪，青藏高原及南亚次大陆持续偏暖以及极地地区的暖空气稳定控制，是形成上述环流特征的基本原因．     

干旱对关中地区粮食产量的影响

本文从农业需水量与自然降水之配合出发，计算了关中地区6个代表点历年逐月水分盈亏（D）及季的缺水率（K），以K值划分出4个干旱等级，以此对关中地区各代表点作物生育期内水分供需平衡和四季的干旱状况进行了评价。最后分析了干旱对关中地区粮食产量的影响。