西双版纳土地利用/覆盖格局的热环境效应研究

利用Landsat TM/ETM＋数据的热红外波段,通过单通道算法,反演了中国热带西双版纳地区的地表温度,并对西双版纳地表温度演变的规律进行了分析,结果显示：（1）研究期间,西双版纳土地利用/覆盖发生了剧烈变化,有林地面积不断减少,旱地、灌木林、茶园与橡胶园面积不断增加;（2）旱地、荒草地、茶园、建设用地的地表真实温度的平均值较高,水体和有林地的平均温度较低;（3）旱地、灌木林、有林地、荒草地和橡胶园对区域的热效应贡献较大,水体、水浇地、建设用地、滩涂和水体的热效应贡献较小;有林地的热单元权重有不断减少的趋势,灌木林与旱地的热单元权重有不断增加的趋势;（4）西双版纳土地利用/覆盖的剧烈变化改变了区域地表温度的分布格局,最终可能会导致地方气候变化。需要进一步开展西双版纳地区LUCC—气候—生态系统耦合研究,深入研究区域LUCC特别是橡胶园的时空变化过程及其气候/生态效应、气候变化与LUCC过程的互馈机制,为实现区域可持续发展提供科学依据。

THE LAND USE/COVER CHANGE AND ITS IMPACT ON THERMAL ENVIRONMENT IN XISHUANGBANNA

In this study, based on thermal band of Landsat TM/ ETM＋ data, the radiative transfer model MODTRAN 4 was used to perform the atmospheric correction,using single- channel algorithm and mono- windowalgorithm,we retrieved the land surface temperature（ LST） of Xishuangbanna, and the relationship of LST spatial change and LUCC were analyzed. The main conclusions included：（ 1） During the study period,land use / cover in Xishuangbanna had taken place. Forest is decreasing,while dry land,shrubland,tea garden and rubber plantation area is increasing.（ 2） The mean LST of dry land,grassland,tea garden,and built- up land were much larger than other types,while water body and forest were lower.（ 3） Dry land,shrubland,forest,grassland,and rubber plantation took an important role in regional thermal contribution, while others gave little impact. The thermal pixel proportion index of forest was decreasing,while the shrubland and dry land were increasing.（ 4） Dramatic variations of land use / cover in Xishuangbanna would change the distribution pattern of LST,which may eventually lead to changes in locale climate. Therefore,the paper proposed the coupled research amongst LUCC- climate- ecological system should be carried out. Especially the further study of regional LUCC such as the process of temporal and spatial changes in rubber plantations as well as feedback mechanism for climatic changes and LUCC should be implemented,which will provide scientific consultations for achieving sustainable development of Xishuangbanna region.