陕北地区水污染物排放量预测研究

水是陕北能源化工基地建设的关键性资源,防治水环境污染是确保能源基地可持续发展重要保障。本文依据陕北能源化工基地建设相关规划,分污染物达标排放、推行清洁生产、部分行业生产污水零排放＋清洁生产等三种情景,对未来陕北地区工业废水和生活污水排放量做了预测。分析结果表明：2020年,陕北地区在污染物达标排放的情景下,COD、NH3-N排放总量分别为53 417 t和9 111 t;在推行清洁生产情景下,COD、NH3-N排放总量分别为35 237 t和5 583 t;在部分行业生产污水零排放＋清洁生产的情景下,COD、NH3-N排放总量分别为25407 t和4 377 t。与2007年水污染物排放量相比,在三种设计情景下,延安COD与NH3-N基本实现减排,而榆林地区COD与NH3-N排放量均超过现状排放量。比较来看,陕北地区在部分行业生产污水零排放＋清洁生产的情景下污染物排放量最小,但COD、NH3-N仍较2007年现状排放量增加12%和56%,即陕北地区未来发展中水环境压力很大,应该采取切实可行的措施大幅度降低污染物排放量。

Study on Prediction of Water Pollution Discharged Value in Northern Shaanxi

The water is a kind of key resources for energy chemical base construction in Northern Shaanxi.It is crucial of prevention water environment pollution for ensuring sustainable development of energy base.The article is based on the relevant plan this area and divided into three circumstances such as discharging sewage by the standard,pushing clean production,zero discharge in some industry ＋ clean production.It forecasts the discharged value of industrial wastewater and domestic sewage in the future in the Northern Shaanxi.The results shows that the total discharged amount of COD and NH3-N are respectively 53 417 and 9111 t,35 237 and 5 583 t,25 407 and 4 377 t by the above three circumstances in the year of 2020.To compare the discharged value of water pollution in 2007 and under the same circumstances,the COD and NH3-H realize the reduction in Yan＇an,are beyond the present discharged value in Yulin,so the discharged value under the circumstance of zero discharge ＋ clean production in some industry this area are the minimum.But COD and NH3-N increased by 12% and 56% comparing with one in 2007.Therefore,the water environment pressure in the future is great and should take the available measure to reduce the pollution discharged value in large scale.