“99·4”特强寒潮过程的分析

对“99·4”罕见的寒潮天气过程进行了初步分析,重点分析了500hPa的u、v风场及其廓线。北风带的东移南扩是造成寒潮过程的关键。南疆的风沙天气延长了低温的持续时间。     

The Influence of Element Diffusion at the Sediment—Water Interface on the Basic Chemical Composition of Overlying Water Mass in Lake Lugu,China

Little work has been done on the influence of seiments on the basic chemical composition of overlying water mass.This paper deals with the vertical profile of the basic constituents such as Ca^ ,K^ ,Na^ ,and HCO3^-,as well as of pH in the overlying water mass and sediment porewater of Lake Lugu-a semi-closed,deep lake in Yunnan Province.The reand sediment porewater of Lake Lugu- a semi-closed,deep lake in Yunnan Province.The results revealed that those basic constituents may diffuse and transport from bottom sediments to overlying water mass through porewater.In the paper are also quantitatively evaluated the diffusive fluxes and the extent of their influence on overlying water mass,indicating that the lake sediment-water interface diffusion plays an important role in controlling the basic chemical composition of water in the whole lake.     

黄铁矿表面及其与Au（HS）2^—溶液作用的STM研究

本文用ＳＴＭ研究了黄铁矿和方铅矿表面的原子结构、纳米级微形貌、电子态分布及其吸附态的特点。ＳＴＭ电流图象揭示了表面缺陷与表面电子态之间的对应关系，硫化和的表面的化学反应活性可能是表现缺陷引起的局域导电性增强有关。ＳＴＭ观察进一步表明黄铁矿和方铅矿对金的硫氢配合物的吸附作用优先发生于扭折位和台阶边缘等高能部位，反映出吸附态的分布也是与表面电子态分布相对应的。这样就从微观领域考证了硫化物表面对化学活性     

裂变径迹长度测量标准化研究——锆石蚀刻标准探讨

通过不同时间蚀刻的锆石径迹长度测量,确定海南迅速冷却火山型锆石的水平封闭径迹(HCT)平均长度L＝10.93 μm,标准偏差为0.93 μm,可作为锆石长度测量的参照标准.对锆石的蚀刻标准进行了探讨,确立垂直C轴的表面径迹宽度Dpar为(1.0±0.5)μm的蚀刻标准,要求Dpar1 μm和Dpar1 μm的颗粒数应大致相当,以及封闭径迹宽度DHCT1.0 μm的测量标准.     

A Simple Monte Carlo Method for Locating the Three-dimensional Critical Slip Surface of a Slope

Based on the assumption of the plain-strain problem, various optimization or random search methods have been developed for locating the critical slip surfaces in slope-stability analysis, but none of such methods is applicable to the 3D case. In this paper, a simple Monte Carlo random simulation method is proposed to identify the 3D critical slip surface. Assuming the initial slip to be the lower part of a slip ellipsoid, the 3D critical slip surface is located by means of a minimized 3D safety factor. A column-based 3D slope stability analysis model is used to calculate this factor. In this study, some practical cases of known minimum safety factors and critical slip surfaces in 2D analysis are extended to 3D slope problems to locate the critical slip surfaces. Compared with the 2D result, the resulting 3D critical slip surface has no apparent difference in terms of only cross section, but the associated 3D safety factor is definitely higher.     

Sorption Characteristics of Rare Earth Element Eu^3＋ onto Silica-Water Interfaces Studied by Fluorescence Spectroscopy

The sorption of Eu species onto nano-size silica-water interfaces was investigated using fluorescence spectroscopy for Ph ranges of 1-8.5 and an initial Eu concentration (Ceu) of 2×10-4 M. The sorption rate of Eu was initially low, but significantly increased at Ph>4. The sorption density of Eu species on a silica surface was ～1.58×10-7 mol/m2 when the dissolved Eu species were completely sorbed onto silica-water interfaces at Ph=～5.8. The sorbed Eu species at Ph<6 is aquo Eu3 , which is sorbed onto silica-water interfaces as an outer-sphere complex at Ph<5, but may be sorbed as an inner-sphere bidentate complex at 5相似文献   

表面波谱分析影响因素研究

基于理论分析及数值计算,研究了频率分辨率、反射波等对谱分析影响,结果表明：频率分辨率会影响相位差曲线及相位差折迭数量;与振源相对的场地沟槽反射的瑞利波或分层界面的反射体波会使测点信号功率谱估计及计算的相速度-波长曲线出现扰动。通过细化技术及干扰信号切除方法可提高相速度计算精度。在低频域相位差折迭数无法统计时,用优化分析方法可以估计可能损失折迭数或额外多余的折迭数。     

云量对祁连山老虎沟12号冰川表面能量平衡的影响

为探讨云量对冰川表面能量平衡(SEB)的影响,利用架设在老虎沟12号冰川(简称12号冰川)消融区(4 550m a. s. l.)的自动气象站资料,结合能量平衡模型计算各能量分量并分析其季节变化,通过云量参数化方案获取云量因子并量化其对冰川表面能量收支的影响。结果表明:净短波辐射为冰川表面主要的能量来源(92%),净长波辐射为主要能量支出(61%),二者均受云量影响,但云的短波辐射效应更强(-37W·m^-2)。云量通过影响辐射收支和湍流通量进而影响冰川表面能量收支,随云量的增加,冰川表面获得的能量减少,冰川消融速率降低。与其他区域的冰川表面能量收支对比,除地理位置、反照率、气温等因素外,海拔和云量的影响也非常显著。     

广西省右江流域之“红锑”矿

红锑即养化锑,土人因其表面多显红棕色,故统名之曰‘红锑’此种红棕色,实为由铁质渲染而成。此矿在桂省西部左江流域之分布甚广,计有田东、田阳、天保、靖西,镇结、向都、万罔、平治、万承、龙茗、养利等县,其年产量之最高数字,     

祁连山七一冰川表面运动特征最新观测研究

为了保持对祁连山七一冰川运动变化情况观测的连续性,进一步揭示全球气候变暖背景下山岳冰川的运动变化规律,对布设在七一冰川表面的花杆进行了定期观测,获取了2012年7-8月以及2013年8-9月冰川考察期间的最新观测数据（花杆位置、冰川末端边界以及物质平衡等数据资料）,通过对数据进行分析,获得了七一冰川表面的运动状况以及末端进退变化情况. 结果表明：空间分布特征方面,七一冰川在横剖面以及纵剖面的运动保持了一般山岳冰川的运动规律;横剖面上,主流线附近冰川运动速度较两侧运动速度要大;纵剖面上,由冰川末端到零物质平衡线,冰川运动速度逐渐增大;运动方向上,七一冰川运动速度矢量大多沿主流线向下运动,或者稍微偏离主流线一定方向. 在冰川运动速度时间分布特征方面,七一冰川在消融季与非消融季的运动速度差异显著,消融季运动速度要明显大于非消融季运动速度. 最近几十年,七一冰川整体运动速度呈现出了逐年减小的趋势. 在2012年8月至2013年8月期间,冰川末端退缩了大约5～7 m,退缩较为显著.