Mantle processes during ocean formation：Petrologic records in peridotites from the Alpine－Apennine ophiolites

Mantle peridotites were early exposed at the sea-floor of the Jurassic Tethys derived from the subcontinental mantle of the Europe-Adria system. During continental rifting and oceanic spreading, these lithospheric peri-dotites were percolated via diffuse reactive porous flowby melt fractions produced by near-fractional melting of the upwelling asthenosphere. Ascending melts inter-acted with the lower lithosphere, dissolving pyroxenes and precipitating olivine, and crystallized at shallower levels in the mantle column causing melt impregnation.Subsequent focused porous flow formed replacive dunitechannels, cutting the impregnated oeridotites, which were conduits for upward migration of MORB-type liq-uids. Melt migration produced depletionlrefertilization and significant heating of the percolatedlimpregnated mantle, i.e the thermochemical erosion of the litho-sphere. Impregnated and thermally modified lithos-pheric mantle was cooled by conductive heat loss dur-ing progressive lithosphere thinning and was intrudeaby MORB magmas, which formed Mg-rich and Fe-richgabbroic dykes and bodies. Alpine-Apennine ophiolitic peridotites record the deep-seated migration of melts which changed their compositions and dynamics during the rift evolution. The thermochemical erosion of the lithospheric mantle by the ascending asthenospheric melts, which induces significant compositional and rhe-ological changes in the lower lithosphere, is a major process in the evolution of the continent-ocean transi-tion towards a slow spreading oceanic system.     

海河口演变特性分析

总结了海河口的历史变化过程，通过实测资料分析了海河口建闸后的淤只情况、目前的淤积形态及其主要原因，认为河口建闸３０ａ来，在径流量逐渐减小的条件下，潮汐水流是塑造闸下淤积形态的主要动力。     

浙江景宁大源山火山岩地貌景观及开发远景

浙江景宁大源山是一处尚待开发的地质旅游景区,由晚侏罗世陆相火山岩组成,火山作用强烈,岩石类型齐全,火山机构发育典型。火山岩地貌景观独特,以峰柱、峰丛、造型石为特色,融畲族风情和生态景观于一体,具有很高科学品位及研究价值,兼具观光游览、科普休闲等多项功能,具备建立地质公园的科学基础,具有很好的开发前景。     

滇西北金沙江斜向碰撞-走滑造山带的确定

在已往发表的论著中 ,对金沙江古特提斯 (ＤＴ)阶段的造山过程 ,多采用板块理论的俯冲碰撞造山模式。但这一模式还未得到研究区沟孤盆的成对性、朝向消减板块方向的大规模推覆构造和相应的前陆盆地以及早期高压阶段和晚期中到低压阶段发生的多相变质作用等现象的有力支持。通过对滇西北金沙江拖顶和拱卡段的大比例尺地质填图和构造解析发现 ,众所周知的金沙江古特提斯对接带最显著的特征是宽约 1～ 2ｋｍ的韧性走滑剪切带。该剪切带是西侧的三叠纪火山岩带和东侧的裂陷陆缘带沉积的上古生界的边界断层。不同尺度的剪切带把规模不等、时代各…     

洱源盐井山刚玉矿床地质特征

通过1：5万区域地质调查工作，首次在云南省洱源县盐井山古元古代苍山变质岩中发现刚玉矿床，矿体产于苍山变质岩区，大涧口韧性剪切糜模岩带的变质镁铁岩外接触带，滑石片宕、云母片岩和伟晶岩脉中。矿石有伟晶岩型和滑石片岩型两类。     

当前造山带研究的一些进展与启示

八十年代以来．造山带研究领域内不断发现新的构造类型，造山带的成因机制复杂多样．很难用一种模式、一种机制予以阐明。造山带的深部结构在时间上、空间上具有动态性质，随着造山过程的进行而不断演化．当前正处于新一代地质理论诞生的前夜．我国地质工作者应立足于中国独特的地质构造，从系统的角度、演化的角度，以多学科联合的方式，探索并创立具有中国特色的地质理论．     

内蒙古北部华北板块与西伯利亚板块之间中古生代造山带的结构及演化

论证了发育在内蒙古北部锡林浩特-苏尼特左旗南-二道井一带的中古生代俯冲-碰撞造山带,划分出5个二级构造单元.它们是:混杂岩带、前陆变形带、磨拉斯盆地、岛弧闪长岩带和同碰撞花岗岩带.造山带的演化可分为俯冲时期(500～400Ma)和碰撞时期(400～320Ma).造山带的形成使华北板块与西伯利亚板块在晚泥盆世拼合,磁撞缝合线位于二道井-查干乌拉-红格尔一线.     

西天山艾肯达坂组火山岩系同位素定年及其构造意义

西天山艾肯达坂地区较好发育了艾肯达坂纽红色陆相火山岩建造．它不整合在下石炭统大哈拉军山组之上,未经变形和变质，属于陆陆碰撞晚期的橄榄安粗岩系，其年龄确定是厘定从碰撞造山向陆内构造演化的关键。因此,通过16件新获得的钾氩年龄测值，确定艾肯达坂组火山岩系形成在260Ma～270Ma之间，属早二叠世，而不是过去认为的石炭纪；西天山的陆陆碰撞应在二叠纪末结束,此后进入陆内造山阶段。