雾化进样石墨炉原子吸收光谱法的研究 Ⅰ.直接雾化进样装置及其性能

介绍一种自行设计和加工的直接雾化石墨炉进样装置的结构、工作原理和操作方法。该装置由微机控制与石墨炉加热程序同步工作,可以实现自动控制和自动测量。对雾化进样石墨炉分析的仪器参数和实验条件进行了研究和选择。结果表明,该装置与石墨炉结合具有自动化程度高、重现性好、样品利用率高和分析速度快等特点。     

Fast iterative solution of large undrained soil‐structure interaction problems

In view of rapid developments in iterative solvers, it is timely to re‐examine the merits of using mixed formulation for incompressible problems. This paper presents extensive numerical studies to compare the accuracy of undrained solutions resulting from the standard displacement formulation with a penalty term and the two‐field mixed formulation. The standard displacement and two‐field mixed formulations are solved using both direct and iterative approaches to assess if it is cost‐effective to achieve more accurate solutions. Numerical studies of a simple footing problem show that the mixed formulation is able to solve the incompressible problem ‘exactly’, does not create pressure and stress instabilities, and obviate the need for an ad hoc penalty number. In addition, for large‐scale problems where it is not possible to perform direct solutions entirely within available random access memory, it turns out that the larger system of equations from mixed formulation also can be solved much more efficiently than the smaller system of equations arising from standard formulation by using the symmetric quasi‐minimal residual (SQMR) method with the generalized Jacobi (GJ) preconditioner. Iterative solution by SQMR with GJ preconditioning also is more elegant, faster, and more accurate than the popular Uzawa method. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Risk Management for Petroleum Reservoir Production: A Simulation-Based Study of Prediction

We consider numerical solutions of the Darcy and Buckley–Leverett equations for flow in porous media. These solutions depend on a realization of a random field that describes the reservoir permeability. The main content of this paper is to formulate and analyze a probability model for the numerical coarse grid solution error. We explore the extent to which the coarse grid oil production rate is sufficient to predict future oil production rates. We find that very early oil production data is sufficient to reduce the prediction error in oil production by about 30%, relative to the prior probability prediction.     

A robust algorithm for ellipse-based discrete element modelling of granular materials

With recent research indicating the importance of the rolling mechanism of deformation in granular systems consisting of perfectly round particles, it has become popular to use ellipse-shaped particles in the Discrete Element Method (DEM) numerical model. Inherent in this technique is the need for accurately computing ellipse to ellipse intersection, in order to properly detect contact formation and compute relative contact velocities. However, the commonly used algorithms for computing ellipse-ellipse intersection are generally poorly conditioned and can be inaccurate. An alternate method for computing ellipse-ellipse intersection is developed and presented which results in a well-conditioned, stable and accurate contact detection method. These modification are incorporated into the general DEM algorithm.     

三维地质模型软件71在冷43 油藏描述中的应用

根据地震解释的地层层序和构造单元的空间允布，以及多井对比建 立的小层分布，在层序内部尽可能地平行于原始沉积面细分层系，建立表 述储层在三维空间任一点分布状况的定量地质模型，并以此为骨架，加上 测井解释和岩芯分析或地震解释所得的储层参数，在三维空间内形成三 维地质模型。在mips等图形工作站上以各种切片图、剖面图、透视图等 方式显示。     

模式识别在手腕骨自动识别中的应用研究

手腕骨自动识别是实现骨龄评定自动化的关键。以数字化仪采集数据为基础,研究了模式识别与模糊数学在手腕骨自动识别中的应用理论和方法。实验证明,模式识别的应用是成功的。     

基于均值变点法提取地形起伏度的影响因素分析——以黄河流域(山西段)为例

地形起伏度因子在宏观尺度生态评估中具有重要作用。均值变点法是确定地形起伏度最佳分析窗口的常用方法,但其影响因素尚缺乏研究。本文以黄河流域(山西段)为例,基于DEM数据和均值变点法提取了研究区地形起伏度,并探讨了分析窗口样本数量、DEM分辨率和地貌类型3种因素的影响。结果表明：(1)分析窗口样本数量对最佳分析窗口取值有明显影响。随着样本数量的增加,变点所在的最佳分析窗口面积也不断增加。(2)DEM分辨率对最佳分析窗口取值有一定影响。分析窗口面积取值范围一致时,基于30 m ASTER GDEM计算得到的最佳分析窗口面积小于基于90 m SRTM DEM的最佳分析窗口面积。(3)地貌类型对最佳分析窗口取值的影响不大。当分析窗口样本数量一致时,不同地貌类型区及整个研究区最佳分析窗口相同或接近。总体而言,分析窗口样本数量是最关键的影响因素。     

融合空间和时序遥感信息的深度学习水稻提取

为了得到更加精细的水稻提取结果,提出一种结合高分辨率和多时序遥感影像的深度学习水稻提取方法.构建全卷积网络(FCN)对BJ-2高分辨率遥感影像进行分类,并利用长短期记忆网络(LSTM)和随机森林(RF)分类器对Sentinel-2多时序遥感影像进行分类,再通过面向对象的分割和投票对3种方法的分类结果进行融合,得到最终提...     

卫星导航系统差分增强技术发展研究

随着用户对卫星导航系统需求的日趋膨胀,高精度差分技术已呈现出新的特征与发展趋势。本文从差分原理、技术、系统几个层面综合分析了现有差分系统的优缺点及发展趋势,在此基础上,探讨了我国卫星导航系统后续差分增强系统发展应关注的重点问题,并给出了几点建议。