雾化进样石墨炉原子吸收光谱法的研究 Ⅰ.直接雾化进样装置及其性能

介绍一种自行设计和加工的直接雾化石墨炉进样装置的结构、工作原理和操作方法。该装置由微机控制与石墨炉加热程序同步工作,可以实现自动控制和自动测量。对雾化进样石墨炉分析的仪器参数和实验条件进行了研究和选择。结果表明,该装置与石墨炉结合具有自动化程度高、重现性好、样品利用率高和分析速度快等特点。     

Fast iterative solution of large undrained soil‐structure interaction problems

In view of rapid developments in iterative solvers, it is timely to re‐examine the merits of using mixed formulation for incompressible problems. This paper presents extensive numerical studies to compare the accuracy of undrained solutions resulting from the standard displacement formulation with a penalty term and the two‐field mixed formulation. The standard displacement and two‐field mixed formulations are solved using both direct and iterative approaches to assess if it is cost‐effective to achieve more accurate solutions. Numerical studies of a simple footing problem show that the mixed formulation is able to solve the incompressible problem ‘exactly’, does not create pressure and stress instabilities, and obviate the need for an ad hoc penalty number. In addition, for large‐scale problems where it is not possible to perform direct solutions entirely within available random access memory, it turns out that the larger system of equations from mixed formulation also can be solved much more efficiently than the smaller system of equations arising from standard formulation by using the symmetric quasi‐minimal residual (SQMR) method with the generalized Jacobi (GJ) preconditioner. Iterative solution by SQMR with GJ preconditioning also is more elegant, faster, and more accurate than the popular Uzawa method. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Risk Management for Petroleum Reservoir Production: A Simulation-Based Study of Prediction

We consider numerical solutions of the Darcy and Buckley–Leverett equations for flow in porous media. These solutions depend on a realization of a random field that describes the reservoir permeability. The main content of this paper is to formulate and analyze a probability model for the numerical coarse grid solution error. We explore the extent to which the coarse grid oil production rate is sufficient to predict future oil production rates. We find that very early oil production data is sufficient to reduce the prediction error in oil production by about 30%, relative to the prior probability prediction.     

三维地质模型软件71在冷43 油藏描述中的应用

根据地震解释的地层层序和构造单元的空间允布，以及多井对比建 立的小层分布，在层序内部尽可能地平行于原始沉积面细分层系，建立表 述储层在三维空间任一点分布状况的定量地质模型，并以此为骨架，加上 测井解释和岩芯分析或地震解释所得的储层参数，在三维空间内形成三 维地质模型。在mips等图形工作站上以各种切片图、剖面图、透视图等 方式显示。     

腰椎管侧隐窝分型及影响侧隐窝狭窄症诊断的几个因素（附120例CTM分析）

作者对１２０例因下腰痛手术治疗在术前进行过ＣＴＭ检查的患者作了影像学及临床分析．按形态不同，侧隐窝可分为五种类型：（１）三角型，即整个椎管呈倒三角形，其侧隐窝完全开放；（２）猫耳型，因后关节和椎体后缘轻度增生，形成底宽顶尖的侧隐窝，整个椎管形如猫头，侧脸窝为猫耳，基本开放；（３）牛角型，因关节突向椎体方向过度增生使侧隐窝呈横向伸开的带状，中央椎管不窄，横断面形如牛头，侧阴窝为牛角，严重者侧隐窝可近于闭塞；（４）三叶草型，极度增生的关节突加上向后实入的椎体后缘使整个椎管呈三叶草状，侧隐窝和中央椎管均狭窄；（５）混合型，多为上述形状的混合或两侧侧隐窝发育不对称．前二型不易形成对神经的压迫，后三型易造成压迫．但即使最狭窄的侧隐窝也不一定产生症状，因为关键在于神经根和侧隐窝的宽度的相对关系．因此作者提出单纯依靠侧隐窝的宽度不能诊断侧隐窝狭窄症，而是要判断神经是否被侧隐窝压迫．因此ＣＴＭ在侧隐窝狭窄症的诊断中有突出意义．     

宁夏短期天气预报业务流程

介绍了以宁夏ＭＯＳ预报结果为基本指导产品、结合宁夏气象业务具体情况、通过二次开发建立在微机上的新型短期天气预报业务流程。该流程的建立,使宁夏短期天气预报人员基本摆脱了传统的纸上作业而转向新型的计算机预报平台,使宁夏短期天气预报的自动化水平上了一个新台阶。     

Palynological constraints on the age of the Mississippi Valley-type Changdong Pb-Zn deposit,Sanjiang belt,West China

Mississippi Valley-type(MVT)Pb-Zn deposits serve as the world’s major supply of Pb-Zn resources.However,the age constraint of MVT Pb-Zn deposits has long been a big challenge,due to the lack of minerals that are unequivocally related to ore deposition and that can be used for radioisotopic dating.Here we show sporopollens can provide useful chronological information on the Changdong MVT Pb-Zn deposit in the Simao basin,Sanjiang belt,West China.The Pb-Zn ores in the Changdong deposit are hosted by internal sediments in paleo-karst caves of meteoric origin.Sphalerite and galena occur as replacements of carbonate minerals and void infillings in the internal sediments.The relations suggest that the Pb-Zn mineralization occurred after the deposition of the internal sediments.A palynological assemblage mainly composed of angiosperm pollen dominated by Castanea,Quercus,and Carya and fern spores dominated by Polypodiaceae,Pteris,and Athyriaceae was identified.These pollen and spores place the ore-hosting internal sediments and the Changdong paleo-karst at early to middle Oligocene.Consequently,the Changdong Pb-Zn deposit must have formed after the early Oligocene(~34 Ma).These age constraints,together with the geological characteristics,indicate that the Changdong Pb-Zn deposit is a paleo-karst-controlled MVT deposit related to fold-thrust systems in the Sanjiang belt.The Changdong deposit is similar to other MVT Pb-Zn deposits in the northern part of the Sanjiang belt,making it possible to extend this Pb-Zn belt 500 km further to the South.Results presented here highlights the potential of sporopollens in dating the age of MVT deposits related to paleo-karst formation in young orogenic belts.     

松散堆积体工程边坡变形机理分析及支护对策研究

合理选择开挖坡比、正确认识变形破坏机理是影响松散堆积体边坡稳定性和施工安全的前提, 本文研究了西南地区某松散堆积体工程边坡的结构特征, 根据地形条件确定了合理的开挖坡比, 采用二维有限元研究了开挖边坡的变形机理并根据模拟结果确定潜在滑动面, 在此基础上, 提出支护对策。研究结果表明, 边坡由厚度达70m 的坡洪积、泥石流块碎石堆积体组成, 斜坡下部缓中部稍陡, 开挖平台位于缓坡部位, 根据地形条件结合坡体结构特征确定边坡开挖坡比为1: 0. 75; 数值模拟结果表明, 边坡变形开挖面附近及坡顶拉应力和坡体下部最大剪应力控制, 坡顶部位将首先产生拉张裂隙, 开挖边坡内部产生从坡脚部位向上发展的剪切变形, 滑面一旦与坡顶拉裂缝贯通, 边坡将产生整体失稳; 边坡采用锚拉桩、锚索框架、锚杆框架、排水相结合的综合治理措施进行支护。     

强震作用下陡倾顺层岩质边坡失稳机制研究

安县茶坪乡冷浸沟陡倾顺层岩质边坡在\