乌鲁木齐国际机场一次高影响大雾的成因分析

利用常规观测资料、机场跑道自动观测系统(AWOS)、机场风廓线雷达、卫星云图等资料,分析2015年1月14日乌鲁木齐国际机场一次严重影响航班运行的大雾天气背景、温度、能见度、层结条件等。结果表明:此次大雾天气是在高空暖高压脊,低层干暖的东南风稳定维持,近地层处于地面冷高压底后部的冷湿气团控制的环流背景下形成的,上暖下冷的层结条件有利于逆温层的建立和维持,为大雾提供了必要条件。此次过程乌鲁木齐以西的北疆沿天山一带均为大雾天气所覆盖,大雾天气的范围大,厚度厚,且大雾期间各站的温度日变化很小,湿空气长时间维持饱和状态,也是乌鲁木齐机场大雾长时间维持的主要原因。

Analysis of the Heavy Impact of Fog In Urumqi International Airport

Using conventional observation data, AWS, AWOS, Airport Wind Profile Radar, Satellite Cloud pictures to analyze the background condition, Temperature, visibility and stratification condition of fog which happened on Jan,1st,2015, the results indicate that:(1)warm ridge in high level ,warm advection transporting in low level and cold anticyclone provide the circulation pattern of fog. The fog has a large range and thickness. The small daily variation of temperature is a good condition for long-lasting fog. AWOS and Wind-profile radar data are used to analyze the continuously change of meteorological elements. Wind-profile radar data not only can show the vertical wind field, but also can indicate the thickness and intensity of inversion layer of fog, especially using virtual temperature.